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Ezechiel 32

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1 Opět bylo dvanáctého léta, dvanáctého měsíce, prvního dne téhož měsíce, že se stalo slovo Hospodinovo ke mně, řkoucí:

2 Synu člověčí, vydej se v naříkání nad Faraonem králem Egyptským, a rci jemu: Lvu mladému mezi národy podoben jsi, a jsi jako velryb v moři, když procházeje se v potocích svých, kalíš vodu nohama svýma, a kormoutíš potoky její.

3 Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Rozestruť na tě síť svou skrze shromáždění národů mnohých, kteříž tě vytáhnou nevodem mým.

4 I nechám tě na zemi, povrhu tě na svrchku pole, a učiním, že na tobě přebývati bude všelijaké ptactvo nebeské, a nasytím tebou živočichy vší země.

5 A rozmeci maso tvé po horách, a naplním údolí vysokostí tvou.

6 A napojím zemi, v níž ploveš, krví tvou až do hor, tak že i potokové naplněni budou tebou.

7 V tom, když tě zhasím, zakryji nebesa, a zasmušilé učiním hvězdy jejich; slunce mrákotou zastru, a měsíc nebude svítiti světlem svým.

8 Všecka světla jasná na nebesích zasmušilá učiním příčinou tvou, a uvedu tmu na zemi tvou, praví Panovník Hospodin.

9 Nadto zkormoutím srdce národů mnohých, když způsobím, aby došla pověst o potření tvém mezi národy, do zemí, jichž jsi neznal.

10 Učiním, pravím, že trnouti budou nad tebou národové mnozí, a králové jejich hroziti se příčinou tvou velice, když šermovati budu mečem svým před tváří jejich. Budou se zajisté lekati každé chvilky, každý sám za sebe v den pádu tvého.

11 Nebo takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Meč krále Babylonského přijde na tě.

12 Meči udatných porazím množství tvé, nejukrutnějších ze všech národů; tiť zkazí pýchu Egypta, a zahlazeno bude všecko množství jeho.

13 Zahladím i všecka hovada jeho, kteráž jsou při vodách mnohých, tak že jich nezakalí noha člověčí více, aniž jich kaliti budou kopyta hovad.

14 Tuť učiním, že se usadí vody jejich, a potokové jejich že jako olej půjdou, praví Panovník Hospodin,

15 Když obrátím zemi Egyptskou v poušť přehroznou, v zemi prázdnou toho, což prvé v ní bylo, a když zbiji v ní všecky obyvatele. I zvědí, že já jsem Hospodin.

16 Toť jest naříkání, jímž naříkati budou. Tak dcery národů naříkati budou, tak nad Egyptem i nade vším jeho množstvím naříkati budou, dí Panovník Hospodin.

17 Potom bylo dvanáctého léta, patnáctého dne téhož měsíce, že se stalo slovo Hospodinovo ke mně, řkoucí:

18 Synu člověčí, naříkej nad množstvím Egypta, a snes jej i dcery národů těch slavných do zpodních míst země k těm, kteříž sstupují do jámy.

19 A rci: Nad kohož bys utěšenější byl? Sstupiž a lež s neobřezanci.

20 Mezi zbitými mečem padnou, meči vydán jest, vlectež jej i všecko množství jeho.

21 Budouť k němu mluviti hrdiny s jeho pomocníky z prostřed hrobu, kdež neobřezanci mečem zbití sstoupivše, leží.

22 Tam jest Assur i všecka zběř jeho, jehož hrobové jsou vůkol tohoto. Všickni ti byvše zbiti, padli od meče.

23 Jehož hrobové jsou po stranách jámy, aby byla zběř jeho vůkol hrobu tohoto. Všickni ti byvše zbiti, padli od meče, kteříž pouštívali strach v zemi živých.

24 Tam Elam i všecko množství jeho vůkol hrobu tohoto. Všickni ti neobřezanci byvše zbiti, padli od meče, a sstoupili do zpodních míst země, kteříž pouštívali strach svůj v zemi živých. Jižť nesou potupu svou s těmi, kteříž sstupují do jámy.

25 Mezi zbitými postavili jemu lože, i všemu množství jeho, vůkol něhož jsou hrobové tohoto. Všickni ti neobřezanci zbiti mečem, nebo pouštín býval strach jejich v zemi živých. Jižť nesou potupu svou s těmi, jenž sstupují do jámy, mezi zbitými položeni jsouce.

26 Tam Mešech, Tubal i všecko množství jeho, a vůkol něho hrobové tohoto. Všickni ti neobřezanci zbiti mečem, nebo pouštívali strach svůj v zemi živých.

27 Ačťkoli ti ještě nelehli s hrdinami, kteříž padli z neobřezanců, kteříž sstoupili do hrobu s zbrojí svou vojenskou, a podložili meče své pod hlavy své, a však důjdeť nepravost jejich na kosti jejich; nebo strach hrdin byl v zemi živých.

28 I ty mezi neobřezanci potřín budeš, a lehneš s zbitými mečem.

29 Tam Edom, králové jeho, i všecka knížata jeho, kteříž položeni jsou i s svou mocí s zbitými mečem. I ti s neobřezanci lehnou a s těmi, kteříž sstupují do jámy.

30 Tam knížata půlnoční strany všickni napořád, i všickni Sidonští, kteříž sstoupí k zbitým, s strachem svým, za svou moc stydíce se, a ležeti budou ti neobřezanci s zbitými mečem, a ponesou potupu svou s těmi, kteříž sstupují do jámy.

31 Ty uhlédaje Farao, potěší se nade vším množstvím svým, Farao i všecko vojsko jeho, zbiti jsouce mečem, dí Panovník Hospodin.

32 Nebo pustím strach svůj v zemi živých, a položen bude mezi neobřezanci s zbitými mečem Farao i všecko množství jeho, praví Panovník Hospodin.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 72

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72. Verse 16. And having in His right hand seven stars, signifies all knowledges of good and truth from Him. This is evident from the signification of "having in His right hand," as being from Him; for "hand" signifies power, thus it signifies whatever pertains to one, and so also whatever is from him. It is said "right hand," because "right hand" signifies the power of good through truth. (That "hand" signifies power, see Arcana Coelestia, n. Arcana Coelestia 878, 3091, 4931-4937, 6947, 10019; and consequently that it signifies whatever pertains to one, and so also whatever is from him, 9133, 10019, 10405; that the "right hand" signifies the power of good through truth, see n. 9604, 9736, 10061; and that "the right hand of Jehovah" signifies the Lord's Divine power, thus omnipotence, see n. 3387, 4592, 4933, 7518, 7673, 8281, 9133, 10019.) This is evident also from the signification of "stars," as being the knowledges of good and truth, of which more in what follows; and from the signification of "seven," as being all (See above, n. 20, 24).

[2] That "stars" signify the knowledges of good and truth, thus goods and truths, is from the appearance in the spiritual world; for there the Lord appears as a sun, and angels from afar off as stars. Angels appear thus from their reception of light from the Lord as a sun, thus from their reception of Divine truth, which is from the Lord, for this is the light of heaven. From this it is that it is said in Daniel:

The intelligent shall shine as the brightness of the expanse; and they that justify many, as the stars for ever and ever (Daniel 12:3).

The "intelligent" are they that are in truths, and "they that justify" are those that are in good (See the work on Heaven and Hell 346-348).

[3] When it is known to any that the "sun" signifies the Lord in respect to Divine love, thus also Divine love from the Lord, and that "stars" signify the truths of the church and knowledges thereof, these can also know what is signified in the Word where it is said that "the sun shall be darkened," and that "the stars shall not give light," also that they "shall fall from heaven;" and also what "stars" signify when mentioned elsewhere in the Word, as in the following passages. In Isaiah:

I will make the land a waste, and destroy the sinners thereof out of it; the stars of the heaven and the constellations thereof shall not shine forth with their light; the sun shall be darkened in his going forth, and the moon shall not make bright her light (Isaiah 13:9-10).

The vastation of the church is here treated of, which is when there is no good of love any more, nor any truths of faith. The "land" that shall be laid waste is the church; the "land" is the church (as may be seen above, n. 29.

[4] In Ezekiel:

When I shall extinguish thee I will cover the heavens, and will make the stars dark; I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not make her light to shine; all the luminaries of light will I make dark over thee, and I will set darkness upon the land (Ezekiel 32:7-8

"Darkness upon the land" means falsities in the church. In Joel:

The sun and the moon shall be darkened, and the stars withdraw their brightness (Joel 2:10-11; 3:15).

In Matthew:

In the consummation of the age, after the affliction of those days the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken (Matthew 24:29; Mark 13:24).

In Daniel:

From one of the horns of the he-goat went forth a horn, a little one, and it waxed exceeding great towards the south, and towards the east, and towards splendor; and it waxed great towards the host of the heavens; and some of the host and of the stars it cast down and trampled upon them. Yea, it magnified itself even to the Prince of the host (Daniel 8:9-11).

By the "host of the heavens" the goods and truths of the church in the complex are meant (See Arcana Coelestia 3448, 7236, 7988, 8019); in particular, such as combat against falsities (See n. 7277). From this Jehovah is called "Jehovah Zebaoth," that is, Jehovah of Hosts (See n. 3448, 7988).

[5] In Revelation:

The dragon with his tail drew the third part of the stars of heaven to the earth (Revelation 12:4).

The "stars" here also are the goods and truths of the church, and the knowledges thereof; the "third part" is the greater part; but what is signified by the "dragon" will be told in what follows. In the same:

The stars of heaven fell unto the earth (Revelation 6:13).

In the same:

A star from heaven is fallen unto the earth (Revelation 9:1).

In the same:

There fell from heaven a great star burning as a torch; it fell upon the third part of the rivers, and upon the fountains of waters (Revelation 8:10).

As "stars" signify the goods and truths of the church and the knowledges thereof, by their "falling from heaven" is signified that these perish. In David:

Jehovah telleth the number of the stars, He calleth them all by names (Psalms 147:4).

In the same:

Praise ye Jehovah, sun and moon; praise Him, all ye stars of light (Psalms 148:3).

In the book of Judges:

The kings came, they fought from heaven; the stars in their courses fought (Judges 5:19-20).

Since the angels in the spiritual heaven shine as stars, and since all the truths and goods that are with the angels are from the Lord, therefore the Lord, as He is called an "Angel," is likewise called a "Star," as in Moses:

There shall arise a star out of Jacob, and a Scepter shall arise out of Israel (Numbers 24:17).

In Revelation:

Jesus, the bright and morning Star (Revelation 22:16).

From this it can be seen:

Why the wise men from the east saw a star, and followed it, and why it stood where Jesus had been born (Matthew 2:1-2, 9).

From this it can now be known what is signified by the "seven stars" that were in the right hand of the Son of man, who there is the Lord in respect to the Divine Human (See above, n. 63).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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The White Horse # 1

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1. CONCERNING THE WHITE HORSE as described in the Book of Revelation, Chapter 19.

In the writings of John, in the Book of Revelation, the following is a description of the Word in its spiritual sense, in other words the sense contained within it, or its 'inner meaning:'

I saw heaven standing open, and behold, a White Horse. And the one sitting on the White Horse was called faithful and true, judging and fighting in righteousness. His eyes were a flame of fire, and on His head were many jewels. He had a name inscribed that no one knew but He Himself. And He was dressed in a garment dyed with blood, and His name is called the Word of God. The armies that followed Him in heaven were on white horses, they themselves dressed in clean white linen. On His garment and on His thigh was written a name, King of Kings and Lord of Lords. Revelation 19:11-14, 16.

No one can have a clear idea of what each of the details in this description entails except by way of its 'inner meaning." It is obvious that each particular detail must represent or signify something, as follows:

Heaven which was standing open; a horse which was white; the one seated on it was called faithful and true, 1 judging and fighting in righteousness; His eyes a flame of fire; and many jewels 2 on His head; having a name inscribed that no one knew but He Himself; and dressed in a garment dyed with blood; and the armies that followed Him in heaven were on white horses, they themselves dressed in clean white linen; 3 on His garment and on His thigh He has written a name.

It is stated plainly that the one seated on the White Horse is the Word, and He is the Lord who is the Word, for what is said is that His name is called The Word of God; and then, He has written on His garment and on His thigh the title King of Kings and Lord of Lords.

From the interpretation of each individual phrase or statement it is clear that all this serves to describe the spiritual sense or internal meaning of the Word. The phrase heaven which was standing open' represents and signifies that the inner meaning of the Word is seen by those in heaven, and consequently also by those on earth for whom heaven stands open. 'A horse which was white' represents and signifies an understanding of the Word as regards its inner meanings. 4 That the 'white horse' means what I have said will be clear from what follows.

It is clear that 'the one seated on it' means the Lord in His capacity as the Word, and thus means the Word itself, for it is stated that 'His name is called the Word of God;' and he is called 'faithful' and 'judging in righteousness' because of His goodness; and 'true' and 'fighting in righteousness' because of His truth, for the Lord Himself is righteousness. 'His eyes a flame of fire' signify divine truth radiating from the divine good flowing from His divine love. The 'many jewels on His head' signify all the good and true properties of faith. Having a 'name written which no one knew other than He Himself' signifies that no one sees what is the nature of the Word in its inner meaning except Himself, and one to whom He reveals it.

Dressed in a garment dyed with blood' signifies the violence done to the Word in its literal meaning. 5 'The armies in heaven which followed Him on white horses' signifies those who understand the Word as regards its inner meanings.' 'Those dressed in clean white linen' signifies the same people who are endued with truth arising from what is good. 'On His garment and on His thigh a name written 6 ' signifies what is true and what is good and their specific qualities.

From all these verses, and from those which come before and after them, it is clear that they serve to foretell that the spiritual or internal sense of the Word will be laid open at around the final time of the Church; and what will happen at that time is also described there, Revelation 19:17-21. There is no need to show here the things which are signified by these words since they are individually shown in Arcana Caelestia. The Lord is the Word because He is the divine truth: 2533, 2803, 2894, 5272, 8535; 7 the Word is the divine truth: 4692, 5075, 9987; He is proclaimed to be sitting on a horse judging and fighting in righteousness because the Lord is righteousness. The Lord is proclaimed to be righteousness from the fact that by His own power He has saved the human race: 1813, 2025-2027, 9715, 9809, 10019, 10152. Righteousness is a merit belonging to the Lord alone: 9715, 9979. 'His eyes a flame of fire' signify divine truth radiating from the divine good flowing from His divine love, because 'eyes' signify the understanding and truth of faith: 2701, 4403-4421, 4523-4534, 6923, 9051, 10569; and 'a flame of fire' signifies the good of love: 934, 4906, 5215, 6314, 6832; the 'jewels on His head' 8 signify all the good and true properties of faith: 114, 3858, 6335, 6640, 9863, 9865, 9868, 9873, 9905.

Having a name written which no one knew other than He Himself' signifies that no one sees what is the nature of the Word in its inner meaning except Himself, and one to whom He reveals it, because a name signifies the nature of a thing: 144-145, 1754, 1896, 2009, 2724, 3006, 3237, 3421, 6674, 9310. 'Dressed in a garment dyed with blood' signifies the violence done to the Word in its literal meaning because a garment' signifies truth, which clothes what is good: 1073, 2576, 5248, 5319, 5954, 9212, 9216, 9952, 10536; especially truth in its outermost form, and thus the Word in its literal meaning: 5248, 6918, 9158, 9212; and because 'blood' signifies violence done to truth by what is false: 374, 1005, 4735, 5476, 9127. 'The armies in heaven which followed Him on white horses' signify those who understand the Word as regards its inner meanings because 'armies' signify those who are equipped with the truth and goodness of heaven and the Church: 3448, 7236, 7988, 8019; and the horse' signifies understanding: 3217, 5321, 6125, 6400, 6534, 7024, 8146, 8381; and 'white' means the truth which the light of heaven has within itself thus, the inner truth: 3301, 3993, 4007, 5319.

Those dressed in clean white linen' signify the same people who are endued with truth arising from what is good because 'linen' or 'a garment of linen' signifies truth from a heavenly sourcewhich is truth from what is good: 5319, 9469. 'On His garment and on His thigh a name written' signifies what is true and what is good, and their specific qualities, because 'a garment' signifies truth, and 'a name' signifies its nature, as above, and 'thigh' signifies the good properties of love: 3021, 4277, 4280, 9961, 10488. 'King of Kings and Lord of Lords' is the Lord as regards divine truth and divine good; the Lord is called King by virtue of His divine truth: 3009, 5068, 6148, and He is called Lord by virtue of His divine good: 4973, 9167, 9194.

From all this it is clear what the nature of the Word is in its spiritual or inner sense, and that there is no single word within it which does not have some spiritual meaning relating to heaven and the Church.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. The Revd John Elliott: "The [original Latin] text ought surely to read, as Arcana Coelestia 2760; 'quod fidelis et verus, et in justitia ...'" The translator has followed this conjecture.

2. In translating diademata as 'jewels,' rather than 'crowns,' I have noted the Revd John Elliott, who draws attention to John Chadwick's assertion (from his Lexicon to the Latin Texts of Swedenborg's Theological Writings), that there can be little doubt that Swedenborg understood jewel, not crown, by the Latin word diadema.

3. The Latin byssinus means 'a garment made form byssus' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). Byssus: cotton (Baxter and Johnsons Medieval Latin Word-List); cotton, or (according to some) a kind of flax, and the linen made from it (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary).

4. The Latin interiora (plural of interius, and comp. of intern um) means 'inward' or 'internal' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). It may also signify: 'more hidden,' 'secret' or 'unknown' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary).

5. I am grateful to the Rev'd. John Elliott for the suggestion of translating litera as 'in its literal meaning." I was in a fog as to Swedenborg's intention in using litera, which classically may mean either 'a letter' or 'writing."

6. The Latin interiora (plural of interius, and comp. of intern um) means 'inward' or 'internal' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). It may also signify: 'more hidden,' 'secret' or 'unknown' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary).

7. Throughout this translation I have used the reference numbers following the emendations made by the Revd John Elliott in De Equo Albo (2004).

8. In translating diademata as 'jewels,' rather than 'crowns,' I have noted the Rev'd. John Elliott, who draws attention to John Chadwick's assertion (from his Lexicon to the Latin Texts of Swedenborg's Theological Writings), that there can be little doubt that Swedenborg understood jewel not crown by the Latin word diadema.

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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.