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Hesekiel 18

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1 Och HERRENS ord kom till mig; han sade:

2 Vad orsak haven I till att bruka detta ordspråk i Israels land: »Fäderna äta sura druvor, och barnens tänder bliva ömma därav»?

3 Så sant jag lever, säger Herren, HERREN, I skolen ingen orsak mer hava att bruka detta ordspråk i Israel.

4 Se, alla själar äro mina, faderns själ såväl som sonens är min; den som syndar, han skall .

5 Om nu en man är rättfärdig och övar rätt och rättfärdighet,

6 om han icke håller offermåltid på bergen, ej heller upplyfter sina ögon till Israels hus' eländiga avgudar, om han icke skändar sin nästas hustru, ej heller kommer vid en kvinna under hennes orenhets tid,

7 om han icke förtrycker någon, utan giver tillbaka den pant han har fått för skuld, om han icke tager rov, utan giver sitt bröd åt den hungrige och kläder den nakne,

8 om han icke ockrar eller tager ränta, om han håller sin hand tillbaka från vad orätt är och fäller rätta domar människor emellan --

9 ja, om han så vandrar efter mina stadgar och håller mina rätter, i det att han gör vad redligt är, då är han rättfärdig och skall förvisso få leva, säger Herren, HERREN.

10 Men om han så föder en son som bliver en våldsverkare, vilken utgjuter blod eller gör allenast något av allt detta

11 som han själv icke gjorde, en som håller offermåltid på bergen, skändar sin nästas hustru,

12 förtrycker den arme och fattige, tager rov, icke giver pant tillbaka, upplyfter sina ögon till de eländiga avgudarna, bedriver vad styggeligt är,

13 ockrar och tager ränta -- skulle då denne få leva? Nej, han skall icke få leva, utan eftersom han bedriver sådana styggelser, skall han straffas med döden; hans blod skall komma över honom.

14 Och om sedan denne föder en son, vilken ser alla de synder som hans fader begår, och vid åsynen av dem själv tager sig till vara för att göra sådant,

15 en som icke håller offermåltid på bergen, icke upplyfter sina ögon till Israels hus' eländiga avgudar, icke skändar sin nästas hustru,

16 en som icke förtrycker någon, icke fordrar pant eller tager rov, utan giver sitt bröd åt den hungrige och kläder den nakne,

17 en som icke förgriper sig på den arme, ej heller ockrar eller tager ränta, utan gör efter mina rätter och vandrar efter mina stadgar, då skall denne icke genom sin faders missgärning, utan skall förvisso få leva.

18 Hans fader däremot, som begick våldsgärningar och rövade från sin broder och gjorde bland sina fränder det som icke var gott, se, han måste genom sin missgärning.

19 Huru kunnen I nu fråga: »Varför skulle icke sonen bära på sin faders missgärning?» Jo, sonen övade ju rätt och rättfärdighet och höll alla mina stadgar och gjorde efter dem; därför skall han förvisso få leva.

20 Den som syndar, han skall ; en son skall icke bära på sin faders missgärning, och en fader skall icke bära på sin sons missgärning. Över den rättfärdige skall hans rättfärdighet komma, och över den ogudaktige skall hans ogudaktighet komma.

21 Men om den ogudaktige omvänder sig från alla de synder som han har begått, och håller alla mina stadgar och övar rätt och rättfärdighet, då skall han förvisso leva och icke .

22 Ingen av de överträdelser han har begått skall du tillräknas honom; genom den rättfärdighet han har övat skall han få leva.

23 Menar du att jag har lust till den ogudaktiges död, säger Herren, HERREN, och icke fastmer därtill att han vänder om från sin väg och får leva?

24 Men om den rättfärdige vänder om från sin rättfärdighet och gör vad orätt är, alla sådana styggelser som den ogudaktige gör -- skulle han då få leva, om han gör så? Nej, intet av all den rättfärdighet han har övat skall då ihågkommas, utan genom den otrohet han har begått och den synd han har övat skall han .

25 Men nu sägen I: »Herrens väg är icke alltid densamma.» Hören då, I av Israels hus: Skulle verkligen min väg icke alltid vara densamma? Är det icke fastmer eder väg som icke alltid är densamma?

26 Om den rättfärdige vänder om från sin rättfärdighet och gör vad orätt är, så måste han till straff därför; genom det orätta som han gör måste han .

27 Men om den ogudaktige vänder om från den ogudaktighet som han har övat, och i stället övar rätt och rättfärdighet, då får han behålla sin själ vid liv.

28 Ja, eftersom han kom till insikt och vände om från alla de överträdelser han hade begått, skall han förvisso leva och icke .

29 Och ändå säga de av Israels hus: »Herrens väg är icke alltid densamma»! Skulle verkligen mina vägar icke alltid vara desamma, I av Israels hus? Är det icke fastmer eder väg som icke alltid är densamma?

30 Alltså: jag skall döma var och en av eder efter hans vägar, I av Israels hus, säger Herren, HERREN. Vänden om, ja, vänden eder bort ifrån alla edra överträdelser, för att eder missgärning icke må bliva eder till en stötesten.

31 Kasten bort ifrån eder alla de överträdelser som I haven begått, och skaffen eder ett nytt hjärta och en ny ande; ty icke viljen I väl , I av Israels hus?

32 Jag har ju ingen lust till någons död, säger Herren HERREN. Omvänden eder därför, så fån I leva.

   

From Swedenborg's Works

 

Arcana Coelestia #9857

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9857. 'And you shall make a breastplate of judgement' means that which has regard to Divine Truth shining forth from Divine Good. This is clear from the meaning of 'a breastplate' as Divine Truth shining forth from the Lord's Divine Good within last and lowest things, dealt with in 9823. It is called 'a breastplate of judgement' because it gave answers, and through these Divine Truth was revealed; furthermore Divine Truth, and therefore doctrinal teachings and a life in accord with them, is meant in the Word by 'judgement'. This then is why this breastplate is referred to as 'the breastplate of judgement', and also further on in this chapter as 'the judgement', in verse 30 - 'Aaron shall carry the judgement of the children of Israel over his heart before Jehovah continually'. And when Joshua was chosen to be leader of the people, it says that he was to stand before Eleazar the priest, who would inquire for him by the judgement of the Urim before Jehovah, Numbers 27:21.

[2] 'Judgement' means Divine Truth and intelligence springing from It, as a consequence of which it means religious teachings and a life in accord with them. This is clear from a large number of places in the Word, such as the following: In Isaiah,

The vineyard of Jehovah Zebaoth is the house of Israel. He looked for judgement, but behold, festering; for righteousness, but behold, a cry. Isaiah 5:7.

'Looking for judgement' means intelligence springing from Divine Truth, and a life in accord with the commandments. In the same prophet,

On the throne there sat in truthfulness, in the tabernacle of David, one who judges and seeks judgement. Isaiah 16:5.

This refers to the Lord's Coming. 'The throne' on which He is going to sit means Divine Truth that emanates from Him, and consequently means the spiritual kingdom, see 2129, 5313, 6397, 8625, 9039. 'Judging judgement' means teaching Divine Truth, and 'seeking judgement' people's acceptance of it.

[3] In the same prophet,

On that day Jehovah will be a tiara of beauty for the remnant of His people, and a spirit of judgement to him who sits in judgement. Isaiah 28:5-6.

'A tiara of beauty', when these words have reference to Jehovah, that is, the Lord, means Divine Intelligence, see above in 9827; and 'a spirit of judgement' means wisdom that springs from Divine Truth, 9818. 'To him who sits in judgement' means one who informs people about or teaches Divine Truth. In the same prophet,

Jehovah has filled Zion with judgement and righteousness. Isaiah 33:5.

'Zion' stands for the celestial Church, 'being filled with judgement' for intelligence that springs from Divine Truth, and 'being filled with righteousness' for wisdom that comes from Divine Good.

[4] In the same prophet,

Who has directed the Spirit of Jehovah? With whom did He deliberate, that He might make Him intelligent, and instruct Him in the way of judgement, and teach Him knowledge, and show Him the way of intelligence? Isaiah 40:13-14.

'The Spirit of Jehovah' means Divine Truth, 9818. 'Instructing Him in the way of judgement' self-evidently means making him knowledgeable, intelligent, and wise. In Jeremiah,

The stork in the sky knows her appointed times, but Jehovah's people do not know the judgement of Jehovah. How can you say, We are wise, and the law of Jehovah is with us? Jeremiah 8:7-8.

'Not knowing the judgement of Jehovah' stands for ignorance of Divine Truth, the source of wisdom; and this is why it says, 'How can you say, We are wise?'

[5] In the same prophet,

Woe to him who builds his house without righteousness, and his upper rooms without judgement! Jeremiah 22:13.

'Building upper rooms without judgement' stands for absorbing ideas that are not true. In Hosea,

I will betroth you to Me forever in righteousness and in judgement, and I will betroth you to Me in truth. Hosea 2:19-20.

'Betrothing in judgement' stands for joining by means of Divine Truth, thus by means of faith and the life of faith. In Amos,

Let judgement flow like water, and righteousness like a mighty torrent. Amos 5:24.

In the same prophet,

You have turned judgement into poison and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood. Amos 6:12.

Here also 'judgement' stands for intelligence that springs from Divine Truth, and for a life based on this.

[6] In Zephaniah,

Jehovah in the morning will bring His judgement to light. Zephaniah 3:5.

'Bringing judgement to light' stands for revealing Divine Truth. In Moses,

All the ways of Jehovah are judgement. Deuteronomy 32:4.

In David,

O Jehovah, Your truth reaches up to the skies, Your righteousness is like the mountains of God, Your judgements [like] the great abyss. Psalms 36:5-6.

In the same author,

Jehovah will bring forth your righteousness as the light, and your judgement as the noonday. Psalms 37:6.

In the same author,

Hear my voice according to Your mercy; O Jehovah, revive me according to Your judgements. Psalms 119:149.

In these places 'judgement' and 'judgements' stand for Divine Truth.

[7] In Luke,

Woe to you Pharisees! You pass by the judgement and the love of God. These you ought to have done. Luke 11:42.

'Passing by the judgement of God' stands for shunning Divine Truth, and 'passing by the love of God' for shunning Divine Good and a life inspired by them both. The fact that this life is also meant accounts for their being told, These you ought to have done. In Isaiah,

Jehovah Zebaoth will be exalted in judgement, and God will be made holy in righteousness. Isaiah 5:16.

In the same author,

... upon the throne of David to establish the kingdom in judgement and in righteousness, from now and even for evermore. Isaiah 9:7.

In the same author,

Give counsel, execute judgement, set your shade like the night in the middle of the day. Isaiah 16:3.

'Executing judgement' stands for acting in accordance with God's truth.

[8] In Jeremiah,

I will raise up for David a righteous branch, who will execute judgement and righteousness in the land. Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15.

In Ezekiel,

If a man has been righteous, one who has executed judgement and righteousness ... [if he] walks in My statutes, and keeps My judgements, to execute truth, he is righteous; he will surely live. Ezekiel 18:5, 9.

In Zephaniah,

Seek Jehovah, O all the meek of the earth, who have executed His judgement. Zephaniah 2:3.

'Executing God's judgement' stands for carrying out Divine Truth or acting in accord with it. In Isaiah,

I have put My Spirit upon Him; He will bring forth judgement to the nations. He will not quench nor will He break until He has set judgement on the earth. Isaiah 42:1, 4.

This refers to the Lord. 'Bringing forth judgement to the nations' and 'setting judgement on the earth' stand for teaching Divine Truth and establishing it in the Church.

[9] In the same prophet,

Law will go out from Me, and I will raise up My judgement to be the light of peoples. Isaiah 51:4.

'Judgement' stands for Divine Truth, 'to be the light of peoples' for to bring enlightenment. In John,

For judgement I came 1 into this world, that those who do not see may see, but those who see may become blind. John 9:39.

'Coming into the world for judgement' stands for coming to reveal Divine Truth, which gives people vision if the Lord is the source of their wisdom, but makes them blind if they themselves are the source of it and on account of this are reputed to be learned.

[10] In Jeremiah,

Swear by the living Jehovah, in truth, in judgement, and in righteousness. Jeremiah 4:2.

In the same prophet,

There is none judging judgement for healthiness; you have no restorative medicaments. Jeremiah 30:13.

In David,

Righteousness and judgement are the support of Your throne; mercy and truth will stand firm before Your face. Psalms 89:14.

'Righteousness' stands for the good that belongs to mercy, and 'judgement' for the truth that belongs to faith, which is why the expression 'mercy and truth' is also used. In Ezekiel,

Jerusalem has changed My judgements into wickedness more than the nations, and My statutes more than the lands. Therefore I will execute in you [My] judgements in the eyes of the nations, and I will scatter all your remnant. Ezekiel 5:6-8, 10, 15.

'Changing judgements' stands for altering truths as they exist in the civic state, these truths being meant by 'judgements' when 'statutes' are also mentioned, see 8972. But 'executing judgements' means passing judgement that points to death, which is damnation, or to life, which is salvation. Salvation or damnation is also meant by 'judgement' when the expression 'day of judgement' or 'hour of judgement' is used, for example in Matthew 11:22, 24; 12:36, 41-42; Luke 10:14; 11:31-32; John 5:28-29; Revelation 14:7; 18:10. The same thing is also meant by 'judgement' when judgement-making is referred to, for example in Matthew 5:21-22; 7:1-2; 23:14, 33; John 5:24, 26-27; 7:24; 8:15-16; 12:31, 47-48; Luke 6:37; 12:13-14, 56-57; 19:21-22; 20:47; 22:30; Mark 12:40; Isaiah 3:14; 41:1; Jeremiah 25:31; 48:21; Joel 3:12; Psalms 7:7-8; 9:4, 7-8; Leviticus 19:15; Deuteronomy 1:16-17; 25:1; Revelation 17:1; 18:10; 20:12-13.

Footnotes:

1. The Latin means I come but the Greek means I came, which Swedenborg Has in other places where he quotes this verse.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

From Swedenborg's Works

 

Arcana Coelestia #9039

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9039. 'Since he is his silver' means that which has been acquired from the self. This is clear from the meaning of 'silver' as truth, dealt with in 1551, 2954, 5658, 6112, 6914, 6917, at this point truth that has been acquired by the self since it refers to a slave who has been bought. The words 'truth that has been acquired by the self' describe that which a person believes to be the truth - even though it is not the truth - because he has drawn it from preconceptions adopted by the self. This is what truth is like with those who explain the Word without having been enlightened by the light of heaven, that is, who read it without an affection for truth for the sake of goodness of life, since they are unenlightened. If this truth is disposed of after full contemplation of it, there is no punishment of death, that is, no damnation, because it is not a spiritual Divine truth. But if it is disposed of before full contemplation, there is damnation, for it is a casting aside of the truth of faith itself. What has become part of anyone's faith, even though not the truth, must not be cast aside without full contemplation of it. If it is cast aside before this the tender beginnings of spiritual life in the person are rooted out. For this reason also the Lord never breaks this kind of truth with a person, but so far as is possible He bends it.

[2] Let an example serve to shed light on this. Take someone who believes that the glory and consequently the joy of heaven consist in domination over many, and who uses this accepted idea to explain the Lord's words which declare that the slaves who had earned ten minas and five minas were to have power over ten cities and over five cities, Luke 19:11-26, using also the Lord's words to the disciples, that they would sit on thrones and would judge the twelve tribes of Israel, Luke 22:30. If that person disposes of his faith, which is a belief in truth he has acquired from the literal sense of the Word, before full contemplation of it, he causes the loss of his spiritual life. But if after full contemplation he uses other words to explain what the Lord said - the Lord's words that whoever has the wish to be the greatest must be the least, and whoever has the wish to be the first must be the slave of all, Matthew 20:26-28; Mark 10:42-44; Luke 22:24-27 - then if he disposes of his belief that heavenly glory and joy come out of having dominion over many, he does not cause any loss of his spiritual life. For by 'the cities' over which those who had earned the mines were to have power are meant the truths of faith, 2268, 2449, 2712, 2943, 3216, and therefore intelligence and wisdom; and the same things are meant by 'the thrones' on which the disciples were going to sit, 2129, 6397.

[3] Those in heaven who by virtue of the truths of faith excel others in intelligence and wisdom are also so humble that they ascribe the whole of their power to the Lord and none whatever to themselves. Therefore they find no glory or joy at all in dominating, only in serving. And when this is their state they excel others in dominion, and also in glory and joy; but they do so not because of any wish to dominate, as has been stated, only because of a desire springing from love and charity, which is a desire to serve others. For the Lord flows in with power with those who are humble, but not with those who are haughty, because the humble accept His influx whereas the haughty reject it, 7489, 7491, 7492.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.