Arcana Coelestia #51
51. As regards what the image is, an image is not a likeness but is 'according to a likeness'. Therefore it is said, 'Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness'. A spiritual man is an image, whereas a celestial man is a likeness or exact replica. The spiritual man is the subject in this present chapter, the celestial man in the next. The spiritual man, who is an image, is called by the Lord 'a son of light', as in John,
He who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going. While you have the light, believe in the light, that you may be sons of light. John 12:35-36.
He is also called 'a friend',
You are My friends if you do whatever I command you. John 15:14-15
The celestial man however, who is a likeness, is called 'a son of God', in John,
As many as received Him, to them He gave power to be sons of God, to those believing in His Name, who were born, not of blood, 1 nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. John 1:12-13.
Footnotes:
1. literally, of bloods
The New Jerusalem and its Heavenly Teachings #28
28. Will and Understanding
We have two abilities that make up our life, one called will and the other understanding. 1 They are distinguishable, but they are created to be one. When they are one, they are called the mind; so they are the human mind and it is there that all the life within us is truly to be found.
Footnotes:
1. The Latin words here translated "will" and "understanding" are voluntas and intellectus, respectively; the latter is also sometimes translated " intellect. " In Swedenborg's use, however, intellectus has a somewhat broader connotation than understanding or intellect has today, one more consonant with the use of the Latin word in the system of the Scholastics. For example, in the philosophy of the major figure of Scholastic thought, Thomas Aquinas (1224 or 1225-1274), which underlies the terminology of much of philosophical language up to and including Swedenborg's time, intellectus encompasses all of what we associate with the faculties of mind, not only the capacity to reason and understand, but the capacity to perceive ideas in the abstract, as well as the mind's ability to be aware of itself (Shallo 1923, 115-116). The complementarity of will and intellect is also something Swedenborg shares with Scholastic thought. For an overview of the relationship between the will and the intellect, see True Christianity 397; for a detailed and extensive account of their interaction as analogous to that of the heart and the lungs, see Divine Love and Wisdom 394-431. For discussion of the related term "intellectual truth," see note 1 in New Jerusalem 26 above. For further discussion of the will and the understanding, see note 1 in New Jerusalem 33 below. [GFD, RS, JSR]