Stretched out arm
A 'stretched out arm,' as in Exodus 6:6, signifies omnipotence or divine power, because 'an arm,' when stretched out in the heavens, represents power from the divine, but when not stretched out, but bended, it represents power in the general sense. This is why divine power is often shown in the Word as a stretched out arm or a strong hand.
(References: Arcana Coelestia 7205)
Israel
'The children of Israel,' in Isaiah 14:2, signify the Gentiles.
In Jeremiah 23:8, 'Israel' represents the spiritual natural church.
(References: Apocalypse Explained 768)