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Daniel第2章

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1 Ora no segundo ano do reinado de Nabucodonozor, teve este uns sonhos; e o seu espírito se perturbou, e passou-se-lhe o sono.

2 Então o rei mandou chamar os magos, os encantadores, os adivinhadores, e os caldeus, para que declarassem ao rei os seus sonhos; eles vieram, pois, e se apresentaram diante do rei.

3 E o rei lhes disse: Tive um sonho, e para saber o sonho está perturbado o meu espírito.

4 Os caldeus disseram ao rei em aramaico: ç rei, vive eternamente; dize o sonho a teus servos, e daremos a interpretação

5 Respondeu o rei, e disse aos caldeus: Esta minha palavra é irrevogável se não me fizerdes saber o sonho e a sua interpretação, sereis despedaçados, e as vossas casas serão feitas um monturo;

6 mas se vós me declarardes o sonho e a sua interpretação, recebereis de mim dádivas, recompensas e grande honra. Portanto declarai-me o sonho e a sua interpretação.

7 Responderam pela segunda vez: Diga o rei o sonho a seus servos, e daremos a interpretação.

8 Respondeu o rei, e disse: Bem sei eu que vós quereis ganhar tempo; porque vedes que a minha palavra é irrevogável.

9 se não me fizerdes saber o sonho, uma só sentença será a vossa; pois vós preparastes palavras mentirosas e perversas para as proferirdes na minha presença, até que se mude o tempo. portanto dizei-me o sonho, para que eu saiba que me podeis dar a sua interpretação.

10 Responderam os caldeus na presença do rei, e disseram: Não há ninguém sobre a terra que possa cumprir a palavra do rei; pois nenhum rei, por grande e poderoso que fosse, tem exigido coisa semelhante de algum mago ou encantador, ou caldeu.

11 A coisa que o rei requer é difícil, e ninguém há que a possa declarar ao rei, senão os deuses, cuja morada não é com a carne mortal.

12 Então o rei muito se irou e enfureceu, e ordenou que matassem a todos os sábios de Babilônia.

13 saiu, pois, o decreto, segundo o qual deviam ser mortos os sábios; e buscaram a Daniel e aos seus companheiros, para que fossem mortos.

14 Então Daniel falou avisada e prudentemente a Arioque, capitão da guarda do rei, que tinha saído para matar os sábios de Babilônia;

15 pois disse a Arioque, capitão do rei: Por que é o decreto do rei tão urgente? Então Arioque explicou o caso a Daniel.

16 Ao que Daniel se apresentou ao rei e pediu que lhe designasse o prazo, para que desse ao rei a interpretação.

17 Então Daniel foi para casa, e fez saber o caso a Hananias, Misael e Azarias, seus companheiros,

18 para que pedissem misericórdia ao Deus do céu sobre este mistério, a fim de que Daniel e seus companheiros não perecessem, juntamente com o resto dos sábios de Babilônia.

19 Então foi revelado o mistério a Daniel numa visão de noite; pelo que Daniel louvou o Deus do céu.

20 Disse Daniel: Seja bendito o nome de Deus para todo o sempre, porque são dele a sabedoria e a força.

21 Ele muda os tempos e as estações; ele remove os reis e estabelece os reis; é ele quem dá a sabedoria aos sábios e o entendimento aos entendidos.

22 Ele revela o profundo e o escondido; conhece o que está em trevas, e com ele mora a luz.

23 ç Deus de meus pais, a ti dou graças e louvor porque me deste sabedoria e força; e agora me fizeste saber o que te pedimos; pois nos fizeste saber este assunto do rei.

24 Por isso Daniel foi ter com Arioque, ao qual o rei tinha constituído para matar os sábios de Babilônia; entrou, e disse-lhe assim: Não mates os sábios de Babilônia; introduze-me na presença do rei, e lhe darei a interpretação.

25 Então Arioque depressa introduziu Daniel à presença do rei, e disse-lhe assim: Achei dentre os filhos dos cativos de Judá um homem que fará saber ao rei a interpretação.

26 Respondeu o rei e disse a Daniel, cujo nome era Beltessazar: Podes tu fazer-me saber o sonho que tive e a sua interpretação?

27 Respondeu Daniel na presença do rei e disse: O mistério que o rei exigiu, nem sábios, nem encantadores, nem magos, nem adivinhadores lhe podem revelar;

28 mas há um Deus no céu, o qual revela os mistérios; ele, pois, fez saber ao rei Nabucodonozor o que há de suceder nos últimos dias. O teu sonho e as visões que tiveste na tua cama são estas:

29 Estando tu, ó rei, na tua cama, subiram os teus pensamentos sobre o que havia de suceder no futuro. Aquele, pois, que revela os mistérios te fez saber o que há de ser.

30 E a mim me foi revelado este mistério, não por ter eu mais sabedoria que qualquer outro vivente, mas para que a interpretação se fizesse saber ao rei, e para que entendesses os pensamentos do teu coração.

31 Tu, ó rei, na visão olhaste e eis uma grande estátua. Esta estátua, imensa e de excelente esplendor, estava em pé diante de ti; e a sua aparência era terrível.

32 A cabeça dessa estátua era de ouro fino; o peito e os braços de prata; o ventre e as coxas de bronze;

33 as pernas de ferro; e os pés em parte de ferro e em parte de barro.

34 Estavas vendo isto, quando uma pedra foi cortada, sem auxílio de mãos, a qual feriu a estátua nos pés de ferro e de barro, e os esmiuçou.

35 Então foi juntamente esmiuçado o ferro, o barro, o bronze, a prata e o ouro, os quais se fizeram como a pragana das eiras no estio, e o vento os levou, e não se podia achar nenhum vestígio deles; a pedra, porém, que feriu a estátua se tornou uma grande montanha, e encheu toda a terra.

36 Este é o sonho; agora diremos ao rei a sua interpretação.

37 Tu, ó rei, és rei de reis, a quem o Deus do céu tem dado o reino, o poder, a força e a glória;

38 e em cuja mão ele entregou os filhos dos homens, onde quer que habitem, os animais do campo e as aves do céu, e te fez reinar sobre todos eles; tu és a cabeça de ouro.

39 Depois de ti se levantará outro reino, inferior ao teu; e um terceiro reino, de bronze, o qual terá domínio sobre toda a terra.

40 E haverá um quarto reino, forte como ferro, porquanto o ferro esmiúça e quebra tudo; como o ferro quebra todas as coisas, assim ele quebrantará e esmiuçará.

41 Quanto ao que viste dos pés e dos dedos, em parte de barro de oleiro, e em parte de ferro, isso será um reino dividido; contudo haverá nele alguma coisa da firmeza do ferro, pois que viste o ferro misturado com barro de lodo.

42 E como os dedos dos pés eram em parte de ferro e em parte de barro, assim por uma parte o reino será forte, e por outra será frágil.

43 Quanto ao que viste do ferro misturado com barro de lodo, misturar-se-ão pelo casamento; mas não se ligarão um ao outro, assim como o ferro não se mistura com o barro.

44 Mas, nos dias desses reis, o Deus do céu suscitará um reino que não será jamais destruído; nem passará a soberania deste reino a outro povo; mas esmiuçará e consumirá todos esses reinos, e subsistirá para sempre.

45 Porquanto viste que do monte foi cortada uma pedra, sem auxílio de mãos, e ela esmiuçou o ferro, o bronze, o barro, a prata e o ouro, o grande Deus faz saber ao rei o que há de suceder no futuro. Certo é o sonho, e fiel a sua interpretação.

46 Então o rei Nabucodonozor caiu com o rosto em terra, e adorou a Daniel, e ordenou que lhe oferecessem uma oblação e perfumes suaves.

47 Respondeu o rei a Daniel, e disse: Verdadeiramente, o vosso Deus é Deus dos deuses, e o Senhor dos reis, e o revelador dos mistérios, pois pudeste revelar este misterio.

48 Então o rei engrandeceu a Daniel, e lhe deu muitas e grandes dádivas, e o pôs por governador sobre toda a província de Babilônia, como também o fez chefe principal de todos os sábios de Babilônia.

49 A pedido de Daniel, o rei constituiu superintendentes sobre os negócios da província de Babilônia a Sadraque, Mesaque e Abednego; mas Daniel permaneceu na corte do rei.

   

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Apocalypse Explained#70

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70. The reason why the feet are said to be like unto fine brass is, that by fine brass is meant brass polished and shining, like something fiery; and brass in the Word signifies natural good. Metals, like all other things in the Word, are significative. Gold in the Word signifies celestial good, which is inmost good; silver signifies its truth, which is spiritual good; brass natural good, which is ultimate good, and iron its truth, which is natural truth. That such things are signified by metals, is from correspondence; for many things are seen in heaven shining like gold and silver, and also many things shining like brass and iron. And it is there known, that by those things are signified the above-mentioned kinds of good and truth; this is why the ancients, who were in the knowledge of correspondences, named the ages after those metals. The first age they called the golden age, because innocence, love and wisdom therefrom, then reigned; but the second age they called the silver age, because truth from that good, or spiritual good, and intelligence therefrom, then reigned; the third age they called the brazen, or copper, age, because only natural good, which is what is just and sincere pertaining to moral life, then reigned; but the last age they called the iron age, because only truth without good then reigned, and when that reigns, then also falsity reigns. The reason why the ages were thus distinguished, was from the spiritual signification of those metals.

[2] From these considerations it is evident what is signified by the statue of Nebuchadnezzar, seen in his dream,

"whose head was of gold, the chest and arms of silver, the belly and thighs of brass, the legs of iron, and the feet partly of iron and partly of clay" (Dan. 2:32, 33).

The state of the church from its first time to its last as to good and truth, is here signified; its last time was when the Lord came into the world.

When it is known that gold signifies celestial good, silver spiritual good, brass natural good, and iron natural truth, many arcana in the Word where those metals are mentioned can be known. For example, what is signified by these words in Isaiah:

"For brass I will bring gold, for iron I will bring silver, and for wood brass, and for stones iron; I will also make thy government peace, and thine exactors justice" (60:17).

[3] But as the signification of brass is what is here treated of, as being natural good, it is necessary only to adduce a few passages where brass is mentioned and signifies that good. Thus in Moses:

"Asher acceptable to his brethren, and dipping his foot in oil; iron and brass thy shoe, and as thy day, thy fame" (Deuteronomy 33:24, 25).

Asher, as one of the tribes, signifies the happiness of life, and the delight of the affections (see Arcana Coelestia 3938, 3939, 6408); to dip the foot in oil signifies natural delight (that oil denotes delight, see n. 9954, and that the foot denotes the Natural, see above, n. 69); the shoe being iron and brass signifies the lowest Natural derived from truth and good, shoe denoting the lowest Natural (see n. 1748, 1860, 6844); iron is its truth, and brass its good, as above. Again,

"Jehovah thy God will bring thee into a rich land; a land out of whose stones thou shalt cut iron, and out of whose mountains brass" (Deuteronomy 8:7, 9).

And in Jeremiah:

"I will give thee unto this people for a fortified wall of brass, that they may fight against thee, and not prevail over thee" (15:20).

And in Ezekiel:

"Javan, Tubal, and Mesech, they were thy merchants; with the soul of man and vessels of brass they gave thy merchandise" (27:13).

In this chapter the merchandises of Tyre are treated of, by which are signified the knowledges (cognitiones) of good and truth. By the names Javan, Tubal, and Mesech, are signified those things that pertain to good and truth, to which the knowledges relate; the soul of man denotes the truth of life; vessels of brass denote scientifics of natural good.

[4] (What is signified by Tyre, may be seen, Arcana Coelestia 1201; what by merchandises, n. 2967, 4453; what by Tubal and Mesech, n. 1151; what by Javan, n. 1152, 1153, 1155; what by the soul of man, n. 2930, 9050, 9281; what by vessels, n. 3068, 3079, 3316, 3318.)

Again, in the same prophet:

The feet of the cherubs "shone like the appearance of polished brass" (1:7).

(What the cherubs and the feet signify, may be seen above, n. 69.) And in the same prophet:

"I saw, and, lo, a man, whose appearance was like the appearance of brass, and a thread of flax in his hands; he stood in the gate" (40:3).

Because the angel here mentioned measured the wall and the gates of the house of God, which signify the externals of the church, his appearance was seen to be the appearance of brass.

He who knows that brass signifies the external of the church, which in itself is natural, may in some measure understand why the altar of burnt-offering was overlaid with brass, and the gate round it was of brass, and the vessels of brass (Exodus 27:1-4), also why the great vessel, which was called the sea, with the twelve oxen under it, and the ten lavers with the bases, and also all the vessels of the tabernacle for the house of God, were made by Solomon of polished brass (1 Kings 7:43-47). He who knows what brass signifies, can also enter into the arcanum why a serpent of brass was commanded to be set up for the people to look at, concerning which it is thus written in Moses:

"Jehovah sent serpents among the people, which bit the people. And he said unto Moses, Make thee a serpent, and set it upon a pole; and it shall come to pass that every one that is bitten, when he hath looked upon it, shall live. And Moses made a serpent of brass, and set it upon a pole, and it came to pass, that when a serpent had bitten any man, and he looked upon the serpent of brass, he lived" (Numbers 21:6, 8, 9).

That the Lord was signified by that serpent, He himself teaches in John:

"As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life" (3:14, 15).

By the serpent is signified the ultimate of life in man, which is called the external Sensual, which is natural. To represent this ultimate, which in the Lord was Divine, among the sons of Israel, with whom all things were representative, a serpent of brass was made; and the signification was, that, if they looked to the Divine Human of the Lord, they would revive, that is, if they believed in Him, they should have eternal life, as the Lord himself also teaches. (That to see in the spiritual sense is to believe, may be seen above, n. 37, 68; and that a serpent denotes the external Sensual, which is the ultimate of the life of man, see Arcana Coelestia 195-197, 6398, 6949, 10313.) That brass and iron in the Word also signify what is hard, as in Isaiah 48:4; Dan. 7:19; and other places, will be seen in the following pages.

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia#6844

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6844. Take off your shoes from upon your feet' means that the powers of the senses, which form the external levels of the natural, should be removed. This is clear from the meaning of 'shoes' as the powers of the senses forming the external levels of the natural, dealt with in 1748; and from the meaning of 'feet' as the natural, dealt with in 2162, 3147, 3761, 3986, 4280, 4938-4952. 'Taking off' plainly means removing since one is talking about the powers of the senses. Particular expressions have to be used in application to the actual matter to which they refer; thus 'being taken off' is applied to shoes, and 'being removed' to the powers of the senses. The implications of all this need to be stated. Anyone can see that here 'shoes' represent something that does not accord with Him who is holy and Divine, so that 'taking off one's shoes' was representative of the removal of things like that. Without this representation what would it matter to the Divine whether a person drew near in shoes or in bare feet, provided that inwardly he is the kind of person who can draw near the Divine in faith and love? Therefore the powers of the senses are meant by 'shoes', and those powers, which form the external levels of the natural, are by nature such that they cannot remain when one thinks with reverence about the Divine. Consequently because it was a time when representatives had to be observed, Moses was not allowed to draw near with his shoes on.

[2] The reason why the powers of the senses that form the external levels of the natural are by nature such that they cannot receive the Divine is that they are steeped in ideas of worldly, bodily, and also earthly things because they are the first to receive them. Therefore sensory impressions contained in the memory as a result of the activity of the senses draw their nature from the light and heat of the world, and hardly at all from the light and heat of heaven. As a consequence they are the last things that can be regenerated, that is, receive something of the light of heaven. This explains why, when a person is ruled by his senses and sensory impressions control his thinking, he inevitably thinks of the Divine as he does of earthly things. If also he is ruled by evil those impressions make him think in ways altogether contrary to the Divine. When therefore a person thinks about the kinds of things that have to do with faith and love to God he is raised, if he is governed by good, from the powers of the senses which form the external levels of the natural to more internal levels, consequently from earthly and worldly things nearer to celestial and spiritual ones.

[3] This is something people do not know about, the reason being that they do not know that internal levels distinct and separate from external ones are present within them, or that thought exists on increasingly internal levels as well as on more external ones. And unaware of these things a person cannot reflect on them. But see what has been stated already about thought ruled by sensory impressions:

People whose thought is ruled by sensory impressions have little wisdom, 5084, 5089, 5094, 6201, 6310-6312, 6314, 6316, 6318, 6598, 6612, 6614, 6622, 6624.

A person may be raised above the level of the senses, and when he is raised he comes into a quite gentle light; and this happens especially to those who are being regenerated, 6183, 6313, 6315.

All this now shows what is meant by 'taking off one's shoes from upon one's feet'. A person's natural divides into the external, the middle, and the internal, see 4570, 5118, 5126, 5497, 5649. The internal natural is meant by 'the feet', the middle natural by 'the soles', and the external by 'the shoes'.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.