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Giudici 4

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1 Morto che fu Ehud, i figliuoli d’Israele continuarono a fare ciò ch’è male agli occhi dell’Eterno.

2 E l’Eterno li diede nelle mani di Iabin re di Canaan, che regnava a Hatsor. Il capo del suo esercito era Sisera che abitava a Harosceth-Goim.

3 E i figliuoli d’Israele gridarono all’Eterno, perché Iabin avea novecento carri di ferro, e già da venti anni opprimeva con violenza i figliuoli d’Israele.

4 Or in quel tempo era giudice d’Israele una profetessa, Debora, moglie di Lappidoth.

5 Essa sedeva sotto la palma di Debora, fra Rama e Bethel, nella contrada montuosa di Efraim, e figliuoli d’Israele salivano a lei per farsi rendere giustizia.

6 Or ella mandò a chiamare Barak, figliuolo di Abinoam, da Kades di Neftali, e gli disse: "L’Eterno, l’Iddio d’Israele, non t’ha egli dato quest’ordine: Va’, raduna sul monte Tabor e prendi teco diecimila uomini de’ figliuoli di Neftali e de’ figliuoli di Zabulon.

7 E io attirerò verso te, al torrente Kison, Sisera, capo dell’esercito di Iabin, coi suoi carri e la sua numerosa gente, e io lo darò nelle tue mani".

8 Barak le rispose: "Se vieni meco andrò; ma se non vieni meco, non andrò".

9 Ed ella disse: "Certamente, verrò con te; soltanto, la via per cui ti metti non ridonderà ad onor tuo; poiché l’Eterno darà Sisera in man d’una donna". E Debora si levò e andò con Barak a Kades.

10 E Barak convocò Zabulon e Neftali a Kades; diecimila uomini si misero al suo séguito, e Debora salì con lui.

11 Or Heber, il Keneo, s’era separato dai Kenei, discendenti di Hobab, suocero di Mosè, e avea piantate le sue tende fino al querceto di Tsaannaim, ch’è presso a Kades.

12 Fu riferito a Sisera che Barak, figliuolo di Abinoam, era salito sul monte Tabor.

13 E Sisera adunò tutti i suoi carri, novecento carri di ferro, e tutta la gente ch’era seco, da Harosceth-Goim fino al torrente Kison.

14 E Debora disse a Barak: "Lèvati, perché questo è il giorno in cui l’Eterno ha dato Sisera nelle tue mani. l’Eterno non va egli dinanzi a te?" Allora Barak scese dal monte Tabor, seguito da diecimila uomini.

15 E l’Eterno mise in rotta, davanti a Barak, Sisera con tutti i suoi carri e con tutto il suo esercito, che fu passato a fil di spada; e Sisera, sceso dal carro, si diè alla fuga a piedi.

16 Ma Barak inseguì i carri e l’esercito fino ad Harosceth-Goim; e tutto l’esercito di Sisera cadde sotto i colpi della spada, e non ne scampò un uomo.

17 Sisera fuggì a piedi verso la tenda di Jael, moglie di Heber, il Keneo, perché v’era pace fra Iabin, re di Hatsor, e la casa di Heber il Keneo.

18 E Jael uscì incontro a Sisera e gli disse: "Entra, signor mio, entra da me: non temere". Ed egli entrò da lei nella sua tenda, ed essa lo coprì con una coperta.

19 Ed egli le disse: "Deh, dammi un po’ d’acqua da bere perché ho sete". E quella, aperto l’otre del latte, gli diè da bere, e lo coprì.

20 Ed egli le disse: "Stattene all’ingresso della tenda; e se qualcuno viene a interrogarti dicendo: C’è qualcuno qui dentro? di’ di no".

21 Allora Jael, moglie di Heber, prese un piuolo della tenda; e, dato di piglio al martello, venne pian piano a lui, e gli piantò il piuolo nella tempia sì ch’esso penetrò in terra. Egli era profondamente addormentato e sfinito; e morì.

22 Ed ecco che, come Barak inseguiva Sisera, Jael uscì ad incontrarlo, e gli disse: "Vieni, e ti mostrerò l’uomo che cerchi". Ed egli entrò da lei; ed ecco, Sisera era steso morto, col piuolo nella tempia.

23 Così Dio umiliò quel giorno Iabin, re di Canaan, dinanzi ai figliuoli d’Israele.

24 E la mano de’ figliuoli d’Israele s’andò sempre più aggravando su Iabin, re di Canaan, finché ebbero sterminato Iabin, re di Canaan.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 4

Од страна на New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 4: Deborah

Yet again, the children of Israel had disobeyed the Lord. At this point in time, they had been under the yoke of Jabin, a Canaanite king, for twenty years. He had nine hundred chariots of iron, and was apparently very powerful.

The Lord raised up Deborah, a prophetess, to free the Israelites from oppression under Jabin. The text says that she would pass judgements for the children of Israel while she sat under the palm tree of Deborah.

Deborah summoned Barak, an army officer, and told him to go with ten thousand men from the tribes of Naphtali and Zebulun to fight King Jabin’s armies. Barak said he would only go if Deborah went as well, so she agreed to join him. Deborah then prophesied that Sisera, the enemy commander, would be defeated by a woman.

The two armies clashed at by the River Kishon, and all of Sisera’s men were killed. Sisera then fled to the tent of Heber, an Israelite who was on peaceful terms with King Jabin. Jael, Heber’s wife, invited Sisera to come in with the comforting words, “fear not”. She covered him with a blanket, gave him milk to drink, and let him sleep there.

Then Jael quietly took a tent peg and drove it into Sisera’s temple using a hammer, so that the peg stuck in the earth. When Barak came to the tent, pursuing Sisera, Jael went out to tell him, “come, and I will show you the man you seek.” And she showed him Sisera, dead, with a peg through his temple.

So Jabin’s army was defeated that day, and Israel grew stronger until their oppression under Jabin came to an end.

*****

Deborah is an especially significant character in the Bible, because she was the only female judge of Israel. It was very unusual for a woman in those times to rise to power, yet she truly earned the respect of her people. Deborah, as a woman, stands for the nurturing power of the Word to strengthen us during regeneration. Her name means ‘a bee’, but this comes from a word meaning ‘to speak’ – here, to speak the Word. Bees make honey; honey is nutritious; God’s word is our nourishment (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 3424[2]).

The fact that Deborah judged from under a palm tree may seem like a passing detail, but even this contributes to the spiritual meaning of the story. Palm trees stand for the divine truths of the Word, which means that Deborah was judging the people from her understanding of the Lord’s truths.

King Jabin’s nine hundred iron chariots represent the apparent power of false beliefs, thoughts and persuasions over us. The number ‘nine’ stands for something which is complete, and ‘iron’ here stands for either natural truths or falsities. A ‘chariot’, being pulled by a horse, always stands for a set of teachings or doctrine. These three symbols add to the picture of a very powerful enemy: false ideas and views that can weaken and overwhelm us (Arcana Caelestia 4720[2]).

The spiritual meaning of the complex arrangement between Barak and Deborah is that we can only deal with our spiritual conflicts if we take the Word’s power (Deborah) with us. Barak, a man, represents the power of truth, but Deborah says a woman will gain victory over Sisera. The feminine stands for the power of love: our charity, our affection for good, and our wish to be useful. These qualities are always essential in our spiritual life (see Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 1120[2]).

The story about Jael and Sisera is really about actively resisting the temptations of evil in our lives. Jael, a woman, stands for the power of good to overcome what is false in our mind. Driving the tent peg through Sisera’s head stands for the complete destruction of what is false. Driving it right through and into the ground stands for the power of good in our life and in our regeneration, because the ground represents our actions (Arcana Caelestia 268).

When Barak and Jael meet, it stands for the unity between good (Jael, a woman) and truth (Barak, a man). This unity of good and truth appears again at the start of the next chapter, in which Deborah and Barak sing of Israel’s victory.

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Genesis 12

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1 Now Yahweh said to Abram, "Get out of your country, and from your relatives, and from your father's house, to the land that I will show you.

2 I will make of you a great nation. I will bless you and make your name great. You will be a blessing.

3 I will bless those who bless you, and I will curse him who curses you. All of the families of the earth will be blessed in you."

4 So Abram went, as Yahweh had spoken to him. Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he departed out of Haran.

5 Abram took Sarai his wife, Lot his brother's son, all their substance that they had gathered, and the souls whom they had gotten in Haran, and they went forth to go into the land of Canaan. Into the land of Canaan they came.

6 Abram passed through the land to the place of Shechem, to the oak of Moreh. The Canaanite was then in the land.

7 Yahweh appeared to Abram and said, "I will give this land to your seed." He built an altar there to Yahweh, who appeared to him.

8 He left from there to the mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Ai on the east. There he built an altar to Yahweh and called on the name of Yahweh.

9 Abram traveled, going on still toward the South.

10 There was a famine in the land. Abram went down into Egypt to live as a foreigner there, for the famine was severe in the land.

11 It happened, when he had come near to enter Egypt, that he said to Sarai his wife, "See now, I know that you are a beautiful woman to look at.

12 It will happen, when the Egyptians will see you, that they will say, 'This is his wife.' They will kill me, but they will save you alive.

13 Please say that you are my sister, that it may be well with me for your sake, and that my soul may live because of you."

14 It happened that when Abram had come into Egypt, the Egyptians saw that the woman was very beautiful.

15 The princes of Pharaoh saw her, and praised her to Pharaoh; and the woman was taken into Pharaoh's house.

16 He dealt well with Abram for her sake. He had sheep, cattle, male donkeys, male servants, female servants, female donkeys, and camels.

17 Yahweh plagued Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai, Abram's wife.

18 Pharaoh called Abram and said, "What is this that you have done to me? Why didn't you tell me that she was your wife?

19 Why did you say, 'She is my sister,' so that I took her to be my wife? Now therefore, see your wife, take her, and go your way."

20 Pharaoh commanded men concerning him, and they brought him on the way with his wife and all that he had.