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1 Samuel 30

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1 Tre giorni dopo, quando Davide e la sua gente furon giunti a Tsiklag, ecco che gli Amalekiti avean fatto una scorreria verso il mezzogiorno e verso Tsiklag; aveano presa Tsiklag e l’aveano incendiata:

2 avean fatto prigionieri le donne e tutti quelli che vi si trovavano, piccoli e grandi; non avevano ucciso alcuno, ma aveano menato via tutti, e se n’eran tornati donde eran venuti.

3 Quando Davide e la sua gente giunsero alla città, ecco ch’essa era distrutta dal fuoco, e le loro mogli, i loro figliuoli e le loro figliuole erano stati menati via prigionieri.

4 Allora Davide e tutti quelli ch’eran con lui alzaron la voce e piansero, finché non ebbero più forza di piangere.

5 Le due mogli di Davide, Ahinoam la Izreelita e Abigail la Carmelita ch’era stata moglie di Nabal, erano anch’esse prigioniere.

6 E Davide fu grandemente angosciato perché la gente parlava di lapidarlo, essendo l’animo di tutti amareggiato a motivo dei lor figliuoli e delle loro figliuole; ma Davide si fortificò nell’Eterno, nel suo Dio.

7 Davide disse al sacerdote Abiathar, figliuolo di Ahimelec: "Ti prego, portami qua l’efod". E Abiathar portò l’efod a Davide.

8 E Davide consultò l’Eterno, dicendo: "Debbo io dar dietro a questa banda di predoni? la raggiungerò io?" l’Eterno rispose: "Dàlle dietro, poiché certamente la raggiungerai, e potrai ricuperare ogni cosa".

9 Davide dunque andò coi seicento uomini che avea seco, e giunsero al torrente Besor, dove quelli ch’erano rimasti indietro si fermarono:

10 ma Davide continuò l’inseguimento con quattrocento uomini: duecento erano rimasti addietro, troppo stanchi per poter attraversare il torrente Besor.

11 Trovarono per la campagna un Egiziano, e lo menarono a Davide. Gli diedero del pane, ch’egli mangiò, e dell’acqua da bere;

12 e gli diedero un pezzo di schiacciata di fichi secchi e due picce d’uva. Quand’egli ebbe mangiato, si riebbe, perché non avea mangiato panebevuto acqua per tre giorni e tre notti.

13 Davide gli chiese: "A chi appartieni? e di dove sei? Quegli rispose: "Sono un giovine egiziano, servo di un Amalekita; e il mio padrone m’ha abbandonato perché tre giorni fa caddi infermo.

14 Abbiam fatto una scorreria nel mezzogiorno dei Kerethei, sul territorio di Giuda e nel mezzogiorno di Caleb, e abbiamo incendiato Tsiklag".

15 Davide gli disse: "Vuoi tu condurmi giù dov’è quella banda?" Quegli rispose: "Giurami per il nome di Dio che non mi ucciderai e non mi darai nelle mani del mio padrone, e io ti menerò giù dov’è quella banda".

16 E quand’ei l’ebbe menato là, ecco che gli Amalekiti erano sparsi dappertutto per la campagna, mangiando, bevendo, e facendo festa, a motivo del gran bottino che avean portato via dal paese dei Filistei e da paese di Giuda.

17 Davide diè loro addosso dalla sera di quel giorno fino alla sera dell’indomani; e non uno ne scampò, tranne quattrocento giovani, che montarono su dei cammelli e fuggirono.

18 Davide ricuperò tutto quello che gli Amalekiti aveano portato via, e liberò anche le sue due mogli.

19 E non vi mancò alcuno, né dei piccoli né dei grandi, né de’ figliuoli né delle figliuole, né alcun che del bottino, né cosa alcuna che gli Amalekiti avessero presa. Davide ricondusse via tutto.

20 Davide riprese anche tutti i greggi e tutti gli armenti; e quelli che menavano questo bestiame e camminavano alla sua testa, dicevano: "Questo è il bottino di Davide!"

21 Poi Davide tornò verso quei duecento uomini che per la grande stanchezza non gli avevano potuto tener dietro, e che egli avea fatti rimanere al torrente Besor. Quelli si fecero avanti incontro a Davide e alla gente ch’era con lui. E Davide, accostatosi a loro, li salutò.

22 Allora tutti i tristi e i perversi fra gli uomini che erano andati con Davide, presero a dire: "Giacché costoro non son venuti con noi, non darem loro nulla del bottino che abbiamo ricuperato; tranne a ciascun di loro la sua moglie e i suoi figliuoli; se li menino via, e se ne vadano!"

23 Ma Davide disse: "Non fate così, fratelli miei, riguardo alle cose che l’Eterno ci ha date: Egli che ci ha protetti, e ha dato nelle nostre mani la banda ch’era venuta contro di noi.

24 E chi vi darebbe retta in quest’affare? Qual è la parte di chi scende alla battaglia, tale dev’essere la parte di colui che rimane presso il bagaglio; faranno tra loro le parti uguali.

25 E da quel giorno in poi si fece così; Davide ne fece in Israele una legge e una norma, che han durato fino al dì d’oggi.

26 Quando Davide fu tornato a Tsiklag, mandò parte di quel bottino agli anziani di Giuda, suoi amici, dicendo: "Eccovi un dono che viene dal bottino preso ai nemici dell’Eterno".

27 Ne mandò a quelli di Bethel, a quelli di Ramoth del mezzogiorno, a quelli di Jattir,

28 a quelli d’Aroer, a quelli di Simoth, a quelli d’Eshtemoa,

29 a quelli di Racal, a quelli delle città degli Ierahmeeliti, a quelli delle città dei Kenei,

30 a quelli di Horma, a quelli di Cor-Ashan, a quelli di Athac,

31 a quelli di Hebron, e a quelli di tutti i luoghi che Davide e la sua gente aveano percorso.

   

Komentimi

 

Drunk

  

In Isaiah 29:9, the phrase 'to be drunken without wine' points to people who don't care about the Word or the truths of faith, and thus have no inclination to know any thing about faith. (Arcana Coelestia 1072[6])

(Referencat: Arcana Coelestia 1072 [1-6]; Isaiah 29)

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Arcana Coelestia #1072

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1072. 'He was drunk' means that he consequently sank into errors. This is clear from the meaning of 'a drunken man' in the Word. Those people are called drunk who do not believe anything except that of which they have a mental grasp, and who for that reason probe into mysteries of faith. And because they probe into them by means of knowledge, either factual or philosophical, acquired through the senses, man being what he is inevitably sinks as a consequence into errors. Man's thought is altogether earthly, bodily, and material because it is born of things that are earthly, bodily, and material which cling to it all the time and which the ideas comprising his thought are based on and encompassed by. Consequently to think and reason about Divine matters from such things is to run into errors and perversities, and from that position it is as impossible to acquire faith as it is 'for a camel to go through the eye of a needle'. The error and insanity that result are in the Word called 'drunkenness'. What is more, souls or spirits in the next life who reason about and against the truths of faith become like drunken men and behave as these do. These people will in the Lord's Divine mercy be described later on.

[2] Spirits are clearly distinguished from one another as to whether they possess, or do not possess, faith that inheres in charity. Those who possess such faith do not engage in reasoning about the truths of faith. Instead they immediately declare them to be true, and also confirm them, so far as they are able, by means of sensory evidence, factual knowledge, and analytical arguments. But as soon as something obscure comes up which they do not perceive they lay it aside and never allow anything like that to lead them into doubt. They say that the things they are able to grasp are very few and that therefore to think that something is not true because they themselves do not grasp it would be madness. These people are those who are governed by charity. But those who do not possess faith inhering in charity have no other desire than to reason whether a thing is true and to know how it is so. They say that if they cannot know how it is so, they are unable to believe that it is so. From this attitude of mind alone they are instantly recognized as those who have no faith at all, and it is a sign not only that they entertain doubts about everything but also that at heart they are deniers. And even when they are informed as to how something is so they remain unmoved and raise all kinds of objections, and would never give up even if this went on for ever. Those who are thus unmoved pile up errors upon errors. These people, or such as they, are in the Word called 'drunk from wine or strong drink'.

[3] As in Isaiah,

These err through wine, and go astray through strong drink. The priest and the prophet err through strong drink. They are swallowed up by wine, they err from strong drink. They err in vision. All tables are full of vomit. Whom will He teach knowledge, and whom will He cause to understand the report? Those weaned from milk, those torn away from the breasts? Isaiah 28:7-9.

Such people are clearly meant here. In the same prophet,

How do you say to Pharaoh, I am a son of the wise, a son of kings of old? Where are your wise men now? Let them, I pray, tell you. Jehovah has mingled in the midst of her a spirit of perversity, and they have made Egypt err in all her works, as a drunken man errs in his vomit. Isaiah 19:11-12, 14.

'A drunken man' stands for people who wish from facts to probe into spiritual and celestial things. 'Egypt' means facts, which also is why he calls himself 'a son of the wise'. In Jeremiah,

Drink and get drunk, and vomit, and fall, and do not get up again. Jeremiah 25:27. This stands for falsities.

[4] In David,

They reel and stagger like a drunken man, and all their wisdom will be swallowed up. Psalms 107:27.

In Isaiah,

Come, I will get wine, and we will be drunken from strong drink, and tomorrow will be like this day, a great abundance. Isaiah 56:12.

This has reference to things that are contrary to the truths of faith. In Jeremiah,

Every wineskin will be filled with wine, all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with drunkenness. Jeremiah 13:12-13.

'Wine' stands for faith, 'drunkenness' for errors. In Joel,

Awake, you drunkards, and weep; and wail, all you drinkers of wine, over the new wine, for it is cut off from your mouth. For a nation is coming up over My land; it is turning My vine into a desolation. Joel 1:5-7.

This refers to the Church vastated as regards truths of faith. In John,

Babylon caused all nations to drink from the wine of the anger of whoredom. The inhabitants of the earth have got drunk with the wine of whoredom. Revelation 14:8, 10; 16:19; 17:2; 18:3; 19:15.

'The wine of whoredom' stands for adulterated truths of faith, to which 'drunkenness' has reference. Similarly in Jeremiah,

Babel was a golden cup in Jehovah's hand, making all the earth drunken. The nations have drunk of her wine, therefore the nations are mad. Jeremiah 51:7.

[5] Since 'drunkenness' meant inanities surrounding truths of faith, it also became representative; and Aaron was forbidden to be drunk, as the following shows,

Aaron and his sons were not to drink wine and intoxicating drink when they entered the Tent [of Meeting] lest they died, so that they might distinguish between what was holy and what was unholy, what was unclean and what was clean. Leviticus 10:8-10.

People who believe nothing except what they grasp through sensory evidence and factual knowledge are also called in Isaiah 'heroes at drinking',

Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes, and in their own sight intelligent! Woe to heroes at drinking wine, and valiant men in mixing strong drink! Isaiah 5:21-22.

They are called 'wise in their own eyes, and in their own sight intelligent' because people who reason against truths of faith imagine that they are wiser than everybody else.

[6] People however who pay no attention to the Word and the truths of faith, and thus who are unwilling to know anything about faith, and so deny its fundamental teachings, are called 'drunk without wine'. In Isaiah,

They were drunk but not with wine, they were staggering, but not with strong drink. For Jehovah has poured out upon you a Spirit of sleep, and has closed your eyes. Isaiah 19:9-10.

That they are such is clear from what comes before and after this description of them in the prophet. People who are 'drunk' in this sense imagine that they are more alert than anybody else, yet they are in a deep sleep. The fact that the Ancient Church when it began was such as is described in this verse, especially those who belonged to the stock of the Most Ancient Church, becomes clear from what has been stated already in 788.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.