These verses, the opening phrases of the Sermon on the Mount, hold some of the Bible’s most beautiful and best-loved poetry. Part of its beauty, though, lies in the fact that the meaning is not quite clear. What does it mean to be “poor in spirit”? What does it mean to “inherit the earth” or to be called “the children of God.” The fact that there are many possibilities causes us to linger over the phrases, pondering them.

Understood in the internal sense, these blessings show the spiritual states of the various people who could be receptive of the Lord and the new church he was launching. On a deeper level it shows that states within ourselves that can lead each of us to the Lord and to a deeper understanding of His truth today.

The “poor in spirit” are those who know little about spiritual things, but want to learn. Those that “mourn” are those who want to be good, but see no desire for good in their church. The “meek” are those who love to care for and serve others. To “hunger and thirst after righteousness” shows a desire to rise up, to learn about what’s good and to come to desire it.

The “merciful” are those who love their fellow people. The “pure in heart” are those who love only what is good. “Peacemakers” are those who are in harmony with the Lord, gaining knowledge from Him and wanting what He wants. And to be “persecuted for righteousness’ sake” means acting out of love and care for others, even though you are condemned by others for it.

There’s something of a progression there, from those who simply want to learn to those who actively want to be good people to those who actually are good and acting out of love for others. None of it, though, describes those who are learned in the Jewish traditions, or even necessarily observant in terms of ritual; they are, rather, those who sense that it is possible to be a good person and are willing to make the effort.

And they are promised their rewards! The “kingdom of heaven” is the understanding the angels have of the Lord; “comfort” represents ideas that lead to the good of life; “inheriting the earth” is a state of loving others and being loved by them in return. The overall message is simple: If we truly wish to be good people, and are willing to let the Lord teach us how to be good people, we will end up filled with love and wisdom from Him. And that’s what we need to focus on: The desire to be good, and openness to ideas from the Lord. It’s not about ritual and intellectual “correctness”; it’s about ideas that lead us to be good.

But what of being reviled and persecuted? This depicts temptation, when the hells attack our newborn good desires and true understanding. They cause us to doubt our ability to be truly good and question the ideas that are leading us. And they can do it in many ways, reminding us of the fun we’ll be missing or reminding us of all the bad things we’ve ever done to render us hopeless. They will even attack the Bible and the ideas that come to us through it from the Lord; that’s represented by the idea that people also attacked the prophets.

These states, however, are blessed in their own way; only by battling these evils, which are rooted inside us, can we finally fully embrace the good life we have been striving for. That’s why it is pictured last, and that's why it leads to the “great reward” in heaven.

6468. Before spirits recently arrived from the world are taught by angels they believe nothing other than this, that every trace of life exists essentially in a person himself and that there is nothing flowing into him. The reason for such belief is that people know nothing in particular about heaven, nor thus about influx from there. Spirits who are not good have no wish to be taught anything about these matters, for they want life to be intrinsically their own. I have often talked to them on this subject, and they have said that I have no life because they have heard me saying that my life did not originate with me and that I knew it from unceasing experience. But they had no wish to stop and think about this. Then I have been led to say that the life everyone has depends on the form his interiors take, the form he has acquired through willing and acting, thinking and speaking.

[2] After that I have talked to good spirits about the influx of life from the Lord. I have said that it flows into everyone, and that this is evident from heaven, in that heaven resembles a human being and is therefore called the Grand Man, which - together with the correspondence of everything in the human being with it - has been the subject at the ends of a number of chapters. I have said that none of this would be possible if life from the Lord did not flow into heaven in general and into each of its inhabitants in particular.

[3] That influx of life is also evident from the fact that the whole of heaven relates back to the Lord and that the Lord is the focal point there of everyone's gaze. Those in heaven look up, towards Him, whereas those in hell look downwards, away from Him; for the Lord is seen by those in heaven as the Sun, up above them there. I have said in addition that the receipt from the Lord of every trace of life is also evident from the ability of the human soul in the womb to form the body in so wondrous a fashion, to form its complex members and organs in such proper connection with one another, and its interiors in the image of heaven. The soul could not possibly do this unless all life came from the Lord and unless heaven was such as has been described.