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Arcana Caelestia #2135

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2135. Första Moseboken, Kapitel 18

Del 3 (2135–2893), Första Moseboken 18–22

Swedenborgs inledande företal – fortsättning.

Kapitlen 16–21 publicerades separat, och därför hör detta förord endast till kapitel 18. Red.

Vid slutet av föregående kapitel handlade det om Yttersta Domen, och det visades där vad som menas med denna – inte världens undergång, utan Kyrkans sista tid. När den förestår, säger Herren att Han skall komma i himlens skyar med makt och härlighet, Matteus 24:30; Markus 13:26; Lukas 21:27.

Ingen har hittills vetat vad som förstås med ’himlens skyar’, men för mig har det uppenbarats att med detta inte förstås annat än bokstavsmeningen i Ordet. Ty den invärtes meningen av Ordet inrymmer härligheten, eftersom allt i den handlar om Herren och Hans rike, se del 1, i nr 17691772. Något liknande betecknas med ’skyn’ eller ’molnet’, som omgav Petrus, Jakob och Johannes, när Herren uppenbarade Sig för dem i härlighet, varom det heter hos Lukas:

En röst hördes ur molnet: Detta är Min älskade Son. Lyssna till Honom! Men när rösten förtonat, stod Jesus där ensam.

Lukas 9:35-36.

Mose och Elia, som talade med Herren, förebildade där det Gamla Testamentets Ord, som också kallas Mose och Profeterna – med Mose hans böcker, ävensom de historiska, med ’profeten Elia’ alla profeterna. Med Petrus, Jakob och Johannes förebildades emellertid – såsom överallt annorstädes där de omnämns i evangelierna – tron och människokärleken samt det goda som är ett utflöde av människokärleken. Och med att endast de var närvarande vid detta tillfälle betecknades att inga andra kan se den Herrens härlighet, som finns i Hans Ord, än de hos vilka finns tro, trons människokärlek, och dess goda. Alla de andra kan väl också se, men de ser ändå inte, därför att de inte tror. Sådan är den invärtes meningen av dessa två ställen. Överallt hos profeterna förstås med ’sky’ eller ’moln’ Ordet i dess bokstav, och med ’härlighet’ Ordet i dess liv. Vad och hurdant Ordets invärtes mening är har berörts på många ställen och förklarats i anslutning till de enskilda orden. De skriftlärde var de som på Herrens tid allra minst trodde att det i Ordet fanns något skrivet om Herren. Våra dagars skriftlärde vet väl att så är fallet, men torde kanske minst av alla tro att någon annan härlighet finns i Ordet än den som kommer till synes i bokstaven – fastän bokstaven i själva verket är skyn, som härligheten innebor i.

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Av detta kapitel framför allt kan man få klart för sig, hur den invärtes meningen i Ordet är beskaffad, och hur änglarna uppfattar Ordet när det läses av människan. Av den historiska bokstavsbetydelsen förstår man inte annat än att Jehovah visade sig för Abraham i gestalten av tre män och att Sarah, Abraham och hans tjänare lagade till mat för dem, nämligen kakor av finsiktat vetemjöl, en kalv och också smör och mjölk. Fast det är en historiskt sann skildring av vad som verkligen ägde rum, så uppfattas det inte på detta historiska sätt av änglarna. I stället förnimmer änglarna abstrakt, helt bortsett från bokstaven, det som förebildas och betecknas i andlig mening med sådana beskrivningar. Detta vill med andra ord säga att de förnimmer det så som det framställs nedan i Innehållet. I stället för olika historiska omständigheter som återges i detta kapitel förnimmer de tillståndet av Herrens förnimmelse i sitt Mänskliga, och också förbindelsen vid denna tid med det Gudomliga, innan den fullkomliga föreningen existerade av Hans Gudomliga Väsen med det Mänskliga och av Hans Mänskliga Väsen med Hans Gudomliga Väsen. Det är detta tillstånd som Herren avser när Han säger:

Ingen har någonsin sett Gud. Den Enfödde Sonen som är i Faderns sköte, Han har gjort Honom känd. Johan 1:18.

[2] Inte heller uppfattar änglarna de olika sorternas föda som omnämns i detta kapitel annat än som himmelsk och andlig godhet, som det ges en detaljerad förklaring över i detta kapitel. Och av vad som vidare sägs i kapitlet om en son som Sarah skulle föda på bestämd tid följande år förstår änglarna inte något annat än att Herrens mänskliga förnuftiga skulle bli Gudomligt. Om vad som anförs vid slutet av kapitlet om att Abraham talade med Jehovah om förstörelsen av Sodom och Gomorra förstår de inte något annat än Herrens medling för människosläktet. Med talen femtio, fyrtiofem, fyrtio, trettio, tjugo och tio förstår de Hans medling för dem hos vilka sanningar skulle vara förbundna med olika slag av godhet och för dem vilka hade olika slag av godhet genom frestelser och strider, eller genom andra tillstånd. Och deras uppfattning är densamma vad gäller allt annat i Ordet, vilket torde framgå än tydligare av förklaringen av de enskilda orden, där det visas att dylikt inbegrips i vartenda uttryck i Ordet, såväl i den historiska delen som i den profetiska delen.

[3] Att en sådan invärtes mening finns överallt i Ordet, vilken handlar blott om Herren, om Hans rike i himlen, om Hans Kyrka på jorden och särskilt om varje individ, och alltså handlar om de olika slag av godhet som hör till kärleken och de olika slag av sanning som hör till tron, torde också för var och en stå klart av det som citeras från Gamla Testamentets text i evangelierna, såsom hos Matteus:

Herren sade till Min Herre: Sätt Dig vid Min högra hand, till dess Jag lägger Dina fiender Dig till fotapall. Matteus 22:44; Psaltaren 110:1.

Att dessa ord syftar på Herren kan man inte utläsa av bokstavsmeningen på det anförda stället hos David. Men att likväl inte någon annan avses än Herren lär Han Själv på här citerade ställe hos Matteus.

[4] I samma evangelium:

Du Betlehem i Juda land är ingalunda ringast bland hövdingar i Juda, ty från dig skall komma en hövding, en herde för Mitt folk Israel. Matteus 2:6; Mika 5:2.

De som klänger sig fast vid bokstavsmeningen, såsom judarna gör, vet väl av denna att Herren skulle födas där. Men eftersom de väntar på en anförare och konung, som skall föra dem tillbaka till landet Kanaan, så förklarar de därför dessa ord efter bokstaven. Det vill säga att de med ’Juda land’ förstår landet Kanaan och med ’Mitt folk Israel’ Israels stammar, trots att de inte vet var de senare nu finns. Och med ’anföraren’ avser de ännu sin Messias. Men egentligen förstås med ’Juda’ och ’Israel’ annat än Juda och Israel – med ’Juda’ de som är himmelska och med ’Israel’ de som är andliga, i himlen och på jorden. Och med ’anföraren’ förstås Herren.

[5] I samma evangelium:

I Rama hördes en röst, gråt och högljudd klagan och mycken jämmer. Rakel begråter sina barn, hon låter inte trösta sig, ty de finns inte till. Matteus 2:18; Jeremia 31:15.

De som begränsar sig till bokstavsmeningen kan omöjligen fatta den mening som är den invärtes i dessa ord. Förekomsten av en dylik mening framstår emellertid tydligt i evangeliet självt. I samma evangelium:

Ut ur Egypten kallade Jag Min Son. Matteus 2:15; Hosea 11:1.

Hos Hosea heter det:

När Israel var pojke, älskade Jag honom, och ut ur Egypten kallade Jag Min Son. Ju mer de kallade på dem, desto mer drog de sig undan från deras åsyn. Och Jag lärde Efraim att gå. Hosea 11:13.

De som inte känner till att det finns en invärtes mening kan inte veta annat än att Jakob avses här när han drog in i Egypten, och hans efterkommande när de drog ut därifrån, och att med ’Efraim’ förstås Efraims stam, således detsamma som förekommer i de historiska delarna av Ordet. Av evangelistens Ord är det emellertid fullt klart att de betecknar Herren, men vad varje detalj står för skulle man omöjligen kunna veta, om det inte avslöjades med hjälp av den invärtes meningen.

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Arcana Coelestia #10528

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10528. 'And I will send an angel before you' means that which is Divine and the Lord's, from which the Church and its worship spring. This is clear from the meaning of 'an angel' in the highest sense as the Lord's Divine Human, and in the relative sense as that which is Divine and the Lord's in heaven among angels, and also in the Church among people on earth, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'sending before you' as preparing. For the meaning of 'an angel' in the highest sense as the Lord's Divine Human, see 1925, 3039, 6280, 6831, 9303, and in the relative sense as that which is Divine and the Lord's in heaven among angels, 1925, 2821, 4085, 6831, 8192. And from this it follows that 'an angel' also means that which is Divine and the Lord's among people on earth who receive it. For those people who have within themselves from the Lord the good of love to Him and the truths of faith in Him become angels after death; and those who become angels are also inwardly such while they live in the world. This is why John the Baptist is called 'an angel' in the Word, as in Luke,

This is he of whom it is written, Behold, I send My angel 1 before Your face, who will prepare Your way before You. Luke 7:27.

And the fact that 'angel' in this declaration means that which was Divine and the Lord's with him is evident in Malachi,

Behold, I send My angel, who will prepare the way before Me. And suddenly there will come to His temple the Lord whom you are seeking, and the angel of the covenant in whom you delight. Malachi 3:1.

The reason why that which is Divine and the Lord's is meant by 'angel' in this instance is that John the Baptist represented the Lord in respect of the Word, as did Elijah, and the Word is Divine Truth that comes from the Lord. (For Elijah, that he represented the Word, see Preface to Genesis 18, and 2762, 5247(end); and that John the Baptist did so, 9372.) And it is because the Lord's Divine Human is meant in the highest sense by 'angel' that the words 'there will come to His temple the Lord, and the angel of the covenant' are used. 'The temple' is His Divine Human, as is evident in John 2:18-23. Both expressions - 'the Lord' and 'the angel' - are used because He is called 'the Lord' on account of Divine Good and 'the angel' on account of Divine Truth. And it is because Jehovah in the Word is the Lord Himself that it says, 'I send My angel, who will prepare the way before Me', this being said by Jehovah.

Fotnoter:

1. English versions of the Scriptures use the word messenger, the primary meaning of the Hebrew, Greek, or Latin word otherwise rendered angel.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia #5247

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5247. 'And he clipped [his hair and beard]' means a casting aside and the change made so far as the coverings of the exterior natural were concerned. This is clear from the meaning of 'clipping' - that is, clipping the head and beard - as casting aside the coverings of the exterior natural. For 'hair' which was clipped means the exterior natural, see 3301. Also, both hair on the head and that composing the beard correspond in the Grand Man to the exterior natural. This explains why in the light of heaven sensory-minded people - that is, those who have had no belief in anything apart from that which is natural, and have had no desire to understand how anything more internal or purer can exist apart from that which they can perceive with their senses - have a hairy appearance in the next life. They look so hairy that their faces are scarcely anything else than hairy beards. I have seen faces covered with hair like these on many occasions. But rationally-minded people, that is, spiritually-minded ones, with whom the natural has played a correctly subordinate role, are seen with tidy hair. Indeed from the state of people's hair in the next life one can tell what the natural with them is like. The reason spirits appear with hair on their heads is that in the next life spirits look exactly like people on earth. This too is why the Word sometimes includes a description of the hair of the angels people have seen.

[2] From all this one may now see what is meant by 'clipping', as in Ezekiel,

The priests the Levites, the sons of Zadok, shall put off their garments in which they have been ministering and lay them in the holy chambers, and they shall put on other garments, and they shall not sanctify the people in their own garments. And they shall not shave their head and shall not let their hair grow long; they shall surely clip their heads. Ezekiel 44:15, 19-20.

This refers to a new Temple and a new priesthood, that is, to a new Church. 'Putting on other garments' means holy truths; 'not shaving their head, and not letting their hair grow long, but surely clipping their heads' means not casting aside the natural but taking measures to make it conformable, and so to make it subordinate. Anyone who believes that the Word is indeed holy can see that these and all the other details mentioned by the prophet which describe a new land, a new city, and a new Temple and priesthood must not be taken literally. The statement, for example, that the priests the Levites, the sons of Zadok, will minister there, at which time they will put off their ministerial garments and put on new ones, and will also clip their heads, is not meant literally; rather, each and all the details given by the prophet have as their meaning such things as are aspects of a new Church.

[3] The following rules were laid down for the high priest, the sons of Aaron, and the Levites, in Moses,

The priest who is chief among his brothers, on whose head the anointing oil has been poured and who has been consecrated 1 to wear the garments, shall not shave his head or rend his garments. Leviticus 21:10.

The sons of Aaron shall not introduce any baldness on their head or shave the corner of their beard. They shall be holy to their God, and they shall not profane the name of their God. Leviticus 21:5-6.

You shall purify the Levites like this: Sprinkle over them the water of expiation, and they shall pass a razor over their flesh and wash their garments, and they shall be pure. Numbers 8:7.

These rules would never have been given unless they had held holy ideas within them. Can there be anything holy or anything of the Church in the actual rule forbidding the high priest to shave his head or rend his garments, or in the actual rule forbidding the sons of Levi to introduce any baldness on their head or shave the corner of their beard, or in that commanding the Levites to shave their flesh with a razor when they underwent purification? Rather, the possession of an external or natural man made subordinate to the internal or spiritual man, both of which have thereby been made subordinate to the Divine, is the holy idea within those rules; and it is also what angels perceive when man reads about them in the Word.

[4] The same goes for what is said about a Nazirite who was holy to Jehovah. If someone next to him happened to die suddenly and so defile his consecrated head, the Nazirite was required to clip his head on the day of his cleansing; on the seventh day he had to clip it. On the day that the days of his Naziriteship were completed he had to clip his consecrated head at the door of the Tent of Meeting and to take the hair from his head and put it on the fire which was under the sacrifice of peace offerings, Numbers 6:8, 9, 13, 18. For the meaning of a Nazirite and what aspect of holiness he represented, see 3301. No one can possibly understand why anything holy existed within the Nazirite's hair unless he knows from correspondence what is meant by 'the hair' and from this what aspect of holiness a Nazirite's hair corresponded to. Nor can anyone likewise understand how the source of Samson's strength lay in his hair, which he told Delilah about in the following description,

No razor has come upon my head, for I have been a Nazirite of God from my mother's womb. If I am shaved, my strength will depart from me, and I shall become weak and be like anyone else. And Delilah called a man who shaved off the seven locks of his hair; and his strength departed from him. After that, when the hair on his head began to grow, even as it had been shaved off, his strength returned to him. Judges 16:17, 19, 22.

Without any knowledge of correspondence who can see that the Lord's Divine Natural was represented by 'a Nazirite', or that 'Naziriteship' had no other meaning than this, or that Samson's strength was due to that representation?

[5] Anyone who does not know, and more so one who does not believe that the Word has an internal sense, and that the sense of the letter serves to represent the real things contained in the internal sense, will recognize scarcely anything holy at all in these matters, when in fact the greatest holiness lies within them. Anyone who does not know, and more so one who does not believe that the Word has an internal sense that is intrinsically holy cannot know what the following texts enfold within them: In Jeremiah,

Truth has perished and has been cut off from their mouth. Cut off the hair of your Naziriteship and throw it away. Jeremiah 7:28-29.

In Isaiah,

On that day the Lord will shave by means of a razor hired at the crossing-places of the River - by means of the king of Asshur - the head and the hair of the feet; and it will consume the beard also. Isaiah 7:20.

In Micah,

Make yourself bald, and shave your head for the children of your delight; extend your baldness like an eagle, for they have departed from you. Micah 1:16.

Nor will anyone know the aspect of holiness contained in the reference to Elijah's being a man covered with hair, who wore a skin girdle around his loins, 2 Kings 1:8. Nor will he know why the children who called Elisha baldhead were torn apart by the bears out of the forest, 2 Kings 2:23-24.

[6] Both Elijah and Elisha represented the Lord as to the Word, and so represented the Word itself, specifically the prophetical part, see Preface to Genesis 18, and 2762. Being covered with hair and having a skin girdle meant the literal sense, 'a man covered with hair' meaning that sense so far as truths were concerned, 'wearing a skin girdle around his loins' so far as forms of good were concerned. For the literal sense is the natural sense of the Word since it employs ideas formed from things that exist in the world, whereas the internal sense is the spiritual sense because it employs ideas formed from things existing in heaven. These two senses are related to each other in the way that the internal and the external are related in the human being. But because the internal can have no existence without the external, the external being the last and lowest degree of order within which the internal is held in being, the calling of Elisha 'baldhead' therefore meant the shameful accusation made against the Word that it lacked so to speak an external and so lacked a sense suited to man's capacity to understand it.

[7] From all this one may see that every particular detail in the Word is holy. However, this holiness within the Word is discerned by no one unless he is acquainted with the internal sense; yet an inkling of it flows from heaven into someone who believes that the Word is holy. The internal sense known to the angels is the channel through which that influx comes; and even if the person has no understanding of that sense it nevertheless stimulates an affection in him, because the affection felt by the angels who know that sense is communicated to him. From this it is also evident that the Word was given to man so that he might have a means of communication with heaven and so that by flowing into him Divine Truth in heaven might stimulate affection in him.

Fotnoter:

1. literally, whose hand has been filled

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.