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1. Samuelova 4

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1 I stalo se vedlé řeči Samuelovy všemu lidu Izraelskému. Nebo když vytáhl Izrael proti Filistinským k boji, a položili se při Eben-Ezer, Filistinští pak položili se v Afeku;

2 A když se sšikovali Filistinští proti Izraelovi, a již se potýkali: poražen jest Izrael od Filistinských, tak že jich zbito v té bitvě na poli takměř čtyři tisíce mužů.

3 I navrátil se lid do stanů, a řekli starší Izraelští: Proč nás dnes Hospodin porazil před Filistinskými? Vezměme k sobě z Sílo truhlu smlouvy Hospodinovy, ať přijde mezi nás, a vysvobodí nás z rukou nepřátel našich.

4 Poslal tedy lid do Sílo, a vzali odtud truhlu smlouvy Hospodina zástupů, sedícího na cherubínech. Byli také tam dva synové Elí s truhlou smlouvy Boží, Ofni a Fínes.

5 Když pak přinesena byla truhla smlouvy Hospodinovy do vojska, zkřikl všecken Izrael s velikým plésáním, až země vzněla.

6 Uslyševše pak Filistinští hluk plésání, řekli: Jaký jest to hlas výskání velikého tohoto v vojště Hebrejském? I poznali, že truhla Hospodinova přišla do vojska.

7 Protož báli se Filistinští, když praveno bylo: Přišel Bůh do vojska jejich; a řekli: Běda nám, nebo nebylo prvé nic k tomu podobného.

8 Běda nám! Kdo nás vysvobodí z ruky těch bohů silných? Tiť jsou bohové, kteříž zbili Egypt všelikou ranou i na poušti.

9 Posilňte se a buďte muži, ó Filistinští, abyste nesloužili těm Hebrejským, jako oni sloužili vám; buďtež tedy muži a bojujte.

10 Bojovali tedy Filistinští, a poražen jest Izrael, a utíkali jeden každý do stanu svého. I byla ta porážka veliká velmi, nebo padlo z Izraele třidceti tisíc pěších;

11 Také truhla Boží vzata, a dva synové Elí zabiti, Ofni a Fínes.

12 Běže pak jeden Beniaminský z bitvy, přišel do Sílo téhož dne, maje roucho roztržené a hlavu prstí posypanou.

13 Přišel tedy, a aj, Elí seděl na stolici při cestě, hledě, nebo srdce jeho lekalo se za truhlu Boží; a když všel muž ten, a oznámil v městě, kvílilo všecko město.

14 A uslyšev Elí hlas křiku toho, řekl: Jaký jest to hlas hřmotu tohoto? Muž pak ten pospíchaje, přiběhl, aby oznámil Elí.

15 (A byl Elí v devadesáti a osmi letech; oči také jeho byly již pošly, a nemohl viděti.)

16 I řekl muž ten k Elí: Já jdu z bitvy, z bitvy zajisté utekl jsem dnes. I dí jemu on: Co se tam stalo, můj synu?

17 Odpověděl ten posel a řekl: Utekl Izrael před Filistinskými, také i porážka veliká stala se v lidu, ano i oba synové tvoji zabiti jsou, Ofni a Fínes, a truhla Boží jest vzata.

18 I stalo se, že jakž jmenoval truhlu Boží, spadl Elí s stolice nazpět při úhlu brány, a tak zlomiv šíji, umřel; nebo byl muž starý a těžký. On soudil Izraele čtyřidceti let.

19 Nevěsta pak jeho, manželka Fínesova, jsuc těhotná a blízká porodu, uslyševši také tu pověst, že by truhla Boží vzata byla, a že umřel tchán její i muž její, sklonila se a porodila; nebo se obořily na ni úzkosti její.

20 A v ten čas, když ona umírala, řekly, kteréž stály při ní: Neboj se, však jsi porodila syna. Kteráž nic neodpověděla, aniž toho připustila k srdci svému.

21 I nazvala dítě Ichabod, řkuci: Přestěhovala se sláva z Izraele; proto že vzata byla truhla Boží, a umřel tchán i muž její.

22 Protož řekla: Přestěhovala se sláva z Izraele, nebo vzata jest truhla Boží.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of 1 Samuel 4

Nga Garry Walsh

Although everyone in Israel knew that Samuel had been chosen as the Lord’s prophet, the Israelites still didn’t listen to his prophecy. As a result, there was a new battle between the army of Israel and the army of the Philistines. The Philistines won and about four thousand men of Israel died.

The Israelites were in great distress. They sent for the Ark of the Covenant, thinking that if they brought it from Shiloh to the battlefield, it would help bring the power of Jehovah into the battle, and help them win. The two sons of Eli the High Priest, Hophni and Phinehas, came along with the Ark. When the Ark reached the Israelite camp, the Israelites shouted with joy, and the Philistines became afraid. The Philistines knew that the Israelite God was surely with them, and they remembered His power from the plagues of Egypt. (See Exodus 7 and the following chapters.)

And yet, the Philistines were tough enemies. They didn’t want to be slaves to Israel, as Israel had been to them. They gathered their courage and defeated Israel in battle again, and even captured the Ark of the Covenant.

A messenger was sent to bring the bad news to Shiloh, where Eli was. Hophni and Phinehas were dead, and the Ark was in enemy hands. When he heard the news, the elderly Eli fell backwards from his seat and died. Phinehas' wife was pregnant, and when she heard the news of her husband’s death it crushed her spirit, and she died shortly after delivering a son that she named Ichabod. So just as the Lord had told Samuel, the priestly role was taken from Eli’s family.

Why was the Ark of the Covenant important? It contained two stone tablets, on which were written the Ten Commandments. These were written by the finger of God, and given to Moses on Mount Sinai. The Commandments represented the covenant between the Lord and people. They would be joined together through love and faith: God’s love for His people, and their love for Him. Love, faith in God and obedience to His message would forever bind them. The covenant is only fulfilled when people, individually and collectively, do what is written on those two tablets. (See True Christianity 285.)

In this story, the Israelites lost the Ark of the Covenant with the Ten Commandments. This symbolizes how we can lose our covenant with the Lord, our Creator. We are free to keep our covenant with the Lord and follow His laws, or to break it. This story shows us how breaking the covenant can be really destructive.

God, however, will never give up on us, and is always ready to come into our lives if we accept Him. In True Christianity 285, Swedenborg writes that God is always ready to keep His commandment with us, but we must use our free will to keep our commandment with Him. This is illustrated in a quote from Revelation 3:20: “Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and dine with him, and he with me.”

While this story is an example of a covenant with God described in the Old Testament of the Word, this relationship between God and His people (and, of course, with each one of us individually) is a theme throughout all of the Bible. The New Testament describes a new covenant that the Lord seeks to build with each of us.

In Swedenborg’s Writings we learn that the Philistines, whom the Israelites were battling, represent faith without charity. Both faith and charity are necessary to follow the Lord, and knowledge of what is right and true is not useful unless we apply it to our lives. If we don't apply it, this knowledge becomes sort of abstract, something that we remember but that isn't an ongoing part of our life. (See Arcana Coelestia 1197.)

Since Philistines represent knowledge without charity, perhaps this story is telling us that in order to keep our covenant with God, it is not enough to know what is required of us, what is written on the tables of stone. We must also act accordingly. When we both understand the commandments and practice them, then we are able to keep our covenant with God.

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Revelation 3:20

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20 Behold, I stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me.