'To vex' or 'gall' someone signifies resistance by falsities.

In Exodus 22:21, the command not to exploit or vex sojourners signifies that people willing to be taught the truths and goods of faith are not to be infested by falsities and evils. (Arcana Coelestia 9196)

In Numbers 20:15, Moses's message to the king of Edom symbolizes a plea to people who despise and reject spiritual truths to change, and to accept people who have been "vexed by the Egyptians", i.e. infested by falsities in the memory, but are now being regenerated. (Arcana Coelestia 3322)

In Psalms 6:2, 3, 10, this signifies a prayer of the Lord to the Father when He was in the last state of temptations, even to despair, when relief came. (The Inner Meaning of the Prophets and Psalms 256)

In Matthew 15:22, this signifies being infested with spiritual disease, i.e., by evil spirits which induce the same. (Apocalypse Explained 815[5])

(References: Arcana Coelestia 6420)