聖書

 

1 Samuel 13

勉強

   

1 Saul war ein Jahr König gewesen; und da er zwei Jahre über Israel regiert hatte,

2 erwählte er sich dreitausend Mann aus Israel. Zweitausend waren mit Saul zu Michmas und auf dem Gebirge zu Beth-El und eintausend mit Jonathan zu Gibea-Benjamin; das andere Volk aber ließ er gehen, einen jeglichen in seine Hütte.

3 Jonathan aber schlug die Schildwacht der Philister, die zu Gibea war. Das kam vor die Philister. Und Saul ließ die Posaune blasen im ganzen Land und sagen: Das laßt die Hebräer hören!

4 Und ganz Israel hörte sagen: Saul hat der Philister Schildwacht geschlagen, und Israel ist stinkend geworden vor den Philistern. Und alles Volk wurde zuhauf gerufen Saul nach gen Gilgal.

5 Da versammelten sich die Philister, zu streiten mit Israel, dreißigtausend Wagen, sechstausend Reiter und sonst Volk, so viel wie Sand am Rand des Meers, und zogen herauf und lagerten sich zu Michmas, gegen Morgen vor Beth-Aven.

6 Da das sahen die Männer Israels, daß sie in Nöten waren (denn dem Volk war bange), verkrochen sie sich in die Höhlen und Klüfte und Felsen und Löcher und Gruben.

7 Es gingen aber auch Hebräer über den Jordan ins Land Gad und Gilead. Saul aber war noch zu Gilgal, und alles Volk ward hinter ihm verzagt.

8 Da harrte er sieben Tage auf die Zeit, von Samuel bestimmt. Und da Samuel nicht kam gen Gilgal, zerstreute sich das Volk von ihm.

9 Da sprach Saul: Bringt mir her Brandopfer und Dankopfer. Und er opferte Brandopfer.

10 Als aber das Brandopfer vollendet war, siehe, da kam Samuel. Da ging Saul hinaus ihm entgegen, ihn zu grüßen.

11 Samuel aber sprach: Was hast du getan? Saul antwortete: Ich sah, daß das Volk sich von mir zerstreute, und du kamst nicht zu bestimmter Zeit, und die Philister waren versammelt zu Michmas.

12 Da sprach ich: Nun werden die Philister zu mir herabkommen gen Gilgal, und ich habe das Angesicht des HERRN nicht erbeten; da wagte ich's und opferte Brandopfer.

13 Samuel aber sprach zu Saul: Du hast töricht getan und nicht gehalten des HERRN, deines Gottes, Gebot, das er dir geboten hat; denn er hätte dein Reich bestätigt über Israel für und für.

14 Aber nun wird dein Reich nicht bestehen. Der HERR hat sich einen Mann ersucht nach seinem Herzen; dem hat der HERR geboten, Fürst zu sein über sein Volk; denn du hast des HERRN Gebot nicht gehalten.

15 Und Samuel machte sich auf und ging von Gilgal gen Gibea-Benjamin. Aber Saul zählte das Volk, das bei ihm war, bei sechshundert Mann.

16 Saul aber und sein Sohn Jonathan und das Volk, das bei ihm war, blieben zu Gibea-Benjamin. Die Philister aber hatten sich gelagert zu Michmas.

17 Und aus dem Lager der Philister zogen drei Haufen, das Land zu verheeren. Einer wandte sich auf die Straße gen Ophra ins Land Sual;

18 der andere wandte sich auf die Straße Beth-Horons; der dritte wandte sich auf die Straße, die da reicht bis an das Tal Zeboim an der Wüste.

19 Es ward aber kein Schmied im ganzen Lande Israel gefunden, denn die Philister gedachten, die Hebräer möchten sich Schwert und Spieß machen;

20 und ganz Israel mußte hinabziehen zu den Philistern, wenn jemand hatte eine Pflugschar, Haue, Beil oder Sense zu schärfen.

21 Und die Schneiden an den Sensen und Hauen und Gabeln und Beilen waren abgearbeitet und die Stachel stumpf geworden.

22 Da nun der Streittag kam, ward kein Schwert noch Spieß gefunden in des ganzen Volkes Hand, das mit Saul und Jonathan war; nur Saul und sein Sohn Jonathan hatten Waffen.

23 Und eine Wache der Philister zog heraus an den engen Weg von Michmas.

   

解説

 

Today

  

In Genesis 19:37; 21:26; 30:32; 40:7; Matthew 6:30; Luke 12:28, this signifies the perpetuity and eternity of a state. (Arcana Coelestia 2838)

In Psalm 2:7, this signifies in time; for with Jehovah the future is present. (True Christian Religion 101)

The expression 'even to this day' or 'today' sometimes appears in the Word, as in Genesis 19:37-38, 22:14, 26:33, 32:32, 35:20, and 47:26. In a historical sense, these expressions have respect to the time when Moses lived, but in an internal sense, 'this day' and 'today' signify the perpetuity and eternity of a state. 'Day' denotes state, and likewise 'today,' which is the current time. Anything related to time in the world is eternal in heaven, and to represent this, 'today' or 'to this day' is added. Although, in the historical sense, this appears as if the expressions only have a literal meaning, just like it says in other parts of the Word, such as Joshua 4:9, 6:25, 7:20, Judges 1:21, 26, etc. 'Today' means something perpetual and eternal in Psalms 2:7, 119:89-91, Jeremiah 1:5, 10, 18, Deuteronomy 29:9-14, Numbers 28:3, 23, Daniel 8:13, 11:31, 12:11, Exodus 16:4, 19, 20, 23, John 6:31, 32, 49, 50, 58, Matthew 6:11, and Luke 11:3.

(参照: Arcana Coelestia 2838 [1-4], Genesis 47:26)

スウェーデンボルグの著作から

 

Arcana Coelestia#2838

この節の研究

  
/ 10837に移動  
  

2838. 'As it is said today' means that which is perpetual. This is clear from the meaning of 'today' in the Word, dealt with below. One frequently reads in the Word the phrase 'even to this day (or today)', as in what has gone before,

He is the father of Moab even to this day, and the father of Ammon even to this day. Genesis 19:37-38; and in what appears later on,

The name of the city is Beersheba even to this day. Genesis 26:33; also,

The children of Israel do not eat the sinew of that which was displaced, which is on the hollow of the thigh, even to this day. Genesis 32:32; as well as,

This is the pillar of Rachel's grave even to [this] day. Genesis 35:20.

Joseph made it a statute even to this day. Genesis 47:26.

In the historical sense 'to this day' and 'today' refer to the time when Moses was alive, but in the internal sense these expressions mean perpetuity and eternity of state. 'Day' means state, see 23, 487, 488, 493, 893, and so therefore does 'today', which is the present time. That which in the world is temporal is in heaven eternal. To give the meaning of that which is eternal, the expression today or else to this day has been added, though to those who are aware only of the historical sense it does not appear to embody anything further. Similar usages of these expressions occur elsewhere in the Word, such as Joshua 4:9; 6:25; 7:26; Judges 1:21, 26; and in other places.

[2] That 'today' means that which is perpetual and eternal may be seen in David,

I will tell of the statute: Jehovah has said to me, You are My Son; today I have begotten You. Psalms 2:7.

Here 'today' plainly stands for that which is eternal. In the same author,

For ever, O Jehovah, Your Word is fixed in the heavens, Your truth to generation after generation. You have established the earth and it stands. As for Your judgements they stand [even] today. Psalms 119:89-91.

Here also 'today' plainly stands for that which is eternal. In Jeremiah,

Before I formed you in the belly, I knew you, and before you came out of the womb I consecrated you; I appointed you a prophet to the nations. I have set you this day (today) over nations and over kingdoms; and I have made you today into a fortified city, and into a pillar of iron, and into walls of bronze. Jeremiah 1:5, 10, 18.

This refers in the sense of the letter to Jeremiah, but in the internal sense the Lord is meant. 'I have set you this day (or today) over nations and over kingdoms, and I have made you today into a fortified city' means from eternity. In regard to the Lord one can only speak of that which is eternal.

[3] In Moses,

You are standing today, all of you, before Jehovah your God, so that you may enter into the covenant of Jehovah your God, and into His oath, which Jehovah your God is making with you today, that He may establish you today as a people for Himself, and that He will be God to you. Not indeed with you alone [do I make it], but with those who stand with us here today before Jehovah our God, and with those who are not with us today. Deuteronomy 29:10, 12-15.

Here in the sense of the letter 'today' means that present time when

Moses addressed the people. Yet it is clear that it nevertheless implies subsequent times and what is perpetual; for making a covenant with anyone, and with those who were there and with those who were not, implies that which is perpetual. Perpetuity itself is what is meant in the internal sense.

[4] That 'daily' and 'today' mean that which is perpetual is clear also from the sacrifice that was offered each day. This sacrifice, because of what is meant by day, daily, and today, was called the continual, or perpetual, sacrifice, Numbers 28:3, 23; Daniel 8:13; 11:31; 12:11. This may be even more plainly evident from the manna which rained from heaven, spoken of in Moses as follows,

Behold, I am causing bread to rain from heaven, and the people shall go out and gather a portion day by day. And they shall not leave any of it until the morning. That which they did leave until the morning bred worms and went rotten, except that gathered on the day before the Sabbath. Exodus 16:4, 19-20, 23.

This happened because 'the manna' meant the Lord's Divine Human, John 6:31-32, 49-50, 58, and because the Lord's Divine Human meant heavenly food, which is nothing other than love and charity, together with the goods and truths of faith. In heaven the Lord imparts this food to angels moment by moment, thus perpetually and eternally, see 2193. This is also what is meant in the Lord's Prayer by the petition, Give us today our daily bread, Matthew 6:11; Luke 11:3, that is, in every moment for evermore.

  
/ 10837に移動  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.