47. 1. Par Esprit, il est entendu la Vie de l'homme: on peut le voir d'après le langage ordinaire: Quand un homme meurt, on dit qu'il rend l'esprit; c'est pourquoi, par l'esprit, dans ce sens, il est entendu la Vie de la respiration; et même le mot Esprit tire sa dérivation de Respiration; c'est de là que, dans la Langue Hébraïque, il y a un seul mot pour esprit et vent. Chez l'homme, il y a deux sources de vie; l'une est le mouvement du cœur, et l'autre la respiration du poumon; c'est la vie par la respiration du poumon qui est proprement entendue par l'esprit, et aussi par l'âme; on verra en son lieu que cette vie fait un avec la pensée de l'homme qui procède de l'entendement, et que la vie qui vient du mouvement du cœur fait un avec l'amour de la volonté de l'homme. Que la Vie de l'homme soit entendue dans la Parole par l'esprit, on le voit par ces passages: « Retires-tu leur esprit, ils expirent, et ils retournent en leur poussière. » - Psaumes 104:29.

- « Il s'est souvenu qu'ils étaient chair, un esprit qui s'en allait et ne revenait point. » - Psaumes 78:39.

- « Lorsque son esprit sera sorti, il s'en retournera en sa terre. » - Psaumes 146:4.

- « Ezéchias se lamentait de ce que « la vie de son esprit s'en allait. » - Esaïe 38:16.

- « L'esprit de Jacob fut ravivé. » - Genèse 45:27. « Son image défunte est un mensonge, il n'y a point d'esprit en elle. » - Jérémie 51:17.

- « Ainsi a dit le Seigneur Jéhovah à ces os desséchés: Je ramènerai l'Esprit en vous pour que vous viviez, des quatre vents, viens, esprit et souffle en ces tués, et qu'ils vivent. Et l'esprit, vint en eux et ils revécurent. » - Ezéchiel 37:5-6, 9-10.

- « Jésus ayant pris la main de la fille de Jaïrus, son esprit revint et elle se leva à l'instant. » - Luc 8:54-55.

658. For in them the wrath of God is complete. This symbolizes the destruction of the church and its end then.

Its being complete symbolizes the destruction of the church and its end then, as explained below. The wrath of God symbolizes the evil in people, which, because it is in opposition to God, is called the wrath of God. Not that God is angry at people, but that people's evil causes them to be angry at God. Moreover, because, when a person is punished or tormented on account of his evil - as happens in hell after death - it seems to him that it is God's doing, therefore in the Word we find anger and wrath, even evil, attributed to God. But that is the case only in the literal sense, because that sense has been written in terms of appearances and correspondences; but not so in the spiritual sense, for that sense contains no appearance or correspondent imagery, but truth in its own light. For more on the wrath of God, see nos. 525, 635 above.

This verse says that in the seven last plagues the wrath of God is complete, and we say that this symbolizes the destruction of the church and its end then. We need to explain why. The reason is that every church declines in the process of time as it turns away from the goodness of love and from truths of faith, until nothing is left of them, which is occasioned by gradually increasing evil and falsity. And then, when there is no longer any goodness of love and faith, there remains only evil and falsity, and when this is the case, the church is at an end. In this final state a person knows no better than to think that evil is good and that falsity is truth; for the delight he finds in them causes him to love evil and falsity and therefore to defend them.

This is the final state symbolized by an end, consummation or completion called a destruction in the following passages:

...I have heard from... Jehovah... a consummation and destruction upon the whole earth. (Isaiah 28:22)

A consummation is decreed, overflowing with righteousness. For the Lord, Jehovih of hosts, is making an end and destruction throughout the land. (Isaiah 10:22-23)

The whole land shall be devoured by the fire of (Jehovah's) zeal, for He will make speedy end of all those who dwell in the land. (Zephaniah 1:18)

(At length) on the bird of abominations shall be desolation, even until the consummation and destruction shall it drop upon the devastation. (Daniel 9:27)

The whole land shall be a wasteland, yet I will not make an end. (Jeremiah 4:27)

(Jehovah said,) "I will go down... and see whether they have come to an end according to the outcry... that has come to Me." (Genesis 18:21)

The last said in regard to Sodom.

...the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet complete. (Genesis 15:16)

The church's end is also meant by the end of the age spoken of by the Lord in the following passages:

(The disciples asked Jesus,) "What will be the sign of Your coming and of the end of the age?" (Matthew 24:3)

...at the time of harvest I will say to the reapers, "First gather together the tares... to burn them. Gather the wheat into my barn. ...so it will be at the end of the age. (Matthew 13:30, 40)

...at the end of the age... the angels will come forth and separate the wicked from among the just... (Matthew 13:49)

(Jesus said to His disciples,) "Lo, I am with you... even to the end of the age." (Matthew 28:20)

Even to the end of the age means to the end of the church, when there will be a new church with which the Lord will then be present.