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Éxodo 39

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1 Y DEL jacinto, y púrpura, y carmesí, hicieron las vestimentas del ministerio para ministrar en el santuario, y asimismo hicieron las vestiduras sagradas para Aarón; como Jehová lo había mandado á Moisés.

2 Hizo también el ephod de oro, de cárdeno y púrpura y carmesí, y lino torcido.

3 Y extendieron las planchas de oro, y cortaron hilos para tejerlos entre el jacinto, y entre la púrpura, y entre el carmesí, y entre el lino, con delicada obra.

4 Hiciéronle las hombreras que se juntasen; y uníanse en sus dos lados.

5 Y el cinto del ephod que estaba sobre él, era de lo mismo, conforme á su obra; de oro, jacinto, y púrpura, y carmesí, y lino torcido; como Jehová lo había mandado á Moisés.

6 Y labraron las piedras oniquinas cercadas de engastes de oro, grabadas de grabadura de sello con los nombres de los hijos de Israel:

7 Y púsolas sobre las hombreras del ephod, por piedras de memoria á los hijos de Israel; como Jehová lo había á Moisés mandado.

8 Hizo también el racional de primorosa obra, como la obra del ephod, de oro, jacinto, y púrpura, y carmesí, y lino torcido.

9 Era cuadrado: doblado hicieron el racional: su longitud era de un palmo, y de un palmo su anchura, doblado.

10 Y engastaron en él cuatro órdenes de piedras. El primer orden era un sardio, un topacio, y un carbunclo: este el primer orden.

11 El segundo orden, una esmeralda, un zafiro, y un diamante.

12 El tercer orden, un ligurio, un ágata, y un amatista.

13 Y el cuarto orden, un berilo, un onix, y un jaspe: cercadas y encajadas en sus engastes de oro.

14 Las cuales piedras eran conforme á los nombres de los hijos de Israel, doce según los nombres de ellos; como grabaduras de sello, cada una con su nombre según las doce tribus.

15 Hicieron también sobre el racional las cadenas pequeñas de hechura de trenza, de oro puro.

16 Hicieron asimismo los dos engastes y los dos anillos, de oro; los cuales dos anillos de oro pusieron en los dos cabos del racional.

17 Y pusieron las dos trenzas de oro en aquellos dos anillos á los cabos del racional.

18 Y fijaron los dos cabos de las dos trenzas en los dos engastes, que pusieron sobre las hombreras del ephod, en la parte delantera de él.

19 E hicieron dos anillos de oro, que pusieron en los dos cabos del racional, en su orilla, á la parte baja del ephod.

20 Hicieron además dos anillos de oro, los cuales pusieron en las dos hombreras del ephod, abajo en la parte delantera, delante de su juntura, sobre el cinto del ephod.

21 Y ataron el racional de sus anillos á los anillos del ephod con un cordón de jacinto, para que estuviese sobre el cinto del mismo ephod, y no se apartase el racional del ephod; como Jehová lo había mandado á Moisés.

22 Hizo también el manto del ephod de obra de tejedor, todo de jacinto.

23 Con su abertura en medio de él, como el cuello de un coselete, con un borde en derredor de la abertura, porque no se rompiese.

24 E hicieron en las orillas del manto las granadas de jacinto, y púrpura, y carmesí, y lino torcido.

25 Hicieron también las campanillas de oro puro, las cuales campanillas pusieron entre las granadas por las orillas del manto alrededor entre las granadas:

26 Una campanilla y una granada, una campanilla y una granada alrededor, en las orillas del manto, para ministrar; como Jehová lo mandó á Moisés.

27 Igualmente hicieron las túnicas de lino fino de obra de tejedor, para Aarón y para sus hijos;

28 Asimismo la mitra de lino fino, y los adornos de los chapeos (tiaras) de lino fino, y los pañetes de lino, de lino torcido;

29 También el cinto de lino torcido, y de jacinto, y púrpura, y carmesí, de obra de recamador; como Jehová lo mandó á Moisés.

30 Hicieron asimismo la plancha de la diadema santa de oro puro, y escribieron en ella de grabadura de sello, el rótulo, SANTIDAD A JEHOVA.

31 Y pusieron en ella un cordón de jacinto, para colocarla en alto sobre la mitra; como Jehová lo había mandado á Moisés.

32 Y fue acabada toda la obra del tabernáculo, del tabernáculo del testimonio: é hicieron los hijos de Israel como Jehová lo había mandado á Moisés: así lo hicieron.

33 Y trajeron el tabernáculo á Moisés, el tabernáculo y todos sus vasos; sus corchetes, sus tablas, sus barras, y sus columnas, y sus basas;

34 Y la cubierta de pieles rojas de carneros, y la cubierta de pieles de tejones, y el velo del pabellón;

35 El arca del testimonio, y sus varas, y la cubierta;

36 La mesa, todos sus vasos, y el pan de la proposición;

37 El candelero limpio, sus candilejas, las lámparas que debían mantenerse en orden, y todos sus vasos, y el aceite para la luminaria;

38 Y el altar de oro, y el aceite de la unción, y el perfume aromático, y el pabellón para la puerta del tabernáculo;

39 El altar de metal, con su enrejado de metal, sus varas, y todos sus vasos; y la fuente, y su basa;

40 Las cortinas del atrio, y sus columnas, y sus basas, y el pabellón para la puerta del atrio, y sus cuerdas, y sus estacas, y todos los vasos del servicio del tabernáculo, del tabernáculo del testimonio;

41 Las vestimentas del servicio para ministrar en el santuario, las sagradas vestiduras para Aarón el sacerdote, y las vestiduras de sus hijos, para ministrar en el sacerdocio.

42 En conformidad á todas las cosas que Jehová había mandado á Moisés, así hicieron los hijos de Israel toda la obra.

43 Y vió Moisés toda la obra, y he aquí que la habían hecho como Jehová había mandado; y bendíjolos.

   

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Arcana Coelestia #9688

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9688. 'The work of an embroiderer' means things that belong to factual knowledge. This is clear from the meaning of 'the work of an embroiderer', or embroidery, as factual knowledge. A large number of places in the Word speak of that which has been embroidered and of embroidery, and in every case factual knowledge is meant by it. The reason for this goes back to representatives in the next life; there garments embroidered in various ways are seen, and by these garments truths on the level of factual knowledge are meant.

[2] Truths on the level of factual knowledge differ from those on the level of the understanding in the same way as outward things differ from inward ones, or as the natural level with a person differs from the spiritual. Facts serve the understanding as objects from which it may deduce truths; for the power of understanding is the internal or spiritual man's power of sight, and known facts are its objects in the external or natural man. These facts are meant by 'the work of an embroiderer' whereas that power of understanding is meant by 'the work of a designer', 9598, for designing is a function of the understanding, and embroidering a function of the knowledge and skill employed by the understanding. This explains why the objects within the dwelling-place, which were signs meaning inner realities, were the work of a designer, such as the curtains that formed it, verse 1, and the veil between the holy place and the holy of holies, verse 31. But the objects which were signs meaning outer realities were the work of an embroiderer, such as the screen in place of a tent door, and the screen in place of a gate of the court, Exodus 38:18, and also the girdle, Exodus 39:29, 'the girdle' being what is external linking everything internal, 'the court' being the lowest part of heaven, and 'the tent door' the place where there is an exit from the middle heaven into the lowest.

[3] The fact that 'embroidery' and that which has been 'embroidered' mean factual knowledge belonging to the external or natural man is clear from the following places in the Word: In Ezekiel,

Fine linen with embroidery from Egypt was your sail; violet and purple from the islands of Elishah was your covering. Syria was your merchant by reason of the multitude of your handiworks; [they exchanged for your wares] chrysoprase and purple, and embroidered work, and fine linen. The merchants of Sheba [came] with balls of violet and with embroidered work. Ezekiel 27:7, 16, 24.

This refers to Tyre, by which those in possession of cognitions or knowledge of truth and good are meant, and in the abstract sense those cognitions themselves, 1201. 'Fine linen with embroidery' means truth on the level of factual knowledge, for 'fine linen' means truth from a celestial origin, 5319, 9469, and 'embroidery' is factual knowledge. This also is the reason why it says that it came from Egypt - for 'Egypt' means factual knowledge, 1164, 1165, 1186, 1462, 2588, 4749, 4964, 4966, 5700, 5702, 6004, 6015, 6125, 6651, 6679, 6683, 6692, 6750, 7779 (end), 9391 - and also from Syria and from Sheba, since cognitions of truth and good are meant by 'Syria', 1232, 1234, 3051, 3249, 3664, 3680, 4112, and in like manner by 'Sheba', 1171, 3240. Cognitions of truth and good constitute the Church's factual knowledge. Anybody endowed with the ability to think intelligently and weigh things up can see that in these verses from Ezekiel one should not understand embroidery, fine linen, violet, or purple, but that these commodities mean things such as are worthy of mention in the Word, namely spiritual realities that belong to heaven and the Church.

[4] In the same prophet,

All the princes of the sea will step down from upon their thrones, and will cast away their robes and will strip off their embroidered garments. They will clothe themselves with tremblings. Ezekiel 26:16.

This too refers to Tyre. 'The princes of the sea' are the first and foremost known facts, which are called dogmas, 'princes' meaning things which are first and foremost, see 1482, 2089, 5044, and 'the sea' factual knowledge in general 28, 2850. 'Robes' are external truths, 'embroidered' are truths on the level of factual knowledge, which too are external ones. For the meaning of 'garments' as truths, 2576, 4545, 4763, 5248, 5319, 5954, 6914, 6917, 6918, 9093, 9158, 9212, 9216.

[5] In the same prophet,

I clothed you with embroidered cloth, and shod you with badger; I swathed you in fine linen and covered you with silk. Thus were you adorned with gold and silver; and your garments were fine linen, silk, and embroidered cloth. But you took your embroidered garments and covered the images, with which you committed whoredom. 1 Ezekiel 16:10, 13, 18.

This refers to Jerusalem, by which the Church is meant. 'Embroidered garments' stands for truths on the level of factual knowledge. 'Covering the images, with which she committed whoredom' stands for giving strength to falsities, for 'committing whoredom' means perverting truths by bringing them into contact with falsities or with evils. Is there anyone who cannot see that since these verses describe Jerusalem 'fine linen, silk, and embroidered cloth' are not used to mean fine linen, silk, and embroidered cloth? Yet what they really mean the Christian world does not seek to know, because it supposes that heavenly and spiritual matters in the Word reside in its literal sense; the more internal contents of the Word it calls mystical, but has no interest in them.

[6] In the same prophet,

A great eagle with great wings, with long pinions, full of feathers, 2 which had embroidery ... Ezekiel 17:3.

This refers to the house of Israel, which means the spiritual Church; and this Church is called 'an eagle' by virtue of its perception of truth, 3901, 8764, 'which had embroidery' standing for its possession of factual knowledge. In David,

All glorious is the king's daughter within, in her clothing with gold interweavings; in an embroidered [robe] she will be led to the king. Psalms 45:13-14.

'The king's daughter' stands for an affection for truth, 'an embroidered [robe]' for factual knowledge of truth. In the Book of Judges,

Will they not divide the spoil, ... the spoil of colours for Sisera, the spoil of colours of embroidered work, embroiderers' colour - on the necks of the spoil? 3 Judges 5:30.

In this verse, which is part of the Song of Deborah and Barak, 'embroidered [work]' stands for factual knowledge belonging to the natural man.

Fußnoten:

1. Here verse 18 of Ezekiel 16 has become confused with the preceding verse 17.

2. literally, A great eagle, great with wings, long with pinions, and full with feathers,

3. The meaning in the Hebrew of this verse is very obscure. The Latin rendering by Sebastian Schmidt, which Swedenborg relies on here, is literal and equally difficult to make sense of.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia #8932

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8932. 'You shall not make [to be] with Me gods of silver and gods of gold' means that they are to avoid completely things which to outward appearances look like truths and forms of good but inwardly are falsities and evils. This is clear from the meaning of 'making gods' as worshipping, since someone who makes gods for himself does so in order to worship them; from the meaning of 'silver' as truth, and therefore in the contrary sense as falsity, and from the meaning of 'gold' as good, and therefore in the contrary sense as evil, both dealt with in 113, 1551, 1552, 2954, 5658, 6914, 6917, 7999. The reason why these are things which to outward appearances look like truths and forms of good, but inwardly are falsities and evils, is that the words 'making them with Me', that is, with Jehovah God, are used. Actual Divine Truth and Goodness reside on an inner level; they reside on an outer level as well, but then they are embodied in types or representative images. For the outward things composing a type or image stand for and represent inner realities. Outward things are falsities and evils when, separated from inner realities, they are held to be holy and are worshipped; and yet they still look like truths and forms of good because they represent those realities. These things are meant by 'making [to be] with Jehovah God gods of silver and gods of gold'.

[2] This commandment follows immediately after the Ten Commandments because the Israelite and Jewish people were the sort that held outward things separated from inward realities to be holy and worshipped them as being altogether Divine, 3479, 3769, 4281, 4293, 4307, 4314, 4316, 4433, 4680, 4825, 4832, 4844, 4847, 4865, 4903, 6304, 6832, 8814, 8819. To gain more definite knowledge of what those things are which look to outward appearances like truths and forms of good but inwardly are falsities and evils, and what those things are like, take as examples all the ritual practices of the Jewish Church, such as sacrifices, burning incense, washings, and many other practices. Outwardly they were truths and forms of good, not in themselves but because they were types or images that stood for and represented inward truths and forms of good, which are aspects of love to the Lord and faith in Him. When the outward objects belonging to such practices were held to be holy, and especially when they were worshipped, as they were by the Jews and Israelites when they became idolaters and used them in the worship of strange gods, they no longer had any connection with the truths and forms of good which they stood for and represented, because inwardly they were falsities and evils.

[3] The situation was the same with all other things that were types or representative images of heavenly and Divine realities among that people. For as soon as outward things which represented inner realities were used in the worship of other gods they became idols worshipped by them or 'gods of silver and gold which they made [to be] with Jehovah God'. For then those things looked to outward appearances like truths and forms of good, but inwardly they were falsities and evils.

[4] In general 'gods of silver and gold' are all the falsities and derivative evils in worship which are made to look like truth and good through wrong usages and misinterpretations of the Word, and at the same time through reasonings that are the product of self-intelligence. Such things are meant by 'gods of silver and gold' in the following places: In Isaiah,

On that day a person will cast away his idols of silver and his idols of gold which they made for themselves to bow down to, to the moles and bats, to go into the clefts 1 of the rocks and into the fissures of the crags. Isaiah 2:20-21.

'Moles and bats' stands for those who are in darkness, that is, are steeped in falsities and derivative evils.

[5] In the same prophet,

On that day a man will cast aside his idols of silver, and his idols of gold, which your hands have made for you - a sin. Isaiah 31:7.

'Which your hands have made' stands for things which are the product of self-intelligence. In the same prophet,

The craftsman casts a graven image, and a goldsmith overlays it with gold and casts silver chains for it. Isaiah 40:19.

'Graven images' are things which are products of the proprium or self, 8869. 'Overlaying with gold' stands for making things look to outward appearances like forms of good, 'casting silver chains' stands for making them seem to hang together as if linked to one another with truths, good being meant by 'gold' and truth by 'silver', see the paragraphs referred to above.

[6] Similarly in Jeremiah,

The customs 2 of the nations are vanity. Since indeed one cuts out wood from the forest, the work of the hands of the workman, he decorates it with silver and gold; they make it firm with pegs and hammers, so that it is not unsteady. Jeremiah 10:3-4.

In Hosea,

The Ephraimites sin more and more, and make for themselves a molten image from silver, idols by their own intelligence, completely the work of craftsmen. Hosea 13:2.

'Ephraim' stands for the Church's understanding, 5354, 6222, 6234, 6238, 6267; 'a molten image made from silver' stands for falsity that looks like truth, which is why it says 'by their own intelligence'; and 'completely the work of craftsmen' stands for the fact that it is all brought about through reasonings which are a product of the proprium or self.

[7] In Habakkuk,

Woe to him who says to a piece of wood, Awake! or to a dumb stone, Wake up, this will teach! Behold, this is bound in gold and silver, but there is no spirit in the midst of it. Habakkuk 2:19.

'A piece of wood' stands for evil, 'a stone' for falsity. 'Bound in gold and silver' stands for applications used to give the appearance of what is good and true. In Daniel,

Belshazzar said, when he had properly tasted the wine, that they were to bring the vessels of gold and silver which his father Nebuchadnezzar had brought from the temple that [had been] in Jerusalem, in order that the king and his nobles, his wives and his concubines might drink from them. And they would drink wine, and praise the gods of gold and silver, bronze, iron, wood, and stone. Daniel 5:2-4, 23.

'The vessels of gold and silver from the temple of Jerusalem' represented the forms of good and the truths which belonged to the Church and to the Lord's kingdom; 'drinking wine from them' meant desecrating them by means of evils and falsities, which are 'the gods of gold and silver'.

[8] In David,

Their idols are silver and gold, the work of human hands They have a mouth, but they do not speak; they have eyes but do not see. Psalms 115:4-5; 135:15-16.

'Silver and gold, which are idols' stands for falsities and evils; 'the work of human hands' stands for the fact that they are the product of self-intelligence. In Moses,

You shall burn the graven images of the gods of the nations with fire; you shall not covet the silver and the gold that are on them, so that you take them to yourself; for it is an abomination to Jehovah your God. Therefore you shall not bring an abomination into your house, lest you become 3 an accursed thing like it; you shall utterly abhor it. Deuteronomy 7:25-26.

'Silver and gold on graven images' stands for falsities and evils which are worshipped as truths and forms of good because they have been made to look like these.

Fußnoten:

1. Reading scissuras (clefts) for fissuras (fissures)

2. literally, statutes

3. Reading fias (you become) for fiat (it becomes)

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.