19. 17. To whom will ye liken Me, to whom am I equal? saith the Holy One. Lift up your eyes on high, and behold, who hath created these things, etc. (Isaiah 40:25-26).

(My judgment is with Jehovah, and the price of My work is with my God. Then shall I be precious in the eyes of Jehovah, and my God shall be my strength. Jehovah hath forsaken me, and the Lord hath forgotten me (Isaiah 49:4-5, 14). Because of Jehovah that is faithful and the Holy One of Israel who chooseth thee [Isaiah 49:7].)

I have given Thee for a light to the nations, that Thou mayest be My salvation unto the end of the earth. I have given Thee for a covenant of the people, to restore the earth, to divide the devastated heritages; to say to the prisoners, Go forth; to them that are in darkness, Reveal. They shall feed in the ways, and their pasture shall be on all hillsides; they shall not hunger nor thirst; by the springs of water shall He lead them (Isaiah 49:6, 8-10).

(Let him trust in the name of Jehovah, and stay upon his God (Isaiah 50:10).)

Look to me ye that follow after justice, ye that seek Jehovah; look unto the rock whence ye are hewn (Isaiah 51:1). Awake, awake, put on strength, O arm of Jehovah, awake as in the days of old (Isaiah 51:9).

I will put my words in thy mouth, for the planting of the heavens, and laying the foundations of the earth (Isaiah 51:16). (My people shall know My name in that day, for I am He that doth speak: Behold, it is I. How delightful upon the mountains are the feet of Him that bringeth good tidings, that causeth to hear peace, that saith unto Zion, Thy king reigneth. Watchmen shall lift up the voice; together shall they sing when they shall see eye to eye, that Jehovah returneth to Zion (Isaiah 52:6-7).

Jehovah hath made bare the arm of His holiness in the eyes of all the nations; and all the ends of the earth have seen the salvation of our God (Isaiah 52:10).

Who hath believed our word that is heard? and upon whom hath the arm of Jehovah been revealed (Isaiah 53:1)?

(The Lord is treated of throughout the chapter, and the state of His life is described here briefly in these words. That He had no form nor honor; that He was despised and not esteemed. That He was wounded on account of our transgressions, and bruised on account of our iniquities. That Jehovah hath made to light on Him the iniquity of us all. That He was brought as a lamb to the slaughter; that He was cut off from the land of the living. That because He offered His soul as a guilt offering His days were prolonged, and that the will of Jehovah prospered by His hand, in the fact that He bore their iniquities, and for them poured out His soul even unto death. That He was numbered with the transgressors, and interceded for the transgressors (Isaiah 53:1-12).

The very first people on earth to have some spiritual awareness were part of what Swedenborg refers to as "The Most Ancient Church," represented in the Bible by Adam. It existed in the land of Canaan. These people were in a state from the Lord in which their internal love was love of the Lord, with loves of marriage, of children, and of one another flowing from that love. From love of the Lord they also had great wisdom; rather than learning about the world and other people and figuring out how to serve them, they could simply feel love and from love instantly understand right and wrong down to the smallest details. Indeed, in looking at the natural world they barely saw it; what they saw was the greater reality of the spiritual world reflected in all the details of the natural world.

The Lord knew, however, that this church would eventually fall, so he inspired a group, represented in the Bible by "Enoch," to record the church's knowledge and concepts so they could be passed on. And the Most Ancient Church did fall; people began letting pride and self-reliance creep into their hearts, their loves got corrupted, and with their loves driving their ideas they drowned in a sea of false thinking, represented in the Bible by the great flood.

The Lord responded by making a subtle but significant change in the nature of human beings: He separated our thoughts from our feelings, giving us the ability to want one thing but think another, so that using our minds we could let knowledge and understanding rule our corrupt hearts. He then took a remnant of the Most Ancient Church and gave it the doctrine of "Enoch." This group, the first and noblest of the Ancient Church, is represented in the Bible by Noah.

According to the Writings, the Ancient Church quickly spread throughout the ancient world, all over the Middle East and northern Africa, with different forms of worship represented by Noah's sons and his grandson Canaan. Its peoples had a deep understanding of the nature of the Lord, and knew Him as "Jehovah." They also had vast knowledge of how every detail of the natural world reflected details of the spiritual world, and used those details to guide themselves in their spiritual development.

But the Ancient Church was also doomed to fall, so the Lord inspired a group starting with Eber to create forms of worship based on the relationship between the natural world and the spiritual world. From understanding the meaning of mountains and groves, this group started worshipping on mountains and in groves. From understanding the meaning of grains and domestic animals, this group started sacrificing them as a form of worship. Meanwhile, the rest of the church had turned from worshipping the Lord to worshipping themselves, and people were twisting their understanding of natural things into idolatry and magic. So the Lord cut them off from a true understanding of spiritual things, an event represented by the story of the Tower of Babel, leaving the descendants of Eber – the Hebrews – to preserve the knowledge that had been passed on from the Most Ancience Church.

But the Hebrews were surrounded by the increasingly pagan descendants of the Ancient Church, and were slowly corrupted to the point that almost none of their knowledge remained. So the Lord ordered Abraham to the Land of Canaan – a land full of spiritual meaning because it was home to the Most Ancient Church – and began re-establishing the representative worship of the Hebrews as a purely external thing. It's noteworthy that the Lord had to introduce himself to Abraham as "God Shaddai" because even the name "Jehovah" had been forgotten.

This third version of the Ancient Church preserved representatives of the Holy Land and forms of worship including sacrifice and circumcision, and also established new representatives, particularly through the 12 sons of Jacob and the resulting tribes. Meanwhile, other pieces of the corrupted Ancient Church continued collapsing, the destruction of Sodom being a notable example.

The preserved ideas nearly vanished again as the Hebrews spent 400 years in captivity in Egypt – like Abraham, Moses did not know the name "Jehovah" when he turned aside to see the burning bush – but were restored as external forms as Moses led the Children into the wilderness. There, at the foot of the "mountain of God," the Lord established the ultimate replacement for the Ancient Church: the Jewish or Israelitish Church, which preserved the name "Jehovah," and preserved spiritual representatives through the ark, the Tabernacle, the Ten Commandments and the laws of Moses. This third church did not have any of the internal spiritual knowledge which existed in the Ancient Church, but kept its ideas alive so the meaning could be restored by the Lord when He came on earth as Jesus.

The Writings also tell us that the Ancient Church had a holy scripture of its own, a written collection of the wisdom preserved by "Enoch." It is the source of the first seven chapters of Genesis (up to the flood), and includes the Book of Jasher, referred to in Joshua 10:12-13, and again in 2 Samuel 1:18, and the books of "Oracles" (aka "Pronouncements", or "Annunciations") and the Wars of Jehovah, which are quoted by Moses in Numbers 21:14, 27.