Библијата

 

Joshua 5

Студија

   

1 Or come tutti i re degli Amorei che erano di là dal Giordano verso occidente e tutti i re dei Cananei che erano presso il mare udirono che l’Eterno aveva asciugate le acque del Giordano davanti ai figliuoli d’Israele finché fossero passati, il loro cuore si strusse e non rimase più in loro alcun coraggio di fronte ai figliuoli d’Israele.

2 In quel tempo, l’Eterno disse a Giosuè: "Fatti de’ coltelli di pietra, e torna di nuovo a circoncidere i figliuoli d’Israele".

3 E Giosuè si fece de’ coltelli di pietra e circoncise i figliuoli d’Israele sul colle d’Araloth.

4 Questo fu il motivo per cui li circoncise: tutti i maschi del popolo uscito dall’Egitto, cioè tutti gli uomini di guerra, erano morti nel deserto durante il viaggio, dopo essere usciti dall’Egitto.

5 Or tutto questo popolo uscito dall’Egitto era circonciso; ma tutto il popolo nato nel deserto durante il viaggio, dopo l’uscita dall’Egitto, non era stato circonciso.

6 Poiché i figliuoli d’Israele avean camminato per quarant’anni nel deserto finché tutta la nazione, cioè tutti gli uomini di guerra ch’erano usciti dall’Egitto, furon distrutti, perché non aveano ubbidito alla voce dell’Eterno. L’Eterno avea loro giurato che non farebbe loro vedere il paese che avea promesso con giuramento ai loro padri di darci: paese ove scorre il latte e il miele;

7 e sostituì a loro i loro figliuoli. E questi Giosuè li circoncise, perché erano incirconcisi, non essendo stati circoncisi durante il viaggio.

8 E quando s’ebbe finito di circoncidere tutta la nazione, quelli rimasero al loro posto nel campo, finché fossero guariti.

9 E l’Eterno disse a Giosuè: "Oggi vi ho tolto di dosso il vituperio dell’Egitto". E quel luogo fu chiamato Ghilgal, nome che dura fino al dì d’Oggi.

10 I figliuoli d’Israele si accamparono a Ghilgal, e celebrarono la Pasqua il quattordicesimo giorno del mese, sulla sera, nelle pianure di Gerico.

11 E l’indomani della Pasqua, in quel preciso giorno, mangiarono dei prodotti del paese: pani azzimi e grano arrostito.

12 E la manna cessò l’indomani del giorno in cui mangiarono de’ prodotti del paese; e i figliuoli d’Israele non ebbero più manna, ma mangiarono, quell’anno stesso, del frutto del paese di Canaan.

13 Or avvenne, come Giosuè era presso a Gerico, ch’egli alzò gli occhi, guardò, ed ecco un uomo che gli stava ritto davanti, con in mano la spada snudata. Giosuè andò verso di lui, e gli disse: "Sei tu dei nostri, o dei nostri nemici?"

14 E quello rispose: "No, io sono il capo dell’esercito dell’Eterno; arrivo adesso". Allora Giosuè cadde con la faccia a terra, si prostrò, e gli disse: "Che cosa vuol dire il mio signore al suo servo?"

15 E il capo dell’esercito dell’Eterno disse a Giosuè: "Lèvati i calzari dai piedi; perché il luogo dove stai è santo". E Giosuè fece così.

   

Коментар

 

Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 5

Од страна на New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 5: The Circumcision and the Passover

In this chapter, the Israelites are now in the land of Canaan, and local Amorite and Canaanite kings lose heart to oppose them because of God’s miracle at the river Jordan.

God tells Joshua to circumcise all the men who were born since they left Egypt, because none were circumcised in the wilderness, and their fathers who were have now all died. So Joshua obeys, requiring circumcision of all the men of Israel.

As a result, God says to Joshua : “I have this day rolled away the stain of Egypt from you.” The place was therefore called Gilgal, which means “rolling”. The Children of Israel camped there till they were healed. They then ate the Passover using the food of the land for the very first time, and the daily manna, which had been provided by God every day in the wilderness, stopped.

Then, Joshua has an encounter with an angel:

When Joshua lifted his eyes he saw a man opposite him with a drawn sword in his hand. Joshua asked him, “Are you for us or for our adversaries?” The man answered, “No, but as Commander of the army of the Lord I have now come.” Joshua fell and worshipped and asked what he should do? The man said, “Take your sandal off your foot, for the place where you stand is holy”. And Joshua did so.

Note that this chapter is the very first one when the Israelites are in Canaan, and straightaway two important Jewish rituals are carried out – circumcision and the Passover. Circumcision is the cutting off of the foreskin. It means to become purified from loving oneself and the world, and the outer things of life, and to be righteous before God inwardly. (See Arcana Caelestia 2102.)

This meaning helps us see why elsewhere in the Bible it often talks about “circumcising your heart”. The circumcision in Canaan was to mark the new generation, which spiritually for us means that our regeneration always involves new states. (True Christian Religion 601)

The Passover was originally a meal to mark leaving slavery in Egypt, so it is very appropriate for celebrating entering the promised land. The spiritual meaning of the Passover is rich and complex, but, put simply, it is about the presence of the Lord with us, especially when we attribute life’s good events and blessings to the presence of God. “The Lord has done this for me… The Lord has done that for us.” (Arcana Caelestia 7902) The reason that it is a meal is that we share meals together, often in families, and spiritually everything in us comes together to be joyful and thankful.

The first camp of the Israelites in Canaan was at Gilgal, a place close to Jericho, the name of which means “rolling”. We’ve looked at its connection with circumcision but more generally, to ‘roll’ is to move forward, move on, keep going. This is a powerful early-in-the-story description of our regeneration, with its trials and blessings, both of which aim to keep us moving forward to be evermore in the life the Lord wants us to have. (Arcana Caelestia 8911)

With all this early first feeling of having finally got to Canaan, the land which God had always promised to give them, it is so very appropriate that Joshua is met by a militant angel of the Lord, the Commander of the army of the Lord. (Arcana Caelestia 7277). Note carefully that when Joshua asks if he is for us or for our enemies, the Commander says “No.” Spiritually this is very significant because the Lord uses everything – good and evil – peace and temptation – to lead us towards heaven.

The Commander declares that Joshua is to remove his sandal from off his foot because where he stands, this is holy ground. Spiritually, “holy ground” is the whole sweep of life, and our sense that all of it is the Lord’s gift to us. (See Arcana Caelestia 566, 1585)

Библијата

 

Genesis 17

Студија

   

1 When Abram was ninety-nine years old, Yahweh appeared to Abram, and said to him, "I am God Almighty. Walk before me, and be blameless.

2 I will make my covenant between me and you, and will multiply you exceedingly."

3 Abram fell on his face. God talked with him, saying,

4 "As for me, behold, my covenant is with you. You will be the father of a multitude of nations.

5 Neither will your name any more be called Abram, but your name will be Abraham; for I have made you the father of a multitude of nations.

6 I will make you exceedingly fruitful, and I will make nations of you. Kings will come out of you.

7 I will establish my covenant between me and you and your seed after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God to you and to your seed after you.

8 I will give to you, and to your seed after you, the land where you are traveling, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession. I will be their God."

9 God said to Abraham, "As for you, you will keep my covenant, you and your seed after you throughout their generations.

10 This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your seed after you. Every male among you shall be circumcised.

11 You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin. It will be a token of the covenant between me and you.

12 He who is eight days old will be circumcised among you, every male throughout your generations, he who is born in the house, or bought with money from any foreigner who is not of your seed.

13 He who is born in your house, and he who is bought with your money, must be circumcised. My covenant will be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant.

14 The uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin, that soul shall be cut off from his people. He has broken my covenant."

15 God said to Abraham, "As for Sarai your wife, you shall not call her name Sarai, but her name will be Sarah.

16 I will bless her, and moreover I will give you a son by her. Yes, I will bless her, and she will be a mother of nations. Kings of peoples will come from her."

17 Then Abraham fell on his face, and laughed, and said in his heart, "Will a child be born to him who is one hundred years old? Will Sarah, who is ninety years old, give birth?"

18 Abraham said to God, "Oh that Ishmael might live before you!"

19 God said, "No, but Sarah, your wife, will bear you a son. You shall call his name Isaac. I will establish my covenant with him for an everlasting covenant for his seed after him.

20 As for Ishmael, I have heard you. Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly. He will become the father of twelve princes, and I will make him a great nation.

21 But my covenant I establish with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this set time next year."

22 When he finished talking with him, God went up from Abraham.

23 Abraham took Ishmael his son, all who were born in his house, and all who were bought with his money; every male among the men of Abraham's house, and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin in the same day, as God had said to him.

24 Abraham was ninety-nine years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.

25 Ishmael, his son, was thirteen years old when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.

26 In the same day both Abraham and Ishmael, his son, were circumcised.

27 All the men of his house, those born in the house, and those bought with money of a foreigner, were circumcised with him.