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Éxodo第16章

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1 Y PARTIENDO de Elim toda la congregación de los hijos de Israel, vino al desierto de Sin, que está entre Elim y Sinaí, á los quince días del segundo mes después que salieron de la tierra de Egipto.

2 Y toda la congregación de los hijos de Israel murmuró contra Moisés y Aarón en el desierto;

3 Y decíanles los hijos de Israel: Ojalá hubiéramos muerto por mano de Jehová en la tierra de Egipto, cuando nos sentábamos á las ollas de las carnes, cuando comíamos pan en hartura; pues nos habéis sacado á este desierto, para matar de hambre á toda esta m

4 Y Jehová dijo á Moisés: He aquí yo os haré llover pan del cielo; y el pueblo saldrá, y cogerá para cada un día, para que yo le pruebe si anda en mi ley, ó no.

5 Mas al sexto día aparejarán lo que han de encerrar, que será el doble de lo que solían coger cada día.

6 Entonces dijo Moisés y Aarón á todos los hijos de Israel: A la tarde sabréis que Jehová os ha sacado de la tierra de Egipto:

7 Y á la mañana veréis la gloria de Jehová; porque él ha oído vuestras murmuraciones contra Jehová; que nosotros, ¿qué somos, para que vosotros murmuréis contra nosotros?

8 Y dijo Moisés: Jehová os dará á la tarde carne para comer, y á la mañana pan en hartura; por cuanto Jehová ha oído vuestras murmuraciones con que habéis murmurado contra él: que nosotros, ¿qué somos? vuestras murmuraciones no son contra nosotros, sino con

9 Y dijo Moisés á Aarón: Di á toda la congregación de los hijos de Israel: Acercaos á la presencia de Jehová; que él ha oído vuestras murmuraciones.

10 Y hablando Aarón á toda la congregación de los hijos de Israel, miraron hacia el desierto, y he aquí la gloria de Jehová, que apareció en la nube.

11 Y Jehová habló á Moisés, diciendo:

12 Yo he oído las murmuraciones de los hijos de Israel; háblales, diciendo: Entre las dos tardes comeréis carne, y por la mañana os hartaréis de pan, y sabréis que yo soy Jehová vuestro Dios.

13 Y venida la tarde subieron codornices que cubrieron el real; y á la mañana descendió rocío en derredor del real.

14 Y como el rocío cesó de descender, he aquí sobre la haz del desierto una cosa menuda, redonda, menuda como una helada sobre la tierra.

15 Y viéndolo los hijos de Israel, se dijeron unos á otros: ¿Qué es esto? porque no sabían qué era. Entonces Moisés les dijo: Es el pan que Jehová os da para comer.

16 Esto es lo que Jehová ha mandado: Cogereis de él cada uno según pudiere comer; un gomer por cabeza, conforme al número de vuestras personas, tomaréis cada uno para los que están en su tienda.

17 Y los hijos de Israel lo hicieron así: y recogieron unos más, otros menos:

18 Y medíanlo por gomer, y no sobraba al que había recogido mucho, ni faltaba al que había recogido poco: cada uno recogió conforme á lo que había de comer.

19 Y díjoles Moisés: Ninguno deje nada de ello para mañana.

20 Mas ellos no obedecieron á Moisés, sino que algunos dejaron de ello para otro día, y crió gusanos, y pudrióse; y enojóse contra ellos Moisés.

21 Y recogíanlo cada mañana, cada uno según lo que había de comer: y luego que el sol calentaba, derretíase.

22 En el sexto día recogieron doblada comida, dos gomeres para cada uno: y todos los príncipes de la congregación vinieron á Moisés, y se lo hicieron saber.

23 Y él les dijo: Esto es lo que ha dicho Jehová: Mañana es el santo sábado, el reposo de Jehová: lo que hubiereis de cocer, cocedlo hoy, y lo que hubiereis de cocinar, cocinadlo; y todo lo que os sobrare, guardadlo para Mañana.

24 Y ellos lo guardaron hasta la mañana, según que Moisés había mandado, y no se pudrió, ni hubo en él gusano.

25 Y dijo Moisés: Comedlo hoy, porque hoy es sábado de Jehová: hoy no hallaréis en el campo.

26 En los seis días lo recogeréis; mas el séptimo día es sábado, en el cual no se hallará.

27 Y aconteció que algunos del pueblo salieron en el séptimo día á recoger, y no hallaron.

28 Y Jehová dijo á Moisés: ¿Hasta cuándo no querréis guardar mis mandamientos y mis leyes?

29 Mirad que Jehová os dió el sábado, y por eso os da en el sexto día pan para dos días. Estése, pues, cada uno en su estancia, y nadie salga de su lugar en el séptimo día.

30 Así el pueblo reposó el séptimo día.

31 Y la casa de Israel lo llamó Maná; y era como simiente de culantro, blanco, y su sabor como de hojuelas con miel.

32 Y dijo Moisés: Esto es lo que Jehová ha mandado: Henchirás un gomer de él para que se guarde para vuestros descendientes, á fin de que vean el pan que yo os dí á comer en el desierto, cuando yo os saqué de la tierra de Egipto.

33 Y dijo Moisés á Aarón: Toma un vaso y pon en él un gomer lleno de maná, y ponlo delante de Jehová, para que sea guardado para vuestros descendientes.

34 Y Aarón lo puso delante del Testimonio para guardarlo, como Jehová lo mandó á Moisés.

35 Así comieron los hijos de Israel maná cuarenta años, hasta que entraron en la tierra habitada: maná comieron hasta que llegaron al término de la tierra de Canaán.

36 Y un gomer es la décima parte del epha.

   

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Apocalypse Explained#146

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146. To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the hidden manna. That this signifies that to those who conquer in temptations will be given the delight of heavenly love from the Divine Human of the Lord is evident from the signification of him that overcometh, as being those who conquer in temptations; for such are treated of in what is written to the angel of this church (as may be seen above, n. 130); also from the signification of I will give to eat, as being to be appropriated and conjoined by love and charity (concerning which see Arcana Coelestia 2187, 2343, 3168, 3513, 5643), and because it is said concerning the hidden manna, by which is meant the Lord as to the Divine Human; by eating thereof, is here signified the delight of heavenly love, for this is appropriated from the Divine Human of the Lord by those who receive Him in love and faith; and from the signification of the hidden manna, as being the Lord as to the Divine Human.

That this is what is meant by manna is evident from the words of the Lord Himself in John:

"Our fathers did eat manna in the desert, as it is written, He gave them bread from heaven to eat. The bread of God is he who cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world. I am the bread of life. Your fathers did eat manna in the desert and are dead. This is that bread which cometh down from heaven, that he that eateth of it may not die. I am the living bread that came down from heaven, if any man eat of this bread he shall live for ever. The bread that I will give is my flesh" (6:31-58).

That it is the Lord Himself who is meant by manna and by bread, He plainly teaches, for He says, "I am the bread of life that came down from heaven." That it is the Lord as to the Divine Human, He also teaches when He says, "The bread which I will give is my flesh."

[2] The Lord taught the same when He instituted the holy supper:

"Jesus took bread, and blessed, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat, this is my body" (Matthew 26:26; Mark 14:22; Luke 22:19).

To eat of this bread is to be conjoined to Him by love, for to eat signifies to appropriate and be conjoined, as said above; and love is spiritual conjunction. The same thing is signified by eating in the kingdom of God, in Luke:

"Blessed is he that eateth bread in the kingdom of God" (14:15).

Again:

"Ye shall eat and drink at my table in the kingdom of God" (22:30).

In Matthew:

"Many shall come from the east and west, and shall recline with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom" of God (8:11).

(That by Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, is meant the Lord, may be seen, Arcana Coelestia 1893, 4615, 6098, 6185, 6276, 6804, 6847.)

And in John:

"Labour not for the meat which perisheth, but for that meat which endureth unto everlasting life, which the Son of man will give unto you" (6:27).

[3] (That the Son of man is the Lord as to the Divine Human, may be seen above, n. 63.) The reason why it is called hidden manna is, because the delight of heavenly love, which those receive who are conjoined to the Lord by love is quite unknown to those who are not in heavenly love; and this delight no one can receive but he who acknowledges the Divine Human of the Lord; for it proceeds from this. Because this delight was unknown to the sons of Israel in the desert, they therefore called it manna, as is evident in Moses:

"Jehovah said unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you. And in the morning the dew lay round about the camp. And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the desert there lay a small round thing; and when they saw it, they said, It is manna (What is this?). Moses said unto them, This is the bread which Jehovah hath given you to eat. And the house of Israel called the name thereof manna" (Exodus 16:3 to the end).

"Jehovah fed thee with manna which thou knewest not, neither did thy fathers know; that he might make thee know that man doth not live by bread only, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of Jehovah doth man live" (Deuteronomy 8:3).

The reason why this delight, which is meant by manna, was unknown to the sons of Israel was, that they were in bodily delight more than other nations; and those who are in this delight cannot know anything at all of heavenly delight. (That the sons of Israel were of such a character may be seen in The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem 248.) It is called delight, and by this is meant the delight of love; for all the delight of life is from love.

[4] Because it is the delight of heavenly love that is signified by eating of the hidden manna, it is therefore called the bread of the heavens in David:

"Jehovah commanded the clouds from above, and opened the doors of the heavens; and rained down manna upon them to eat, and gave them of the corn of the heavens" (Psalm 78:23, 24).

And in another place:

"Jehovah satisfied them with the bread of the heavens" (Psalm 105:40).

It is called the bread of the heavens because it rained down from heaven with the dew, but in the spiritual sense it is called the bread of the heavens because it flows down from the Lord through the angelic heaven; in this sense, no other heaven is meant, and no other bread than that which nourishes the soul of man. That bread is here meant in this sense is evident from the words of the Lord himself in John, where He says, that

He is the manna or bread which came down from heaven (John 6:31-58).

And in Moses, where it is said

that Jehovah fed them with manna that He might teach that man doth not live by bread alone, but by every utterance of the mouth of Jehovah (Deuteronomy 8:3).

The utterance of the mouth of Jehovah is everything that proceeds from the Lord, and this, specifically, is Divine truth united with Divine good (as may be seen in the work, Heaven and Hell 13, 133, 139, 140, 284-290).

[5] This delight is also described by correspondences in Moses:

The manna was "like coriander seed, white, and the taste of it was like a cake made with honey" (Exodus 16:31).

And in another place:

"They made cakes of it; and the taste of it was as of the juice of oil" (Numbers 11:7, 8).

The reason why the manna had such an appearance and taste was, that the white seed of coriander signifies truth from a celestial origin, a cake the good of celestial love, honey its external delight, oil that love itself, and its juice, whence was the taste, its internal delight, and the rain with the dew, in which the manna was, the influx of Divine truth in which that delight is contained. (That seed signifies truth from a heavenly origin, may be seen, Arcana Coelestia 3038, 3373, 10248, 10249: that white is said of that truth, n. 3301, 3993, 4007, 5319; that cake signifies the good of heavenly love, n. 7978, 9992, 9993; that oil signifies that love itself, n. 886, 3728, 9780, 9954, 10261, 10269; hence its juice signifies its delight, because the taste is therefrom and the taste is the delight and pleasantness, see n. 3502, 4791-4805. But more may be seen concerning these things in the explanation of chapter 16 of Exodus in Arcana Coelestia.) The reason why the delight of celestial love is signified by eating of the hidden manna, although by the hidden manna the Lord as to the Divine Human is signified, is that it is the same thing whether we say the Divine Human of the Lord, or the Divine love, for the Lord is Divine love itself, and what proceeds from Him is Divine good united to Divine truth; both belong to love, and are also the Lord in heaven. Therefore to eat of Him is to be conjoined to Him, and this is effected by love from Him. (But these things may be better understood from what is said and shown in the work, Heaven and Hell 13-19, 116-125, 126-140; and also in The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem 210-222 and 307.)

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia#9993

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9993. 'And unleavened cakes mixed with oil' means purification of the mid-celestial. This is clear from the meaning of 'cakes' as the mid-celestial, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'oil' as the good of love, dealt with in 886, 4582, 4638. From this it is evident that 'cakes mixed with oil' means the celestial that springs directly from the inmost part, for 'oil' is the good of love, which is inmost. The situation is that the heavens are divided into two kingdoms, one of which is called spiritual, the other celestial. The understanding part of the human mind corresponds to the spiritual kingdom in the heavens and the will part of it to the celestial kingdom there, 9835. In each kingdom there is an internal part and an external, as there is also in the human understanding and will. For the human understanding has an internal part and an external, and so does the human will. The internal part of the understanding forms the spiritual life of the internal man, and the external part of the understanding forms the spiritual life of the external man. But the internal part of the will forms the celestial life of the internal man, while the external part of the will forms the celestial life of the external man. The existence in the human mind of an internal part and an external may be recognized by anyone who stops to reflect. It may be recognized in particular in hypocrites, cheats, crafty types, and villains. What all these think deep within themselves is contrary to the truths of faith, and also what they will is the opposite of the good deeds of heavenly love; but on the surface their thought and will are in line with those truths and good deeds, which they also consequently declare and perform for all the world to see.

[2] In addition it should be recognized that each kingdom in the heavens, the spiritual kingdom and the celestial, has three parts; each has an inmost part, a middle, and an outward, see 9873. The inmost part of the celestial kingdom consists in the good of love to the Lord; the middle part there consists in the good of mutual love, which is good emanating from that of love to the Lord; and the outward part consists in delight emanating from the good of mutual love. The first two reside in the internal man of inhabitants of the Lord's celestial kingdom, whereas the third resides in their external man. These three were represented by unleavened bread, unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil; and purification of them is represented by the offering of the three on the altar together with a burnt offering or else a sacrifice. The fact that those kinds of good in their proper order are meant can be recognized solely from the consideration that these three types of cereal offering were commanded and also their preparation described in the Books of Moses. This would never at all have been done if those things had not embodied arcana of heaven and the Church. What other use could such things have had?

[3] But I realize that those arcana are intelligible to scarcely anyone at the present day, because what is worldly permeates everything that people understand and will at the present day, and those who think of heaven and wish to be there do not have, and do not wish to have any other notion of it apart from a natural and earthly one. And where that kind of notion and wish exist, thus where that kind of love is present, there is no room for the mysteries of heaven. It would be altogether different if the human mind delighted in heavenly more than in worldly things. For the things which a person delights in are the ones he finds intelligible, as for instance when he delights in the intricacies of countries' public affairs, or in the intricacies of people's moral attitudes. By moral attitudes is meant what constitutes their loves and affections, and consequently their thoughts. Such are easily discovered by a crafty person, because he takes delight in leading others by means of those he discovers, to the end that he may acquire important positions or monetary gain, or earn reputation on account of these.

[4] That which is celestial in the internal man is meant by 'cakes', the reason being that they are second in order; for first in order is the unleavened bread, second the cakes mixed with oil, and third the wafers anointed with oil. These three were called minchahs, and they were offered on the altar along with burnt offerings and sacrifices. How they were to be made is described in Leviticus 2, and how they were to be offered is described in various places, how for example they were to be offered by Aaron on the day of his anointing in Leviticus 6:20-23.

[5] The term 'cakes' is also used in the Word to mean the good of love in general. So it is that the loaves of the Presence or the showbread are called 'cakes' in Moses,

You shall take fine flour and bake it into twelve cakes, two-tenths [of an ephah] shall there be in one cake. And you shall place them on the table before Jehovah. And you shall put pure frankincense on each row. Leviticus 24:5-9.

'Pure frankincense' that was put on the cakes was a sign of truth springing from celestial good, which is the lowest or outermost of the celestial kingdom.

[6] The good of love in general is again meant by 'cakes' in Jeremiah,

The sons gather pieces of wood, and the fathers kindle fire, the women knead dough to make cakes for Melecheth 1 of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings to other gods. Jeremiah 7:18; 44:19.

'Making cakes for Melecheth of heaven' means offering worship to the devil with the good of celestial love, and 'pouring out drink offerings to other gods' means offering worship to Satan with the truths of faith. For 'Melecheth of heaven' means those who are in the hell of genii, and 'other gods' those who are in the hell of evil spirits, about whom see 5977, 8593, 8622, 8625. Those in the hell of genii taken all together are called the devil, and those in the hell of evil spirits are called Satan.

[7] The good of spiritual love however is meant by 'cakes' in Hosea,

Ephraim has become a cake not turned. Hosea 7:8.

But here 'a cake' is expressed by a different word in the original language, which means the good of spiritual love. 'A cake not turned' is a situation in which the external man rules the internal. When this situation comes about in a person it is an inversion of order, for then the external is the master and the internal the servant. 'Ephraim' is the Church's power of understanding, which receives light and is stirred with affection when truths and forms of the good of faith are accepted, 3969, 5354, 6222, 6234, 6238, 6267.

脚注:

1. Melecheth is a Hebrew word for a queen.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.