聖書

 

Kohtunikud 6

勉強

   

1 Ja Iisraeli lapsed tegid kurja Issanda silmis ning Issand andis nad seitsmeks aastaks Midjani kätte.

2 Midjani käsi Iisraeli peal osutus tugevaks ja Midjani pärast tegid Iisraeli lapsed endile need mägedes olevad õõned ja koopad ning redupaigad.

3 Ja alati, kui Iisrael oli külvanud, tulid Midjan ja Amalek ning hommikumaalased ja tungisid neile kallale

4 ja lõid nende vastu leeri üles ning hävitasid maa vilja kuni Assa teelahkmeni ega jätnud Iisraelile toidust järele, samuti mitte lammast, härga ega eeslit.

5 Sest nad tulid oma karjadega ja telkidega, tulid otsekui rohutirtsuparv, neid ja nende kaameleid oli arvamatu palju; ja tulles maale, nad rüüstasid selle.

6 Nii jäi Iisrael väga kehvaks Midjani pärast ja Iisraeli lapsed kisendasid Issanda poole.

7 Ja kui Iisraeli lapsed Midjani pärast Issanda poole kisendasid,

8 siis läkitas Issand Iisraeli laste juurde prohveti, kes neile ütles: 'Nõnda ütleb Issand, Iisraeli Jumal: Mina tõin teid ära Egiptusest ja tõin teid välja orjusekojast.

9 Mina päästsin teid egiptlaste käest ja kõigi teie rõhujate käest; mina ajasin nad ära teie eest ja andsin teile nende maa.

10 Ja mina ütlesin teile: Mina olen Issand, teie Jumal, ärge kartke emorlaste jumalaid, kelle maal te elate! Teie aga ei ole mu häält kuulda võtnud.'

11 Ja Issanda ingel tuli Ofrasse ning istus tamme alla, mis kuulus abieserlasele Joasele; ja Joase poeg Gideon peksis surutõrres nisu, et seda midjanlaste eest kõrvale toimetada.

12 Ja Issanda ingel ilmutas ennast temale ning ütles talle: 'Issand on sinuga, sina tubli mees!'

13 Ja Gideon vastas temale: 'Oh mu Issand! Kui Issand on meiega, mispärast on siis see kõik meid tabanud? Ja kus on kõik tema imeteod, millest meie vanemad meile on jutustanud, öeldes: Eks ole Issand meid Egiptusest ära toonud? Aga nüüd on Issand meid maha jätnud ja Midjani kätte andnud!'

14 Siis pöördus Issand tema poole ja ütles: 'Mine selles oma jõus ja päästa Iisrael Midjani käest! Tõesti, ma läkitan sind!'

15 Aga Gideon vastas temale: 'Oh Issand, millega mina Iisraeli päästan? Vaata, minu tuhatkond on kõige nõrgem Manasses ja mina olen noorim oma isa peres.'

16 Siis ütles Issand temale: 'Et mina olen sinuga, siis sa lööd midjanlased maha nagu üheainsa mehe.'

17 Aga Gideon vastas: 'Kui ma olen nüüd sinu silmis armu leidnud, siis tee mulle üks tunnustäht, et sina oled see, kes minuga räägib!

18 Ära siis lahku siit, kuni ma su juurde tagasi tulen ja oma roaohvri toon ning su ette panen!' Ja ta vastas: 'Ma jään, kuni sa tagasi tuled.'

19 Ja Gideon läks ning valmistas sikutalle ja poolest vakast jahust hapnemata leivakesi, pani liha korvi, leeme potti ja tõi tema juurde tamme alla ning seadis ta ette.

20 Aga Jumala ingel ütles temale: 'Võta liha ja hapnemata leivakesed, aseta siia kalju peale ja vala leem välja!' Ja ta tegi nõnda.

21 Ja Issanda ingel sirutas saua, mis tal käes oli, ja puudutas selle otsaga liha ja hapnemata leivakesi: siis tuli kaljust välja tuli ning põletas ära liha ja hapnemata leivakesed. Ja Issanda ingel kadus ta silmist.

22 Siis Gideon nägi, et see oli olnud Issanda ingel, ja ta ütles: 'Oh häda, Issand Jumal! Nüüd olen ma näinud Issanda inglit palgest palgesse!'

23 Aga Issand ütles temale: 'Rahu olgu sinule! Ära karda, sa ei sure!'

24 Siis Gideon ehitas sinna altari Issandale ja pani sellele nimeks 'Issand on rahu'. See on kuni tänapäevani alles abieserlaste Ofras.

25 Sel ööl ütles Issand temale: 'Võta üks oma isa härjavärssidest ja teine, seitsmeaastane härg, ja kisu maha Baali altar, mis su isal on, ja raiu maha selle kõrval olev viljakustulp!

26 Siis ehita kividest laotud altar Issandale, oma Jumalale, selle mäelinnuse tippu, võta see teine härg ja ohverda põletusohvriks sinu poolt maha raiutud viljakustulba puudega!'

27 Ja Gideon võttis kümme meest oma sulaste hulgast ja tegi nõnda, nagu Issand temale oli öelnud; aga kuna ta kartis oma isa peret ja linna mehi, et teha seda päeval, siis ta tegi seda öösel.

28 Kui linna mehed hommikul vara üles tõusid, vaata, siis oli Baali altar lõhutud, viljakustulp selle kõrvalt maha raiutud ja see teine härg vastehitatud altaril ohverdatud.

29 Nad ütlesid siis üksteisele: 'Kes seda on teinud?' Ja kui nad küsitlesid ning uurisid, siis öeldi: 'Seda tegi Gideon, Joase poeg.'

30 Siis linna mehed ütlesid Joasele: 'Too oma poeg välja, ta peab surema, sest ta on lõhkunud Baali altari ja on selle kõrvalt maha raiunud viljakustulba!'

31 Aga Joas ütles kõigile, kes tema vastu üles astusid: 'Kas tahate Baali pärast riielda? Või tahate teda aidata? Kes tema pärast riidleb, peab veel täna hommikul surema! Kui ta on jumal, siis ta riielgu ise, et ta altar on maha kistud!'

32 Sel päeval pandi Gideonile nimeks 'Jerubbaal', sest nad ütlesid: 'Baal ise riielgu temaga, et ta tema altari maha kiskus!'

33 Kõik midjanlased, amalekid ja hommikumaalased olid kogunenud, üle jõe tulnud ja Jisreeli orgu leeri üles löönud.

34 Aga Issanda Vaim täitis Gideoni: ta puhus sarve ja abieserlased hüüti temale järgnema;

35 ja ta läkitas käskjalgu kogu Manassesse ja ka nemad hüüti temale järgnema; ta läkitas käskjalgu Aaserisse, Sebulonisse ja Naftalisse, ja need tulid üles teistele vastu.

36 Ja Gideon ütles Jumalale: 'Kui sa tahad minu käe läbi Iisraeli päästa, nagu sa oled öelnud,

37 siis vaata, ma panen need niidetud villad rehepõrandale; kui kaste tuleb ainult nende villade peale, aga kogu maapind jääb kuivaks, siis ma tean, et sa Iisraeli minu käe läbi päästad, nagu sa oled öelnud.'

38 Ja nõnda sündis: kui ta järgmisel hommikul vara üles tõusis ja villu vajutas, siis ta pigistas villadest kaste välja, kausitäie vett!

39 Aga Gideon ütles Jumalale: 'Ärgu süttigu su viha põlema minu vastu, et ma veel kord räägin! Luba, ma katsun veel kord villadega! Lase nüüd ainult villad kuivaks jääda, aga kogu maapinnal olgu kaste!'

40 Ja Jumal tegi sel ööl nõnda: ainult villad jäid kuivaks, aga kogu maapinnal oli kaste.

   

解説

 

Exploring the Meaning of Judges 6

作者: New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 6: The Midianites oppress Israel; the call of Gideon.

Chapters 6-8 of Judges tell the story of Gideon, who led the people of Israel against the Midianites. The Lord allowed the Midianites to oppress the children of Israel for seven years, because they had disobeyed His commandments once again. Israel fled to the mountain caves, and Midian starved the Israelites by destroying their crops and taking their livestock. When Israel cried out to the Lord for help, a prophet delivered the Lord’s message that He had always been with them, but they had kept disobeying.

Then the angel of the Lord appeared to Gideon, who was threshing wheat in the winepress to hide this from the Midianites. The angel brought news that he would lead the fight against the Midianites. Gideon was stunned, and replied that his family was the least important in the tribe of Manasseh, and that he was the least in his family. Even so, the Lord assured him would be victorious, because the Lord was with him.

Gideon asked for a sign to be given him, and then went to prepare an offering of food. When he came back, the angel told him to place the meat and unleavened bread upon a rock. When the angel touched it with his staff, fire came up from the rock and burned up the food. The angel then departed.

The Lord told Gideon to break down his father’s altars to Baal, and to build an altar to the Lord on top of it, which he did by night. In the morning, the men of the city discovered what Gideon had done, and demanded that he be killed. But Gideon’s father, Joash, replied that Baal himself would take action, if he were really a god.

The Midianites and their allies gathered for battle, and Gideon called on his tribe of Manasseh, as well as Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali, to prepare to fight. Before the battle took place though, Gideon asked for another sign from God. He put a woolen fleece on the threshing floor, and if God would use him to save Israel, the fleece would have dew on it, while the ground around it would be dry. And so it was the next morning. Once again, Gideon asked for a sign, this time with dew on the ground, but not on the fleece. And again, this came to pass.

*****

The spiritual meaning of the Midianites is understanding spiritual truths, but leading a life of sensory pleasure anyway, rather than one built on genuine goodness (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 7602). This is portrayed by the Midianites destroying all the crops which could be made into food, or spiritually, into what is good.

Threshing wheat and pressing wine are very similar processes; threshing wheat frees grain from the beaten husk, and pressing wine squeezes juice from a crushed grape. Both of these activities represent our spiritual determination to do what is good – the wheat for bread – because of the truth we have come to understand – the wine. Gideon’s name, meaning “to break apart”, and this passage are meant to show us that his strongest quality was determination to do good (Divine Providence 227[2]).

Gideon’s claim to be the least important of all demonstrates the place of genuine humility in our spiritual life. Acknowledging that the Lord brings about all good things is a sign of strength, not weakness (see Swedenborg’s work, Heaven and Hell 408).

The spiritual meaning of asking God for a sign – which Gideon did several times – is to confirm the validity of what we intend or understand. Paying attention to our internal state will show us the quality of our inner thoughts if we dare to listen, but ultimately, confirmation comes from the Word (see Swedenborg’s work, True Christian Religion 508[5]). The fire from the rock, which burned the meat, represents the power of love and truth to consume and sustain us.

The fascinating double sign involving the fleece has several layers of spiritual meaning: the threshing floor stands for the ground of our daily life and activity; the fleece, with its warmth and softness, stands for the principle of goodness; and the dew (water) stands for divine influx of truth into us from the Lord. These build the framework of the spiritual meaning. The dewy fleece on the dry ground means that we need to have the Lord’s truth in our mind, so we know how to lead a good life. Then, this needs to be reversed so that we feel the desire to do good, and then apply this in daily life (Arcana Caelestia 3579).

This sign is closely related to the spiritual meaning of the Midianites, the enemy to be overthrown. Simply knowing the Lord’s truths does not guarantee a good life; we must put these truths into practice.

スウェーデンボルグの著作から

 

Arcana Coelestia#3579

この節の研究

  
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3579. 'And God will give to you of the dew of heaven' means from Divine Truth; 'and of the fatness of the land' means from Divine Good. This is clear from the meaning of 'the dew of heaven' as truth, dealt with below, and from the meaning of 'fatness' as good, dealt with in 353. In the highest sense in which they have reference to the Lord both are Divine. As for the multiplication of truth and the fruitfulness of good, they involve this: When the rational flows into the natural its own good presented by it in the natural appears in a general form. Through this good it produces truths there, almost in the way that life develops tissues in man and organizes them into different forms according to the functions they perform. By means of these truths organized into a heavenly order, this good produces further good, and through this further truths, which are derivatives. It is possible to have a natural idea such as this concerning the formation of truth from good, and of further good through that truth, through which yet again truth is formed. But it is not possible for anyone to have a spiritual idea except those in the next life, for in that life ideas are formed from the light of heaven, which light holds intelligence within it.

[2] As regards 'the dew' meaning truth, this too is clear from other places in the Word, as in Zechariah,

The seed of peace, the vine will give its fruit, and the land will give its increase, and the heavens will give their dew. Zechariah 8:12.

This refers to a new Church. 'The vine will give its fruit' stands for the fact that the spiritual element of the Church, which is the truth of faith, will yield good, while 'the land will give its increase' stands for the fact that the celestial element of the Church, which is the good of charity, will yield truth, 'the dew which the heavens will give' being that good and truth. In Haggai,

Because of My house which lies waste the heavens above you have withheld their dew, and the earth has withheld its increase. Haggai 1:9-10.

'The dew of the heavens' and 'the increase of the earth' which were held back stand for similar things.

[3] In David,

From the womb of the dawn You have the dew of Your nativity. Psalms 110:3-4.

This refers to the Lord. 'The dew of nativity' stands for the celestial element of love. In Moses,

Blessed by Jehovah is his land, of the precious things of heaven, of the dew, of the deep also Lying below. Deuteronomy 33:13.

This refers to Joseph. 'The precious things of heaven' are spiritual things, 3166, which are 'the dew', 'the deep Lying below' being natural things. In the same author,

Israel dwelt securely. alone at Jacob's spring, in a land of grain and new wine; even his heavens distilled dew. Deuteronomy 33:28.

Here 'even his heavens distilled dew' stands for spiritual things, which are those of truth.

[4] 'Dew' in the genuine sense is the truth of good which is the product of a state of innocence and peace, for by 'the morning' or dawn when the dew comes down are meant those states of innocence and peace, 2333, 2405, 2540, 2780. This also was why the manna from heaven accompanied the dew which used to come down in the morning time, as becomes clear in Moses,

In the morning there was a deposit of dew around the camp, and when the deposit of dew went up, behold, on the face of the wilderness a round congealed thing, a congealed thing like hoar frost on the earth. Exodus 16:13-14.

When the dew came down over the camp at night, the manna came down on it. Numbers 11:9.

Because 'the manna' was heavenly bread it meant in the highest sense the Lord as regards Divine Good, and consequently with men the celestial element of love, for this originates in the Lord's Divine, 276, 680, 1798, 2165, 2177, 3464, 3478. 'The dew' on which and with which the manna came down stands in the highest sense for Divine Truth, and in the relative sense for spiritual truth with men. 'The morning time' is the state of peace in which those goods and truths are present, 92, 93, 1726, 2780, 3170.

[5] Because 'the dew' means truth which comes from good, or what amounts to the same, that which is spiritual originating in that which is celestial, spiritual truth is for that reason also compared in the Word to the dew, for the objects used as signs of spiritual things are also used as comparisons with those same things, as in Isaiah,

Thus said Jehovah to me, I will be still and I will behold in My dwelling-place; like clear warmth on the light, like a cloud of dew when the harvest is warm. Isaiah 18:4.

In Hosea,

What shall I do to you, O Ephraim? What shall I do to you, O Judah? For your holiness - like a dawn cloud, and like the dew that falls in the morning - [is going away]. Hosea 6:4; 13:3.

In the same prophet,

I will be as the dew to Israel, he will blossom 1 as the lily, and strike root like Lebanon. Hosea 14:5.

In Micah,

The remnant of Jacob will be in the midst of many peoples, like dew from Jehovah, like raindrops on the grass. Micah 5:7.

In David,

It is like the good oil upon the head, that runs down over the collar 2 of Aaron's robes. It is like the dew of Hermon which runs down over the mountains of Zion, for there Jehovah has commanded the blessing of life even for evermore. Psalms 133:2-3.

In Moses,

My doctrine will flow down like the rain, My word will distill like the dew, like showers on the tender grass, and like raindrops on the grass. Deuteronomy 32:2.

Here 'the dew' stands for the multiplication of truth that comes from good, and for the fruitfulness of good through truth. And because the dew is that which every morning causes field and vineyard to be fruitful, good and truth themselves are meant by the grain and new wine referred to next in this verse.

脚注:

1. literally, sprout

2. literally, the mouth

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.