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Daniel 1

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1 Năm thứ ba về đời Giê-hô gia-kim, vua Giu-đa, thì Nê-bu-cát-nết-sa, vua Ba-by-lôn, đến thành Giê-ru-sa-lem và vây lấy.

2 Chúa phó Giê-hô-gia-kim vua Giu-đa, và một phần khí mạnh của nhà Ðức Chúa Trời vào tay người. Nê-bu-cát-nết-sa đem khí mạnh ấy về đất Si-nê-a, vào nhà của thần mình, và để trong kho của thần mình.

3 Vua truyền cho Át-bê-na, là người làm đầu các hoạn quan mình, lấy trong con cái Y-sơ-ra-ên, trong dòng vua, và trong hàng quan sang, mà đem đến

4 mấy kẻ trai trẻ không có tật nguyền, mặt mày xinh tốt, tập mọi sự khôn ngoan, biết cách trí, đủ sự thông hiểu khoa học, có thể đứng chầu trong cung vua, và dạy cho học thức và tiếng của người Canh-đê.

5 Vua định mỗi ngày ban cho họ một phần đồ ngon vua ăn và rượu vua uống, hầu cho khi đã nuôi họ như vậy ba năm rồi, thì họ sẽ đứng chầu trước mặt vua.

6 Trong bọn đó có Ða-ni-ên, Ha-na-nia, Mi-sa-ên và A-xa-ria là thuộc về con cái Giu-đa.

7 Người làm đầu hoạn quan đặt tên cho họ: Ða-ni-ên tên Bên-tơ-xát-sa; cho Ha-na-nia tên Sa-đơ-rắc; cho Mi-sa-ên tên Mê-sác; và cho A-xa-ria tên A-bết-Nê-gô.

8 Vả, Ða-ni-ên quyết định trong lòng rằng không chịu ô uế bởi đồ ngon vua ăn và rượu vua uống, nên cầu xin người làm đầu hoạn quan để đừng bắt mình phải tự làm ô uế.

9 Ðức Chúa Trời khiến Ða-ni-ên được ơn và thương xót trước mặt người làm đầu hoạn quan.

10 Người làm đầu hoạn quan bảo Ða-ni-ên rằng: Ta sợ vua, là chủ ta, đã chỉ định đồ ăn đồ uống của các ngươi. Lẽ nào vua sẽ thấy mặt mày các ngươi tiều tụy hơn những kẻ trai trẻ khác đồng tuổi với các ngươi, và các ngươi nộp đầu ta cho vua sao?

11 Ða-ni-ên bèn nói với Ham-mên-xa mà người làm đầu hoạn quan đã khiến coi sóc Ða-ni-ên, Ha-na-nia, Mi-sa-ên và A-xa-ria, rằng:

12 Tôi xin ông hãy thử những kẻ tôi tớ ông trong mười ngày, cho chúng tôi chỉ ăn rau uống nước.

13 Sau đó, sẽ nhìn nét mặt chúng tôi với nét mặt những kẻ trai trẻ ăn đồ ăn ngon của vua; rồi ông sẽ làm cho những kẻ tôi tớ ông theo như điều ông đã thấy.

14 Ham-mên-xa nhậm lời họ xin, và thử họ trong mười ngày.

15 Mười ngày ấy qua rồi, thấy mặt họ lại có vẻ xinh tươi đầy đặn hơn mọi kẻ trai trẻ khác đã ăn đồ ngon vua ăn.

16 Vậy, Ham-nên-xa cất phần đồ ăn ngon và rượu của họ, và cho họ ăn rau.

17 Vả, Ðức Chúa Trời ban cho bốn người trai trẻ đó được thông biết tỏ sáng trong mọi thứ học thức và khôn ngoan. Ða-ni-ên cũng biết được mọi sự hiện thấy và chiêm bao.

18 Ðến kỳ vua định để đem họ đến, thì người làm đầu hoạn quan dắt họ đến trước mặt Nê-bu-cát-nết-sa.

19 Vua nói chuyện cùng họ; và trong hết thảy bọn họ, không thấy ai bằng Ða-ni-ên, Ha-na-nia, Mi-sa-ên, và A-sa-ria; vậy họ được đứng chầu trước mặt vua.

20 Vả, khi vua hỏi họ những câu hỏi về mọi sự khôn ngoan sáng suốt, thì thấy họ giỏi hơn gấp mười những đồng bóng và thuật sĩ trong cả nước mình.

21 Vậy nên Ða-ni-ên cứ ở đó cho đến năm đầu đời vua Si-ru.

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Giê-rê-mi 27:4

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4 Khác dặn họ tâu cùng chủ mình rằng: Ðức Giê-hô-va vạn quân, Ðức Chúa Trời của Y-sơ-ra-ên, phán như vầy: Các ngươi hãy tâu cùng chủ mình rằng:

Från Swedenborgs verk

 

Arcana Coelestia #9406

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9406. 'And under His feet' means the lowest level of meaning, which is that of the letter itself. This is clear from the meaning of 'feet' as natural things, dealt with in 2162, 3147, 3761, 3986, 4280, 4938-4952, so that the soles under the feet are the lowest things in the natural order. The reason why the lowest level of meaning in the Word, which is the sense of the letter, is meant here by 'under the feet' is that these words refer to Divine Truth or the Word, which comes from the Lord and is the Lord, as may be recognized from what has come before. And the lowest level of God's truth or the Word is the Word as it exists in the sense of the letter, that is, the natural sense since it is intended for the natural man. The fact that the sense of the letter contains an internal sense, which in comparison is spiritual and heavenly, is clear from all those things which have been shown up to now regarding the Word. But the more worldly- and bodily-minded a person is, the less he understands this, because he does not allow himself to be raised into spiritual light and from there to see what the Word is like, namely that in the letter it is natural and in the internal sense is spiritual. For it is possible to see from the spiritual world or the light of heaven what lower things down to the lowest are like, but not from below upwards, 9401 (end), and so to see that the Word in the letter is as described above.

[2] Since the Word in the letter is natural, and natural things are meant by 'the feet', the lowest level of the Word, like the lowest of the Church, is called 'the place of Jehovah's feet', also 'His footstool', 1 as well as 'clouds and darkness' in comparison, as in Isaiah,

They will keep Your gates open continually, to bring to You the army 2 of the nations, and their kings in procession. 3 The glory of Lebanon will come to You, the fir, the pine, and the box tree together, to beautify the place of My sanctuary; and I will make the place of My feet glorious. Isaiah 60:11, 13.

This refers to the Lord and to His kingdom and Church. 'The army of the nations' is used to mean those with whom forms of the good of faith exist, and 'kings' to mean those with whom the truths of faith are present. For the meaning of 'nations' as those with whom forms of the good of faith exist, see 1259, 1328, 1416, 1849, 4574, 6005, and for that of 'kings' as those with whom truths are present, 1672, 2015, 2069, 3009, 4575, 4581, 4966, 5044, 5068, 6148. 'The glory of Lebanon', or the cedar, is spiritual good and truth; 'the fir, the pine, and the box tree' are corresponding, natural forms of good and truth; 'the place of the sanctuary' is heaven and the Church, and the Word as well; 'the place of the feet' is heaven, the Church, and the Word as well, on their lowest levels. The reason why the Word as well is meant is that heaven is heaven, and the Church likewise the Church, by virtue of Divine Truth emanating from the Lord, and Divine Truth which makes the Church and heaven is the Word. This also explains why the inmost part of the tent in which the ark containing the law was is called 'the sanctuary'; for 'the law' is the Word, 6752. In the same prophet,

The heavens are My throne and the earth My footstool. Isaiah 66:1.

[3] In David,

Exalt Jehovah our God, and worship at His footstool. Holy is He! Moses and Aaron were among His priests; He spoke to them in the pillar of cloud. Psalms 99:5-7.

'Jehovah's footstool' which they were to worship at is Divine Truth on its lowest levels, thus the Word. 'Moses and Aaron' in the representative sense are the Word, see 7089, 7382, 9373, 9374, and 'cloud' is the Word in the letter or Divine Truth on its lowest levels, see Preface to Genesis 18, and 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343 (end), 6752, 8106, 8781; and from all this it is evident what 'speaking in the pillar of cloud' means.

[4] In the same author,

We heard of Him in Ephrathah, we found Him in the fields of the wood. We will enter His dwelling-places, and we will bow down at His footstool. Psalms 132:6-7.

This refers to the Lord and the revelation of Himself in the Word. 'Finding Him in Ephrathah' means doing so in the spiritual-celestial sense of the Word, 4585, 4594, 'in the fields of the wood' in the natural or literal sense of the Word, 3220, 9011 (end). 'Footstool' stands for Divine Truth emanating from the Lord, as it exists on the lowest levels of the Word.

[5] In the same author,

Jehovah bowed heaven, and thick darkness was under His feet. He made darkness His hiding-place - darkness of waters, clouds of the heavens. From the brightness before Him His clouds passed away. Psalms 18:9, 11-12.

This refers to the Lord's coming and presence in the Word. 'Thick darkness under His feet' stands for the sense of the letter of the Word, as does 'darkness of waters' and 'clouds of the heavens'. The fact that this very sense holds within itself Divine Truth as this exists in the heavens is meant by 'He made darkness His hiding-place'; and the fact that at the presence of the Lord the internal sense then appears, as it exists in heaven, and in its glory, is meant by 'from the brightness before Him His clouds pass away'. In Nahum,

The way of Jehovah is in storm and tempest, and the clouds are the dust of His feet. Nahum 1:3.

Here also 'the clouds' stands for the Word in the sense of the letter, which is also meant by 'storm and tempest', in which 'the way of Jehovah' lies.

[6] When God's truth as it is in heaven shines through for a person in the actual sense of the letter, this sense is then portrayed as 'the feet', which have a shine 'like that of burnished bronze', as also in Daniel,

I lifted up my eyes and saw, and behold, a Man clothed in linen whose loins were girded with gold of Uphaz, and His body was like tarshish; 4 and His face was like the appearance 5 of lightning, and His eyes were like fiery torches; His arms and His feet were like the shine of burnished bronze, and the sound of His words like the sound of a crowd. Daniel 10:5-6.

Here 'a Man clothed in linen' is used to mean in the highest sense the Lord; and since the Lord is meant it is also used to mean Divine Truth emanating from Him. For Divine Truth that emanates from the Lord is the Lord Himself in heaven and in the Church. God's truth or the Lord on lowest levels is meant by 'arms and feet like the shine of burnished bronze', and also by 'the sound of His words like the sound of a crowd'; and something similar is meant in Ezekiel 1:7.

[7] The successive state of the Church on this planet so far as reception of God's truth emanating from the Lord is concerned is also meant by the statue seen by Nebuchadnezzar, in Daniel,

The head of the statue was gold, its breast and its arms were silver, its belly and thighs were bronze, its legs were iron, its feet were partly iron and partly clay which did not cohere with each other. And the stone cut out of the rock smashed to pieces the iron, clay, bronze, silver, and gold. Daniel 2:32-35, 43, 45.

The first state of the Church so far as reception of God's truth emanating from the Lord is concerned is 'the gold', because 'gold' means celestial good, which is the good of love to the Lord, 113, 1551, 1552, 5658, 8932. The second state is meant by 'the silver', this being spiritual good, which is the good of faith in the Lord and of charity towards the neighbour, 1551, 2954, 5658, 7999. The third state is meant by 'the bronze', which is natural good, 425, 1551. And the fourth state is meant by 'the iron', which is natural truth, 425, 426. 'The clay' means falsity, which does not cohere with truth and good. The smashing to pieces of the iron, bronze, silver, and gold by the stone cut out of the rock means the destruction of the Church so far as reception of truth from the Word is concerned when the sense of the letter of the Word is used to reinforce falsity and evil. This happens when the Church is in its final state, at which time it is no longer governed by any heavenly love, only by worldly and bodily love. This was how it was with the Word so far as reception of it among the Jewish nation was concerned when the Lord came into the world. And it is how it is with the Word among the majority at the present day. They are not even aware that there is anything inwardly present in the Word; and if they were told that there is and what it is like they would not accept it. Yet in most ancient times, which are meant by 'the gold', people saw within the sense of the letter of the Word nothing apart from what was heavenly, almost independently of the letter.

From all this it may now be recognized that 'the God of Israel' and what was seen 'under His feet' means the Word on its lowest level of meaning, which is the sense of the letter.

Fotnoter:

1. literally, the stool of His feet

2. Though the Hebrew word means army it may be rendered alternatively as strength or as wealth. Most English versions of the Scriptures prefer one of these.

3. literally, their kings will be led

4. A Hebrew word for a particular kind of precious stone, possibly a beryl.

5. literally, the face

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.