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Deuteronomio 9

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1 Ascolta, Israele! Oggi tu stai per passare il Giordano per andare a impadronirti di nazioni più grandi e più potenti di te, di città grandi e fortificate fino al cielo,

2 di un popolo grande e alto di statura, de’ figliuoli degli Anakim che tu conosci, e dei quali hai sentito dire: "Chi mai può stare a fronte de’ figliuoli di Anak?"

3 Sappi dunque oggi che l’Eterno, il tuo Dio, è quegli che marcerà alla tua testa, come un fuoco divorante; ei li distruggerà e li abbatterà davanti a te; tu li scaccerai e li farai perire in un attimo, come l’Eterno ti ha detto.

4 Quando l’Eterno, il tuo Dio, li avrà cacciati via d’innanzi a te, non dire nel tuo cuore: "A cagione della mia giustizia l’Eterno mi ha fatto entrare in possesso di questo paese"; poiché l’Eterno caccia d’innanzi a te queste nazioni, per la loro malvagità.

5 No, tu non entri in possesso del loro paese a motivo della tua giustizia, né a motivo della rettitudine del tuo cuore; ma l’Eterno, il tuo Dio, sta per cacciare quelle nazioni d’innanzi a te per la loro malvagità e per mantenere la parola giurata ai tuoi padri, ad Abrahamo, a Isacco e a Giacobbe.

6 Sappi dunque che, non a motivo della tua giustizia l’Eterno, il tuo Dio, ti il possesso di questo buon paese; poiché tu sei un popolo di collo duro.

7 Ricordati, non dimenticare come hai provocato ad ira l’Eterno, il tuo Dio, nel deserto. Dal giorno che uscisti dal paese d’Egitto, fino al vostro arrivo in questo luogo, siete stati ribelli all’Eterno.

8 Anche ad Horeb provocaste ad ira l’Eterno; e l’Eterno si adirò contro di voi, al punto di volervi distruggere.

9 Quand’io fui salito sul monte a prendere le tavole di pietra, le tavole del patto che l’Eterno avea fermato con voi, io rimasi sul monte quaranta giorni e quaranta notti, senza mangiar pane né bere acqua;

10 e l’Eterno mi dette le due tavole di pietra, scritte col dito di Dio, sulle quali stavano tutte le parole che l’Eterno vi avea dette sul monte, di mezzo al fuoco, il giorno della raunanza.

11 E fu alla fine dei quaranta giorni e delle quaranta notti che l’Eterno mi dette le due tavole di pietra, le tavole del patto.

12 Poi l’Eterno mi disse: "Lèvati, scendi prontamente di qui, perché il tuo popolo che hai tratto dall’Egitto si è corrotto; hanno ben presto lasciato la via che io avevo loro ordinato di seguire; si son fatti una immagine di getto".

13 L’Eterno mi parlò ancora, dicendo: "Io l’ho visto questo popolo; ecco, esso è un popolo di collo duro;

14 lasciami fare; io li distruggerò e cancellerò il loro nome di sotto i cieli, e farò di te una nazione più potente e più grande di loro".

15 Così io mi volsi e scesi dal monte, dal monte tutto in fiamme, tenendo nelle mie due mani le due tavole del patto.

16 Guardai, ed ecco che avevate peccato contro l’Eterno, il vostro Dio; v’eravate fatto un vitello di getto; avevate ben presto lasciata la via che l’Eterno vi aveva ordinato di seguire.

17 E afferrai le due tavole, le gettai dalle mie due mani, e le spezzai sotto i vostri occhi.

18 Poi mi prostrai davanti all’Eterno, come avevo fatto la prima volta, per quaranta giorni e per quaranta notti; non mangiai pane né bevvi acqua, a cagione del gran peccato che avevate commesso, facendo ciò ch’è male agli occhi dell’Eterno, per irritarlo.

19 Poiché io avevo paura, a veder l’ira e il furore da cui l’Eterno era invaso contro di voi, al punto di volervi distruggere. Ma l’Eterno m’esaudì anche questa volta.

20 L’Eterno s’adiro anche fortemente contro Aaronne, al punto di volerlo far perire; e io pregai in quell’occasione anche per Aaronne.

21 Poi presi il corpo del vostro delitto, il vitello che avevate fatto, lo detti alle fiamme, lo feci a pezzi, frantumandolo finché fosse ridotto in polvere, e buttai quella polvere nel torrente che scende dal monte.

22 Anche a Tabeera, a Massa e a Kibroth-Hattaava voi irritaste l’Eterno.

23 E quando l’Eterno vi volle far partire da Kades-Barnea dicendo: "Salite, e impossessatevi del paese che io vi do", voi vi ribellaste all’ordine dell’Eterno, del vostro Dio, non aveste fede in lui, e non ubbidiste alla sua voce.

24 Siete stati ribelli all’Eterno, dal giorno che vi conobbi.

25 Io stetti dunque così prostrato davanti all’Eterno quei quaranta giorni e quelle quaranta notti, perché l’Eterno avea detto di volervi distruggere.

26 E pregai l’Eterno e dissi: "O Signore, o Eterno, non distruggere il tuo popolo, la tua eredità, che hai redento nella tua grandezza, che hai tratto dall’Egitto con mano potente.

27 Ricordati de’ tuoi servi, Abrahamo, Isacco e Giacobbe; non guardare alla caparbietà di questo popolo, e alla sua malvagità, e al suo peccato,

28 affinché il paese donde ci hai tratti non dica: Siccome l’Eterno non era capace d’introdurli nella terra che aveva loro promessa, e siccome li odiava, li ha fatti uscir di qui per farli morire nel deserto.

29 E nondimeno, essi sono il tuo popolo, la tua eredità, che tu traesti dall’Egitto con la tua gran potenza e col tuo braccio steso".

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 9437

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9437. 'And Moses was in the mountain forty days and forty nights' means the instructions given and influx in their completeness. This is clear from the meaning of 'forty' as completeness. 'Forty' means completeness because 'four' means that which is complete, 9103, as similarly does 'ten', 3107, 4638, and forty is the product of four multiplied by ten. For compound numbers have a meaning similar to the simple numbers of which they are the product, 5291, 5335, 5708, 7973; and all numbers in the Word mean spiritual realities, see 575, 3252, 4264, 4495, 4670, 5265, 6175. All this goes to explain why Moses was in the mountain forty days and forty nights. The fact that 'forty' here means the instructions given and the influx in their completeness is evident from Chapters 25-32 which come next, recording the instructions Moses received, that is, instructions regarding the ark, Aaron, the urim and thummim, and sacrifices. The reason why influx in its completeness is also meant is that at that time Moses began to represent the outward holiness of the Word, which acted as the intermediary between the Lord and the people, and mediation is accomplished by means of influx through that holiness into the representative existing among that people, 9419.

[2] It was because 'forty' represented completeness that Moses remained on Mount Sinai forty days and forty nights not only this time but also on another occasion, Exodus 34:28; Deuteronomy 9:18, 25; 10:10. For the same reason the children of Israel wandered in the wilderness forty years until, as it says in Numbers 14:33-34; 32:13, all that generation had been consumed; Jonah told the Ninevites that their city would be overturned after forty days, Jonah 3:4; the prophet was commanded to lie on his right side and bear the iniquity of the house of Judah forty days, Ezekiel 4:6; it says regarding Egypt that it would be made completely desolate for forty years, after which they would be gathered from the peoples, Ezekiel 29:11-13; and the earth was rained on forty days and forty nights, so that it was inundated with the flood, Genesis 7:4, 12, 17. From all this it is evident why the wicked person was to receive forty blows, Deuteronomy 25:3, for 'forty blows' meant the punishment in its completeness. It is also evident what should be understood in the prophecy of Deborah and Barak when it says that no shield or spear was seen among the forty thousand of Israel, Judges 5:8, 'among the forty thousand of Israel' meaning among them all. It is in addition evident why the temple built by Solomon was forty cubits long, 1 Kings 6:17, as was the new temple, according to Ezekiel 41:2; for in the highest sense 'the temple' means the Lord, and in the internal sense heaven and the Church, so that 'forty' means completeness in respect of representation. And it has a like meaning in other places.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 5335

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5335. 'And Joseph was a son of thirty years' means a state when the quantity of remnants was complete. This is clear from the meaning of 'thirty' as a completed number of remnants, dealt with below, and from the meaning of 'years' as states, dealt with in 482, 487, 488, 493, 893. In the Word the number thirty can mean some existence of conflict, or else it can mean a completed number of remnants. The reason why that number has this twofold meaning is that it is arrived at by multiplying five and six, or else by multiplying three and ten. When it is the product of five times six it means some existence of conflict, 2276, because 'five' means some, 649, 4638, 5291, and 'six' conflict, 720, 737, 900, 1709. But when thirty is the product of three times ten it means a completed number of remnants, because 'three' means that which is complete, 2788, 4495, and 'ten' means remnants, 576, 1906, 2284. A composite number implies much the same as the simple ones of which it is the product, 5291. Remnants are the truths joined to good which have been stored away by the Lord in a person's interior parts, see 468, 530, 560, 561, 576, 660, 1050, 1738, 1906, 2284, 5135.

[2] A completed number of remnants is likewise meant by 'thirty' - as it is also by 'sixty', and by 'a hundred' too - in Mark,

The seed which fell into good ground yielded fruit growing up and increasing. One bore thirty-fold, and another sixty, and another a hundred. Mark 4:8, 10.

Each of these numbers, being a multiple of ten, means a completed number of remnants. Also, because no one can be regenerated - that is, permitted to enter into spiritual temptations, by means of which regeneration is effected - until he has received a completed number of remnants, it was therefore laid down that no Levite should carry out any work in the tent of meeting until he was fully thirty years old. Their work or function is also called 'military service', being referred to in Moses as follows,

Take a census of the sons of Kohath from the midst of the sons of Levi - from sons thirty years of age and over, up to sons fifty years of age, everyone coming to perform military service, to do the work in the tent of meeting. Numbers 4:2-3.

Much the same is said regarding the sons of Gershon, and much the same regarding the sons of Merari, in verses 22, 23, 29, 30, and then in verses 35, 39, 43. Of that same chapter in Moses. And something similar is implied where it says that David began to reign when he was a son thirty years of age, 2 Samuel 5:4.

[3] From all this one may now see why the Lord did not make Himself known until He was thirty years of age, Luke 3:23. At that age a completed number of remnants existed with Him, though these remnants which the Lord possessed were ones that He Himself had acquired for Himself. They were also Divine ones and the means by which He united His Human Essence to His Divine Essence and made that Human Essence Divine, 1906. In Him therefore lies the reason why 'thirty years' means a state when the quantity of remnants is complete and why the priests the Levites began to perform their specific functions when they were thirty years old. And because he was to represent the Lord's kingship, David did not begin to reign until he was that same age. For every representative is derived from the Lord, and therefore every representative has reference to Him.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.