The Bible

 

1я Царств 24

Study

   

1 (24:2) Когда Саул возвратился от Филистимлян, его известили, говоря: вот, Давид в пустыне Ен-Гадди.

2 (24:3) И взял Саул три тысячи отборных мужей из всегоИзраиля и пошел искать Давида и людей его по горам, где живут серны.

3 (24:4) И пришел к загону овечьему, при дороге; там была пещера, и зашел туда Саул для нужды; Давид же и люди его сидели в глубине пещеры.

4 (24:5) И говорили Давиду люди его: вот день, о котором говорил тебе Господь: „вот, Я предам врага твоего в руки твои, и сделаешь с ним, что тебе угодно". Давид встал и тихонько отрезал край от верхнейодежды Саула.

5 (24:6) Но после сего больно стало сердцу Давида, что он отрезал край от одежды Саула.

6 (24:7) И сказал он людям своим: да не попустит мне Господь сделать это господину моему, помазаннику Господню, чтобы наложить руку мою на него, ибоон помазанник Господень.

7 (24:8) И удержал Давид людей своих сими словами и не дал им восстать на Саула. А Саул встал и вышел из пещеры на дорогу.

8 (24:9) Потом встал и Давид, и вышел из пещеры, и закричал вслед Саула, говоря: господин мой, царь! Саул оглянулся назад, и Давид пал лицем на землю и поклонился ему .

9 (24:10) И сказал Давид Саулу: зачем ты слушаешь речи людей, которые говорят: „вот, Давид умышляет зло на тебя"?

10 (24:11) Вот, сегодня видят глаза твои, что Господь предавал тебя нынев руки мои в пещере; и мне говорили, чтоб убить тебя; но я пощадил тебя и сказал: „не подниму руки моей на господина моего, ибо он помазанник Господа".

11 (24:12) Отец мой! посмотри на край одежды твоей в руке моей; я отрезал край одежды твоей, а тебя не убил: узнай и убедись, что нет в руке моей зла, ни коварства, и я не согрешил против тебя; а ты ищешь души моей, чтоб отнять ее.

12 (24:13) Да рассудит Господь между мною и тобою, и да отмстит тебе Господь за меня; но рука моя не будет на тебе,

13 (24:14) как говорит древняя притча: „от беззаконных исходит беззаконие". А рука моя не будет на тебе.

14 (24:15) Против кого вышел царь Израильский? За кем ты гоняешься? За мертвым псом, за одною блохою.

15 (24:16) Господь да будет судьею и рассудит между мною и тобою. Он рассмотрит, разберет дело мое, и спасет меня от руки твоей.

16 (24:17) Когда кончил Давид говорить слова сии к Саулу, Саул сказал: твой ли это голос, сын мой Давид? И возвысил Саул голос свой, и плакал,

17 (24:18) и сказал Давиду: ты правее меня, ибо ты воздал мне добром, а явоздавал тебе злом;

18 (24:19) ты показал это сегодня, поступив со мною милостиво, когда Господь предавал меня в руки твои, ты не убил меня.

19 (24:20) Кто, найдя врага своего, отпустил бы его в добрый путь? Господь воздаст тебе добром за то, что сделал ты мне сегодня.

20 (24:21) И теперь я знаю, что ты непременно будешь царствовать, и царство Израилево будет твердо в руке твоей.

21 (24:22) Итак поклянись мне Господом, что ты не искоренишь потомства моего после меня и не уничтожишь имени моего в доме отца моего.

22 (24:23) И поклялся Давид Саулу. И пошел Саул в дом свой, Давид же и люди его взошли в место укрепленное.

   

Commentary

 

Today

  

In Genesis 19:37; 21:26; 30:32; 40:7; Matthew 6:30; Luke 12:28, this signifies the perpetuity and eternity of a state. (Arcana Coelestia 2838)

In Psalm 2:7, this signifies in time; for with Jehovah the future is present. (True Christian Religion 101)

The expression 'even to this day' or 'today' sometimes appears in the Word, as in Genesis 19:37-38, 22:14, 26:33, 32:32, 35:20, and 47:26. In a historical sense, these expressions have respect to the time when Moses lived, but in an internal sense, 'this day' and 'today' signify the perpetuity and eternity of a state. 'Day' denotes state, and likewise 'today,' which is the current time. Anything related to time in the world is eternal in heaven, and to represent this, 'today' or 'to this day' is added. Although, in the historical sense, this appears as if the expressions only have a literal meaning, just like it says in other parts of the Word, such as Joshua 4:9, 6:25, 7:20, Judges 1:21, 26, etc. 'Today' means something perpetual and eternal in Psalms 2:7, 119:89-91, Jeremiah 1:5, 10, 18, Deuteronomy 29:9-14, Numbers 28:3, 23, Daniel 8:13, 11:31, 12:11, Exodus 16:4, 19, 20, 23, John 6:31, 32, 49, 50, 58, Matthew 6:11, and Luke 11:3.

(References: Arcana Coelestia 2838 [1-4], Genesis 47:26)

From Swedenborg's Works

 

Arcana Coelestia #2838

Study this Passage

  
/ 10837  
  

2838. 'As it is said today' means that which is perpetual. This is clear from the meaning of 'today' in the Word, dealt with below. One frequently reads in the Word the phrase 'even to this day (or today)', as in what has gone before,

He is the father of Moab even to this day, and the father of Ammon even to this day. Genesis 19:37-38; and in what appears later on,

The name of the city is Beersheba even to this day. Genesis 26:33; also,

The children of Israel do not eat the sinew of that which was displaced, which is on the hollow of the thigh, even to this day. Genesis 32:32; as well as,

This is the pillar of Rachel's grave even to [this] day. Genesis 35:20.

Joseph made it a statute even to this day. Genesis 47:26.

In the historical sense 'to this day' and 'today' refer to the time when Moses was alive, but in the internal sense these expressions mean perpetuity and eternity of state. 'Day' means state, see 23, 487, 488, 493, 893, and so therefore does 'today', which is the present time. That which in the world is temporal is in heaven eternal. To give the meaning of that which is eternal, the expression today or else to this day has been added, though to those who are aware only of the historical sense it does not appear to embody anything further. Similar usages of these expressions occur elsewhere in the Word, such as Joshua 4:9; 6:25; 7:26; Judges 1:21, 26; and in other places.

[2] That 'today' means that which is perpetual and eternal may be seen in David,

I will tell of the statute: Jehovah has said to me, You are My Son; today I have begotten You. Psalms 2:7.

Here 'today' plainly stands for that which is eternal. In the same author,

For ever, O Jehovah, Your Word is fixed in the heavens, Your truth to generation after generation. You have established the earth and it stands. As for Your judgements they stand [even] today. Psalms 119:89-91.

Here also 'today' plainly stands for that which is eternal. In Jeremiah,

Before I formed you in the belly, I knew you, and before you came out of the womb I consecrated you; I appointed you a prophet to the nations. I have set you this day (today) over nations and over kingdoms; and I have made you today into a fortified city, and into a pillar of iron, and into walls of bronze. Jeremiah 1:5, 10, 18.

This refers in the sense of the letter to Jeremiah, but in the internal sense the Lord is meant. 'I have set you this day (or today) over nations and over kingdoms, and I have made you today into a fortified city' means from eternity. In regard to the Lord one can only speak of that which is eternal.

[3] In Moses,

You are standing today, all of you, before Jehovah your God, so that you may enter into the covenant of Jehovah your God, and into His oath, which Jehovah your God is making with you today, that He may establish you today as a people for Himself, and that He will be God to you. Not indeed with you alone [do I make it], but with those who stand with us here today before Jehovah our God, and with those who are not with us today. Deuteronomy 29:10, 12-15.

Here in the sense of the letter 'today' means that present time when

Moses addressed the people. Yet it is clear that it nevertheless implies subsequent times and what is perpetual; for making a covenant with anyone, and with those who were there and with those who were not, implies that which is perpetual. Perpetuity itself is what is meant in the internal sense.

[4] That 'daily' and 'today' mean that which is perpetual is clear also from the sacrifice that was offered each day. This sacrifice, because of what is meant by day, daily, and today, was called the continual, or perpetual, sacrifice, Numbers 28:3, 23; Daniel 8:13; 11:31; 12:11. This may be even more plainly evident from the manna which rained from heaven, spoken of in Moses as follows,

Behold, I am causing bread to rain from heaven, and the people shall go out and gather a portion day by day. And they shall not leave any of it until the morning. That which they did leave until the morning bred worms and went rotten, except that gathered on the day before the Sabbath. Exodus 16:4, 19-20, 23.

This happened because 'the manna' meant the Lord's Divine Human, John 6:31-32, 49-50, 58, and because the Lord's Divine Human meant heavenly food, which is nothing other than love and charity, together with the goods and truths of faith. In heaven the Lord imparts this food to angels moment by moment, thus perpetually and eternally, see 2193. This is also what is meant in the Lord's Prayer by the petition, Give us today our daily bread, Matthew 6:11; Luke 11:3, that is, in every moment for evermore.

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.