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Genesis 22

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1 καί-C γίγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S μετά-P ὁ- A--APN ῥῆμα-N3M-APN οὗτος- D--APN ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM πειράζω-V1I-IAI3S ὁ- A--ASM *αβρααμ-N---ASM καί-C εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S πρός-P αὐτός- D--ASM *αβρααμ-N---VSM *αβρααμ-N---VSM ὁ- A--NSM δέ-X εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S ἰδού-I ἐγώ- P--NS

2 καί-C εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S λαμβάνω-VB--AAD2S ὁ- A--ASM υἱός-N2--ASM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--ASM ἀγαπητός-A1--ASM ὅς- --ASM ἀγαπάω-VAI-AAI2S ὁ- A--ASM *ισαακ-N---ASM καί-C πορεύομαι-VC--APD2S εἰς-P ὁ- A--ASF γῆ-N1--ASF ὁ- A--ASF ὑψηλός-A1--ASF καί-C ἀναφέρω-VA--AAD2S αὐτός- D--ASM ἐκεῖ-D εἰς-P ὁλοκάρπωσις-N3I-ASF ἐπί-P εἷς-A3--ASN ὁ- A--GPN ὄρος-N3E-GPN ὅς- --GPM ἄν-X σύ- P--DS εἶπον-VBI-AAS1S

3 ἀναἵστημι-VH--AAPNSM δέ-X *αβρααμ-N---NSM ὁ- A--ASN πρωΐ-D ἐπισάττω-VAI-AAI3S ὁ- A--ASF ὄνος-N2--ASF αὐτός- D--GSM παραλαμβάνω-VBI-AAI3S δέ-X μετά-P ἑαυτοῦ- D--GSM δύο-M παῖς-N3D-APM καί-C *ισαακ-N---ASM ὁ- A--ASM υἱός-N2--ASM αὐτός- D--GSM καί-C σχίζω-VA--AAPNSM ξύλον-N2N-APN εἰς-P ὁλοκάρπωσις-N3I-ASF ἀναἵστημι-VH--AAPNSM πορεύομαι-VCI-API3S καί-C ἔρχομαι-VBI-AAI3S ἐπί-P ὁ- A--ASM τόπος-N2--ASM ὅς- --ASM εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S αὐτός- D--DSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM

4 ὁ- A--DSF ἡμέρα-N1A-DSF ὁ- A--DSF τρίτος-A1--DSF καί-C ἀναβλέπω-VA--AAPNSM *αβρααμ-N---NSM ὁ- A--DPM ὀφθαλμός-N2--DPM ὁράω-VBI-AAI3S ὁ- A--ASM τόπος-N2--ASM μακρόθεν-D

5 καί-C εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S *αβρααμ-N---NSM ὁ- A--DPM παῖς-N3D-DPM αὐτός- D--GSM καταἵζω-VA--ADI2P αὐτός- D--GSM μετά-P ὁ- A--GSF ὄνος-N2--GSF ἐγώ- P--NS δέ-X καί-C ὁ- A--NSN παιδάριον-N2N-NSN διαἔρχομαι-VF--FMI1P ἕως-C ὧδε-D καί-C προςκυνέω-VA--AAPNPM ἀναστρέφω-VA--AAS1P πρός-P σύ- P--AP

6 λαμβάνω-VBI-AAI3S δέ-X *αβρααμ-N---NSM ὁ- A--APN ξύλον-N2N-APN ὁ- A--GSF ὁλοκάρπωσις-N3I-GSF καί-C ἐπιτίθημι-VAI-AAI3S *ισαακ-N---DSM ὁ- A--DSM υἱός-N2--DSM αὐτός- D--GSM λαμβάνω-VBI-AAI3S δέ-X καί-C ὁ- A--ASN πῦρ-N3--ASN μετά-P χείρ-N3--ASF καί-C ὁ- A--ASF μάχαιρα-N1A-ASF καί-C πορεύομαι-VCI-API3P ὁ- A--NPM δύο-M ἅμα-D

7 εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S δέ-X *ισαακ-N---NSM πρός-P *αβρααμ-N---ASM ὁ- A--ASM πατήρ-N3--ASM αὐτός- D--GSM εἶπον-VAI-AAI2S πατήρ-N3--VSM ὁ- A--NSM δέ-X εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S τίς- I--NSN εἰμί-V9--PAI3S τέκνον-N2N-VSN λέγω-V1--PAPNSM ἰδού-I ὁ- A--NSN πῦρ-N3--NSN καί-C ὁ- A--NPN ξύλον-N2N-NPN ποῦ-D εἰμί-V9--PAI3S ὁ- A--NSN πρόβατον-N2N-NSN ὁ- A--ASN εἰς-P ὁλοκάρπωσις-N3I-ASF

8 εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S δέ-X *αβρααμ-N---NSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM ὁράω-VF--FMI3S ἑαυτοῦ- D--DSM πρόβατον-N2N-ASN εἰς-P ὁλοκάρπωσις-N3I-ASF τέκνον-N2N-VSN πορεύομαι-VC--APPNPM δέ-X ἀμφότεροι-A1A-NPM ἅμα-D

9 ἔρχομαι-VBI-AAI3P ἐπί-P ὁ- A--ASM τόπος-N2--ASM ὅς- --ASM εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S αὐτός- D--DSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM καί-C οἰκοδομέω-VAI-AAI3S ἐκεῖ-D *αβρααμ-N---NSM θυσιαστήριον-N2N-ASN καί-C ἐπιτίθημι-VAI-AAI3S ὁ- A--APN ξύλον-N2N-APN καί-C συνποδίζω-VA--AAPNSM *ισαακ-N---ASM ὁ- A--ASM υἱός-N2--ASM αὐτός- D--GSM ἐπιτίθημι-VAI-AAI3S αὐτός- D--ASM ἐπί-P ὁ- A--ASN θυσιαστήριον-N2N-ASN ἐπάνω-P ὁ- A--GPN ξύλον-N2N-GPN

10 καί-C ἐκτείνω-VAI-AAI3S *αβρααμ-N---NSM ὁ- A--ASF χείρ-N3--ASF αὐτός- D--GSM λαμβάνω-VB--AAN ὁ- A--ASF μάχαιρα-N1A-ASF σφάζω-VA--AAN ὁ- A--ASM υἱός-N2--ASM αὐτός- D--GSM

11 καί-C καλέω-VAI-AAI3S αὐτός- D--ASM ἄγγελος-N2--NSM κύριος-N2--GSM ἐκ-P ὁ- A--GSM οὐρανός-N2--GSM καί-C εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S αὐτός- D--DSM *αβρααμ-N---DSM *αβρααμ-N---VSM ὁ- A--NSM δέ-X εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S ἰδού-I ἐγώ- P--NS

12 καί-C εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S μή-D ἐπιβάλλω-VB--AAS2S ὁ- A--ASF χείρ-N3--ASF σύ- P--GS ἐπί-P ὁ- A--ASN παιδάριον-N2N-ASN μηδέ-C ποιέω-VA--AAS2S αὐτός- D--DSM μηδείς-A3P-ASN νῦν-D γάρ-X γιγνώσκω-VZI-AAI1S ὅτι-C φοβέω-V2--PMI2S ὁ- A--ASM θεός-N2--ASM σύ- P--NS καί-C οὐ-D φείδομαι-VAI-AMI2S ὁ- A--GSM υἱός-N2--GSM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--GSM ἀγαπητός-A1--GSM διά-P ἐγώ- P--AS

13 καί-C ἀναβλέπω-VA--AAPNSM *αβρααμ-N---NSM ὁ- A--DPM ὀφθαλμός-N2--DPM αὐτός- D--GSM ὁράω-VBI-AAI3S καί-C ἰδού-I κριός-N2--NSM εἷς-A3--NSM καταἔχω-V1--PMPNSM ἐν-P φυτόν-N2N-DSN σαβεκ-N----S ὁ- A--GPN κέρας-N3T-GPN καί-C πορεύομαι-VCI-API3S *αβρααμ-N---NSM καί-C λαμβάνω-VBI-AAI3S ὁ- A--ASM κριός-N2--ASM καί-C ἀναφέρω-VAI-AAI3S αὐτός- D--ASM εἰς-P ὁλοκάρπωσις-N3I-ASF ἀντί-P *ισαακ-N---GSM ὁ- A--GSM υἱός-N2--GSM αὐτός- D--GSM

14 καί-C καλέω-VAI-AAI3S *αβρααμ-N---NSM ὁ- A--ASN ὄνομα-N3M-ASN ὁ- A--GSM τόπος-N2--GSM ἐκεῖνος- D--GSM κύριος-N2--NSM ὁράω-VBI-AAI3S ἵνα-C εἶπον-VBI-AAS3P σήμερον-D ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSN ὄρος-N3E-DSN κύριος-N2--NSM ὁράω-VVI-API3S

15 καί-C καλέω-VAI-AAI3S ἄγγελος-N2--NSM κύριος-N2--GSM ὁ- A--ASM *αβρααμ-N---ASM δεύτερος-A1A-ASN ἐκ-P ὁ- A--GSM οὐρανός-N2--GSM

16 λέγω-V1--PAPNSM κατά-P ἐμαυτοῦ- D--GSM ὄμνυμι-VAI-AAI1S λέγω-V1--PAI3S κύριος-N2--NSM ὅς- --GSM εἵνεκεν-P ποιέω-VAI-AAI2S ὁ- A--ASN ῥῆμα-N3M-ASN οὗτος- D--ASN καί-C οὐ-D φείδομαι-VAI-AMI2S ὁ- A--GSM υἱός-N2--GSM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--GSM ἀγαπητός-A1--GSM διά-P ἐγώ- P--AS

17 ἦ-D μήν-X εὐλογέω-V2--PAPNSM εὐλογέω-VF--FAI1S σύ- P--AS καί-C πληθύνω-V1--PAPNSM πληθύνω-VF2-FAI1S ὁ- A--ASN σπέρμα-N3M-ASN σύ- P--GS ὡς-C ὁ- A--APM ἀστήρ-N3--APM ὁ- A--GSM οὐρανός-N2--GSM καί-C ὡς-C ὁ- A--ASF ἄμμος-N2--ASF ὁ- A--ASF παρά-P ὁ- A--ASN χεῖλος-N3E-ASN ὁ- A--GSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF καί-C κληρονομέω-VF--FAI3S ὁ- A--NSN σπέρμα-N3M-NSN σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--APF πόλις-N3I-NPF ὁ- A--GPM ὑπεναντίος-A1A-GPM

18 καί-C ἐνεὐλογέω-VC--FPI3P ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSN σπέρμα-N3M-DSN σύ- P--GS πᾶς-A3--NPN ὁ- A--NPN ἔθνος-N3E-NPN ὁ- A--GSF γῆ-N1--GSF ἀντί-P ὅς- --GPM ὑποἀκούω-VAI-AAI2S ὁ- A--GSF ἐμός-A1--GSF φωνή-N1--GSF

19 ἀποστρέφω-VDI-API3S δέ-X *αβρααμ-N---NSM πρός-P ὁ- A--APM παῖς-N3D-APM αὐτός- D--GSM καί-C ἀναἵστημι-VH--AAPNPM πορεύομαι-VCI-API3P ἅμα-D ἐπί-P ὁ- A--ASN φρέαρ-N3T-ASN ὁ- A--GSM ὅρκος-N2--GSM καί-C καταοἰκέω-VAI-AAI3S *αβρααμ-N---NSM ἐπί-P ὁ- A--DSN φρέαρ-N3T-DSN ὁ- A--GSM ὅρκος-N2--GSM

20 γίγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S δέ-X μετά-P ὁ- A--APN ῥῆμα-N3M-APN οὗτος- D--APN καί-C ἀναἀγγέλλω-VDI-API3S ὁ- A--DSM *αβρααμ-N---DSM λέγω-V1--PAPNPM ἰδού-I τίκτω-VX--XAI3S *μελχα-N---NSF καί-C αὐτός- D--NSF υἱός-N2--APM *ναχωρ-N---DSM ὁ- A--DSM ἀδελφός-N2--DSM σύ- P--GS

21 ὁ- A--ASM *ωξ-N---ASN πρωτότοκος-A1B-ASM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *βαυξ-N---ASM ἀδελφός-N2--ASM αὐτός- D--GSM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *καμουηλ-N---ASM πατήρ-N3--ASM *σύρος-N2--GPM

22 καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *χασαδ-N---ASM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *αζαυ-N---ASM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *φαλδας-N---ASM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *ιεδλαφ-N---ASM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *βαθουηλ-N---ASM

23 καί-C *βαθουηλ-N---NSM γεννάω-VAI-AAI3S ὁ- A--ASF *ρεβεκκα-N---ASF ὀκτώ-M οὗτος- D--NPM υἱός-N2--NPM ὅς- --APM τίκτω-VBI-AAI3S *μελχα-N---NSF ὁ- A--DSM *ναχωρ-N---DSM ὁ- A--DSM ἀδελφός-N2--DSM *αβρααμ-N---GSM

24 καί-C ὁ- A--NSF παλλακή-N1--NSF αὐτός- D--GSM ὅς- --DSF ὄνομα-N3M-NSN *ρεημα-N---NSF τίκτω-VBI-AAI3S καί-C αὐτός- D--NSF ὁ- A--ASM *ταβεκ-N---ASM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *γααμ-N---ASM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *τοχος-N---ASM καί-C ὁ- A--ASM *μωχα-N---ASM

   

Commentary

 

Prophecies About Jesus

By New Christian Bible Study Staff
By Meister des Ludwig-Psalters [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons. Currently at Bibliothèque Nationale de France.

For Christians, Christmas time is one of the most sacred, most joyous celebrations of the year. What about for people who are thinking about it, but who aren't sure about the whole "reason for the season"? What do we really know about what happened in Judea, 2000 years ago?

We're going to try to approach this topic from a neutral standpoint, and see where that leads us.

It's well-established that Jesus existed. He was physically, historically real. There is voluminous evidence from Christian sources, of course. Jesus Christ was also mentioned in non-Christian historical documents that have survived from that period. He's referred to twice by Josephus, the Jewish historian, in his work "Antiquities of the Jews" published in 93-94 AD. Tacitus, the Roman historian, writing in around 116 AD, also refers to "Christus" being put to death by the Romans under Pontius Pilate.

Was Jesus special? Even skeptics would need to wonder why and how this man from a small village in Galilee could launch a religion which would become the biggest, most influential one for at least the next two millennia of human history.

One of the intriguing things about Jesus is that his birth and life seem to have fulfilled prophecies from the Old Testament, which date back to the time of Moses - at least 1500 years BC, and to far older stories in an oral tradition. Those prophecies existed in texts written long before the Christian Era started.

What were some of those prophecies? There are many of them! Swedenborg lists some in Doctrine of the Lord 6. In this article, we're just going to focus on a few of them.

In this very early prophecy, it's indicated that the Messiah would be born as the son of a woman:

"And Jehovah God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, cursed art thou above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life, and I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed: he shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. Genesis 3:14-15. This is confirmed in the story in Matthew 1:20.

In Micah, much later in the Bible, we read that the Messiah would be born in Bethlehem, in Judea:

"But thou, Beth-lehem Ephrathah, which art little to be among the thousands of Judah, out of thee shall one come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth are from of old, from everlasting." Micah 5:2.

This is confirmed in the story in Matthew 2:1, and Luke 2:4-6.

In Isaiah, we read that the Messiah would be born to a virgin:

"Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign: behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel." Isaiah 7:14. This is confirmed in the story in Matthew 1:22-23, and in Luke 1:26-31.

Lineage was an important factor, too. At least 5 forefathers of the promised Savior are named. First, he was prophesied to come from the line of Abraham, the progenitor of many of the peoples of the modern Middle East, including the Jews, the Arabs, the Lebanese, the Druze, and others. See Genesis 12:3, and Genesis 22:18. This prophecy is confirmed in Matthew 1:1, and Romans 9:5.

In the next generation, prophecy stated that the Savior would be descended from the line of Isaac, one of Abraham's two sons. See Genesis 17:19, and Genesis 21:12. This is confirmed in Luke 3:34.

For the third generation, the Word states that the Messiah would be a descendant of Jacob. It's prophesied in Numbers 24:17, and confirmed in Matthew 1:2.

For the fourth generation, attention focuses on the tribe of Judah, who was one of the twelve sons of Jacob (whose name was changed to Israel). See Genesis 49:10, and then Luke 3:33, and Hebrews 7:14.

Many generations later, in the second book of Samuel, and again in Isaiah, there are prophecies that the Messiah would be heir to King David's throne. Read 2 Samuel 7:12-13, and Isaiah 9:7. Then see Luke 1:32-33, and Romans 1:3.

There are many more prophecies, and we will look at more of them in a future article. But, to summarize these ones that we've just listed, what would Old Testament readers in the time of Caesar Augustus be expecting?

In Bethlehem, a virgin would bear a son. He would be descended from Abraham, through the line of Isaac, Jacob, Judah, and David. That's the way the story runs, in the Gospels.

It's clear that the Old Testament wasn't altered to suit the "facts on the ground". The prophecies are already there in pre-Christian scrolls. That leaves two possibilities:

1) Scenario A: The New Testament could have been written to twist the facts to match the old prophecies. Faithful Jews were awaiting the Messiah; they would have wanted to find matching stories. In this scenario, Jesus could have been just a regular man, but a standout leader and teacher and healer. He was so inspiring that his apostles endured hardship and death to spread what became a global religion. The stories about him were exaggerated or modified to help match the prophecies.

2) Scenario B: The Old Testament text contains deep inner meaning, and its prophecies were actually prophetic and true. The facts of Jesus' birth and life and ministry actually did match and fulfull the prophecies. In this scenario, Jesus was truly a miracle baby.

Which scenario is right? In both, there's a recognition that the teachings of Jesus contained wisdom, and that there is great value in them. In New Christian thought, the choice is for Scenario B -- that Jesus really was the Christ, the long-awaited Messiah, or Savior.

This of course requires some level of belief in miracles - prophecy, fulfillment, the virgin birth, angels bearing tidings, healings, feeding the multitudes. Can miracles really happen? Is it scientifically possible? Maybe they can... maybe as science advances, we will begin to understand those boundaries better.

At some level, don't most of us believe in miracles -- in the miracle of the very existence of the universe, and of living organisms that can reproduce, and of human life, and of love?

How to end this article? The whole subject of miracles needs more thought. And, here it is, December 22, and... instead of getting more analytical, I find that right now I just want to "be" in the holy days of Christmas.

If you're feeling skeptical, have a look at Arcana Coelestia 2568, and Arcana Coelestia 2588. They offer an interesting perspective!

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One source for this article was "100 Prophecies Fulfilled by Jesus: Messianic Prophecies Made Before the Birth of Christ", by Rose Publishing.

(References: Teachings about the Lord 6)

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