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Daniel第2章

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1 Ora no segundo ano do reinado de Nabucodonozor, teve este uns sonhos; e o seu espírito se perturbou, e passou-se-lhe o sono.

2 Então o rei mandou chamar os magos, os encantadores, os adivinhadores, e os caldeus, para que declarassem ao rei os seus sonhos; eles vieram, pois, e se apresentaram diante do rei.

3 E o rei lhes disse: Tive um sonho, e para saber o sonho está perturbado o meu espírito.

4 Os caldeus disseram ao rei em aramaico: ç rei, vive eternamente; dize o sonho a teus servos, e daremos a interpretação

5 Respondeu o rei, e disse aos caldeus: Esta minha palavra é irrevogável se não me fizerdes saber o sonho e a sua interpretação, sereis despedaçados, e as vossas casas serão feitas um monturo;

6 mas se vós me declarardes o sonho e a sua interpretação, recebereis de mim dádivas, recompensas e grande honra. Portanto declarai-me o sonho e a sua interpretação.

7 Responderam pela segunda vez: Diga o rei o sonho a seus servos, e daremos a interpretação.

8 Respondeu o rei, e disse: Bem sei eu que vós quereis ganhar tempo; porque vedes que a minha palavra é irrevogável.

9 se não me fizerdes saber o sonho, uma só sentença será a vossa; pois vós preparastes palavras mentirosas e perversas para as proferirdes na minha presença, até que se mude o tempo. portanto dizei-me o sonho, para que eu saiba que me podeis dar a sua interpretação.

10 Responderam os caldeus na presença do rei, e disseram: Não há ninguém sobre a terra que possa cumprir a palavra do rei; pois nenhum rei, por grande e poderoso que fosse, tem exigido coisa semelhante de algum mago ou encantador, ou caldeu.

11 A coisa que o rei requer é difícil, e ninguém há que a possa declarar ao rei, senão os deuses, cuja morada não é com a carne mortal.

12 Então o rei muito se irou e enfureceu, e ordenou que matassem a todos os sábios de Babilônia.

13 saiu, pois, o decreto, segundo o qual deviam ser mortos os sábios; e buscaram a Daniel e aos seus companheiros, para que fossem mortos.

14 Então Daniel falou avisada e prudentemente a Arioque, capitão da guarda do rei, que tinha saído para matar os sábios de Babilônia;

15 pois disse a Arioque, capitão do rei: Por que é o decreto do rei tão urgente? Então Arioque explicou o caso a Daniel.

16 Ao que Daniel se apresentou ao rei e pediu que lhe designasse o prazo, para que desse ao rei a interpretação.

17 Então Daniel foi para casa, e fez saber o caso a Hananias, Misael e Azarias, seus companheiros,

18 para que pedissem misericórdia ao Deus do céu sobre este mistério, a fim de que Daniel e seus companheiros não perecessem, juntamente com o resto dos sábios de Babilônia.

19 Então foi revelado o mistério a Daniel numa visão de noite; pelo que Daniel louvou o Deus do céu.

20 Disse Daniel: Seja bendito o nome de Deus para todo o sempre, porque são dele a sabedoria e a força.

21 Ele muda os tempos e as estações; ele remove os reis e estabelece os reis; é ele quem dá a sabedoria aos sábios e o entendimento aos entendidos.

22 Ele revela o profundo e o escondido; conhece o que está em trevas, e com ele mora a luz.

23 ç Deus de meus pais, a ti dou graças e louvor porque me deste sabedoria e força; e agora me fizeste saber o que te pedimos; pois nos fizeste saber este assunto do rei.

24 Por isso Daniel foi ter com Arioque, ao qual o rei tinha constituído para matar os sábios de Babilônia; entrou, e disse-lhe assim: Não mates os sábios de Babilônia; introduze-me na presença do rei, e lhe darei a interpretação.

25 Então Arioque depressa introduziu Daniel à presença do rei, e disse-lhe assim: Achei dentre os filhos dos cativos de Judá um homem que fará saber ao rei a interpretação.

26 Respondeu o rei e disse a Daniel, cujo nome era Beltessazar: Podes tu fazer-me saber o sonho que tive e a sua interpretação?

27 Respondeu Daniel na presença do rei e disse: O mistério que o rei exigiu, nem sábios, nem encantadores, nem magos, nem adivinhadores lhe podem revelar;

28 mas há um Deus no céu, o qual revela os mistérios; ele, pois, fez saber ao rei Nabucodonozor o que há de suceder nos últimos dias. O teu sonho e as visões que tiveste na tua cama são estas:

29 Estando tu, ó rei, na tua cama, subiram os teus pensamentos sobre o que havia de suceder no futuro. Aquele, pois, que revela os mistérios te fez saber o que há de ser.

30 E a mim me foi revelado este mistério, não por ter eu mais sabedoria que qualquer outro vivente, mas para que a interpretação se fizesse saber ao rei, e para que entendesses os pensamentos do teu coração.

31 Tu, ó rei, na visão olhaste e eis uma grande estátua. Esta estátua, imensa e de excelente esplendor, estava em pé diante de ti; e a sua aparência era terrível.

32 A cabeça dessa estátua era de ouro fino; o peito e os braços de prata; o ventre e as coxas de bronze;

33 as pernas de ferro; e os pés em parte de ferro e em parte de barro.

34 Estavas vendo isto, quando uma pedra foi cortada, sem auxílio de mãos, a qual feriu a estátua nos pés de ferro e de barro, e os esmiuçou.

35 Então foi juntamente esmiuçado o ferro, o barro, o bronze, a prata e o ouro, os quais se fizeram como a pragana das eiras no estio, e o vento os levou, e não se podia achar nenhum vestígio deles; a pedra, porém, que feriu a estátua se tornou uma grande montanha, e encheu toda a terra.

36 Este é o sonho; agora diremos ao rei a sua interpretação.

37 Tu, ó rei, és rei de reis, a quem o Deus do céu tem dado o reino, o poder, a força e a glória;

38 e em cuja mão ele entregou os filhos dos homens, onde quer que habitem, os animais do campo e as aves do céu, e te fez reinar sobre todos eles; tu és a cabeça de ouro.

39 Depois de ti se levantará outro reino, inferior ao teu; e um terceiro reino, de bronze, o qual terá domínio sobre toda a terra.

40 E haverá um quarto reino, forte como ferro, porquanto o ferro esmiúça e quebra tudo; como o ferro quebra todas as coisas, assim ele quebrantará e esmiuçará.

41 Quanto ao que viste dos pés e dos dedos, em parte de barro de oleiro, e em parte de ferro, isso será um reino dividido; contudo haverá nele alguma coisa da firmeza do ferro, pois que viste o ferro misturado com barro de lodo.

42 E como os dedos dos pés eram em parte de ferro e em parte de barro, assim por uma parte o reino será forte, e por outra será frágil.

43 Quanto ao que viste do ferro misturado com barro de lodo, misturar-se-ão pelo casamento; mas não se ligarão um ao outro, assim como o ferro não se mistura com o barro.

44 Mas, nos dias desses reis, o Deus do céu suscitará um reino que não será jamais destruído; nem passará a soberania deste reino a outro povo; mas esmiuçará e consumirá todos esses reinos, e subsistirá para sempre.

45 Porquanto viste que do monte foi cortada uma pedra, sem auxílio de mãos, e ela esmiuçou o ferro, o bronze, o barro, a prata e o ouro, o grande Deus faz saber ao rei o que há de suceder no futuro. Certo é o sonho, e fiel a sua interpretação.

46 Então o rei Nabucodonozor caiu com o rosto em terra, e adorou a Daniel, e ordenou que lhe oferecessem uma oblação e perfumes suaves.

47 Respondeu o rei a Daniel, e disse: Verdadeiramente, o vosso Deus é Deus dos deuses, e o Senhor dos reis, e o revelador dos mistérios, pois pudeste revelar este misterio.

48 Então o rei engrandeceu a Daniel, e lhe deu muitas e grandes dádivas, e o pôs por governador sobre toda a província de Babilônia, como também o fez chefe principal de todos os sábios de Babilônia.

49 A pedido de Daniel, o rei constituiu superintendentes sobre os negócios da província de Babilônia a Sadraque, Mesaque e Abednego; mas Daniel permaneceu na corte do rei.

   

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Apocalypse Explained#70

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70. The reason why the feet are said to be like unto fine brass is, that by fine brass is meant brass polished and shining, like something fiery; and brass in the Word signifies natural good. Metals, like all other things in the Word, are significative. Gold in the Word signifies celestial good, which is inmost good; silver signifies its truth, which is spiritual good; brass natural good, which is ultimate good, and iron its truth, which is natural truth. That such things are signified by metals, is from correspondence; for many things are seen in heaven shining like gold and silver, and also many things shining like brass and iron. And it is there known, that by those things are signified the above-mentioned kinds of good and truth; this is why the ancients, who were in the knowledge of correspondences, named the ages after those metals. The first age they called the golden age, because innocence, love and wisdom therefrom, then reigned; but the second age they called the silver age, because truth from that good, or spiritual good, and intelligence therefrom, then reigned; the third age they called the brazen, or copper, age, because only natural good, which is what is just and sincere pertaining to moral life, then reigned; but the last age they called the iron age, because only truth without good then reigned, and when that reigns, then also falsity reigns. The reason why the ages were thus distinguished, was from the spiritual signification of those metals.

[2] From these considerations it is evident what is signified by the statue of Nebuchadnezzar, seen in his dream,

"whose head was of gold, the chest and arms of silver, the belly and thighs of brass, the legs of iron, and the feet partly of iron and partly of clay" (Dan. 2:32, 33).

The state of the church from its first time to its last as to good and truth, is here signified; its last time was when the Lord came into the world.

When it is known that gold signifies celestial good, silver spiritual good, brass natural good, and iron natural truth, many arcana in the Word where those metals are mentioned can be known. For example, what is signified by these words in Isaiah:

"For brass I will bring gold, for iron I will bring silver, and for wood brass, and for stones iron; I will also make thy government peace, and thine exactors justice" (60:17).

[3] But as the signification of brass is what is here treated of, as being natural good, it is necessary only to adduce a few passages where brass is mentioned and signifies that good. Thus in Moses:

"Asher acceptable to his brethren, and dipping his foot in oil; iron and brass thy shoe, and as thy day, thy fame" (Deuteronomy 33:24, 25).

Asher, as one of the tribes, signifies the happiness of life, and the delight of the affections (see Arcana Coelestia 3938, 3939, 6408); to dip the foot in oil signifies natural delight (that oil denotes delight, see n. 9954, and that the foot denotes the Natural, see above, n. 69); the shoe being iron and brass signifies the lowest Natural derived from truth and good, shoe denoting the lowest Natural (see n. 1748, 1860, 6844); iron is its truth, and brass its good, as above. Again,

"Jehovah thy God will bring thee into a rich land; a land out of whose stones thou shalt cut iron, and out of whose mountains brass" (Deuteronomy 8:7, 9).

And in Jeremiah:

"I will give thee unto this people for a fortified wall of brass, that they may fight against thee, and not prevail over thee" (15:20).

And in Ezekiel:

"Javan, Tubal, and Mesech, they were thy merchants; with the soul of man and vessels of brass they gave thy merchandise" (27:13).

In this chapter the merchandises of Tyre are treated of, by which are signified the knowledges (cognitiones) of good and truth. By the names Javan, Tubal, and Mesech, are signified those things that pertain to good and truth, to which the knowledges relate; the soul of man denotes the truth of life; vessels of brass denote scientifics of natural good.

[4] (What is signified by Tyre, may be seen, Arcana Coelestia 1201; what by merchandises, n. 2967, 4453; what by Tubal and Mesech, n. 1151; what by Javan, n. 1152, 1153, 1155; what by the soul of man, n. 2930, 9050, 9281; what by vessels, n. 3068, 3079, 3316, 3318.)

Again, in the same prophet:

The feet of the cherubs "shone like the appearance of polished brass" (1:7).

(What the cherubs and the feet signify, may be seen above, n. 69.) And in the same prophet:

"I saw, and, lo, a man, whose appearance was like the appearance of brass, and a thread of flax in his hands; he stood in the gate" (40:3).

Because the angel here mentioned measured the wall and the gates of the house of God, which signify the externals of the church, his appearance was seen to be the appearance of brass.

He who knows that brass signifies the external of the church, which in itself is natural, may in some measure understand why the altar of burnt-offering was overlaid with brass, and the gate round it was of brass, and the vessels of brass (Exodus 27:1-4), also why the great vessel, which was called the sea, with the twelve oxen under it, and the ten lavers with the bases, and also all the vessels of the tabernacle for the house of God, were made by Solomon of polished brass (1 Kings 7:43-47). He who knows what brass signifies, can also enter into the arcanum why a serpent of brass was commanded to be set up for the people to look at, concerning which it is thus written in Moses:

"Jehovah sent serpents among the people, which bit the people. And he said unto Moses, Make thee a serpent, and set it upon a pole; and it shall come to pass that every one that is bitten, when he hath looked upon it, shall live. And Moses made a serpent of brass, and set it upon a pole, and it came to pass, that when a serpent had bitten any man, and he looked upon the serpent of brass, he lived" (Numbers 21:6, 8, 9).

That the Lord was signified by that serpent, He himself teaches in John:

"As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life" (3:14, 15).

By the serpent is signified the ultimate of life in man, which is called the external Sensual, which is natural. To represent this ultimate, which in the Lord was Divine, among the sons of Israel, with whom all things were representative, a serpent of brass was made; and the signification was, that, if they looked to the Divine Human of the Lord, they would revive, that is, if they believed in Him, they should have eternal life, as the Lord himself also teaches. (That to see in the spiritual sense is to believe, may be seen above, n. 37, 68; and that a serpent denotes the external Sensual, which is the ultimate of the life of man, see Arcana Coelestia 195-197, 6398, 6949, 10313.) That brass and iron in the Word also signify what is hard, as in Isaiah 48:4; Dan. 7:19; and other places, will be seen in the following pages.

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia#2930

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2930. 'If you are willing' means if on account of an affection for truth coming from the heart. This is clear from the meaning of 'soul' in the internal sense. The expression 'with heart and soul' or 'with all the heart and with all the soul' occurs in various places in the Word where with all the will and all the understanding is meant. The fact that man possesses the dual powers of will and understanding, and also that the will is separated from the understanding may be well known to everyone, for we are all able to understand what is good and true but nevertheless will what is evil and false. From the beginning the human being was created in such a way that will and understanding with him were to make one, so that he would not think anything other than what he willed, nor will anything other than what he thought. Such is the state with celestial people and such it was in the celestial Church which was called Man or Adam. But with spiritual people, that is, in the spiritual Church, the first ability is separated from the second, that is to say, that of the understanding is separated from that of the will. A spiritual person is reformed by the Lord as to the former, namely the understanding part of his mind, and then within this there is formed a new will and a new understanding, 863, 875, 895, 897, 927, 928, 1023, 1043, 1044, 2256.

[2] The new will there, which is received from the Lord, is what is called 'the heart', while the new understanding is what is called 'the soul'. And when the expression 'with all the heart and with all the soul' is used, with all the will and with all the understanding is meant. This is what is meant by 'heart and soul' in Moses,

This day Jehovah your God is commanding you to observe these statutes and judgements - that you may keep and observe them with all your heart and with all your soul. Deuteronomy 26:16.

You shall love Jehovah your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength. Deuteronomy 6:5.

In the same author,

Now Israel, what does Jehovah your God require of you except to fear Jehovah your God, to go in all His ways, and to love Him, and to serve Jehovah your God with all your heart and with all your soul? Deuteronomy 10:12; 11:13.

In the same author,

In the Book of Kings,

David said to Solomon, Jehovah will establish His Word which He spoke concerning me, saying, If [your] sons take heed to their way to walk before Me in truth with all their heart and with all their soul, there will not fail you a man on the throne of Israel. 1 Kings 2:4.

In Matthew,

You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind. Matthew 22:37; Mark 12:29-30.

[3] The same is also said of Jehovah or the Lord because with the member of the Church He is the source of affection for good, which belongs to the will, and of the affection for truth, which belongs to the understanding; as in Samuel,

I will raise up for Myself a faithful priest, [who will do] according to what is in My heart and in My soul. 1 Samuel 2:35.

And in Jeremiah,

I will rejoice over them to do good to them, and I will plant them in this land in truth, with all My heart, and with all My soul. Jeremiah 32:41.

And there are still other places in the Word where 'soul' means the affection for truth, as in Isaiah,

With my soul I desired You in the night; even with my spirit within me I sought You early. For insofar as Your judgements are in the earth the inhabitants of the world learn righteousness. Isaiah 26:9.

Here 'soul' stands for an affection for truth, 'spirit' for an affection for good. 'Judgements' has reference to truths, and 'righteousness' to good, see 2235.

[4] In the same prophet,

The fool speaks folly, to make empty the hungry soul, and causes the [soul] thirsting for drink to fail. Isaiah 32:6.

'The hungry soul', which 'the fool makes empty', stands for the desire for good, while 'the soul thirsting for drink', which 'the fool causes to fail', stands for the desire for truth. In Jeremiah,

Their soul will become like a watered garden, and I will water the weary soul, and every sorrowful soul I will replenish. Jeremiah 31:12, 25.

'The soul' stands for the affection for truth and good. In the same prophet,

All its people groan as they search for bread. They have given their desirable things for food, to revive the soul. A comforter is far from me, one to revive my soul; my sons have been made desolate. They sought food for themselves to revive their soul. Lamentations 1:11, 16, 19.

'The soul' stands for the life of the affection for good and truth, 'food' stands for wisdom and intelligence.

[5] It has been said that 'the soul' means the affection for truth coming from the heart, because some affections for truth exist which do not come from the heart, such as those which come from self-love, which is the desire to be above others; from love of the world, which is the love of gain; and from love of merit. Affections for truth spring in a similar way from these loves, but they are not genuine affections. They come from the will of the flesh, not from the heart. That which comes from the heart comes from the Lord. Furthermore 'the soul' in the Word means in the universal sense all life, see 1000, 1005, 1040, 1742. Indeed in the universal sense the soul constitutes that from which another thing has its being and life. Thus the soul of the body is its spirit, since it is from this that the body has life. The soul of the spirit however is its still more interior life from which it derives its wisdom and intelligence.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.