Bibeln

 

Éxodo 29

Studie

   

1 Y ESTO es lo que les harás para consagrarlos, para que sean mis sacerdotes: Toma un becerro de la vacada, y dos carneros sin tacha;

2 Y panes sin levadura, y tortas sin levadura amasadas con aceite, y hojaldres sin levadura untadas con aceite; las cuales cosas harás de flor de harina de trigo:

3 Y las pondrás en un canastillo, y en el canastillo las ofrecerás, con el becerro y los dos carneros.

4 Y harás llegar á Aarón y á sus hijos á la puerta del tabernáculo del testimonio, y los lavarás con agua.

5 Y tomarás las vestiduras, y vestirás á Aarón la túnica y el manto del ephod, y el ephod, y el racional, y le ceñirás con el cinto del ephod;

6 Y pondrás la mitra sobre su cabeza, y sobre la mitra pondrás la diadema santa.

7 Y tomarás el aceite de la unción, y derramarás sobre su cabeza, y le ungirás.

8 Y harás llegar sus hijos, y les vestirás las túnicas.

9 Y les ceñirás el cinto, á Aarón y á sus hijos, y les atarás los chapeos (tiaras), y tendrán el sacerdocio por fuero perpetuo: y henchirás las manos de Aarón y de sus hijos.

10 Y harás llegar el becerro delante del tabernáculo del testimonio, y Aarón y sus hijos pondrán sus manos sobre la cabeza del becerro.

11 Y matarás el becerro delante de Jehová á la puerta del tabernáculo del testimonio.

12 Y tomarás de la sangre del becerro, y pondrás sobre los cuernos del altar con tu dedo, y derramarás toda la demás sangre al pie del altar.

13 Tomarás también todo el sebo que cubre los intestinos, y el redaño de sobre el hígado, y los dos riñones, y el sebo que está sobre ellos, y los quemarás sobre el altar.

14 Empero consumirás á fuego fuera del campo la carne del becerro, y su pellejo, y su estiércol: es expiación.

15 Asimismo tomarás el un carnero, y Aarón y sus hijos pondrán sus manos sobre la cabeza del carnero.

16 Y matarás el carnero, y tomarás su sangre, y rociarás sobre el altar alrededor.

17 Y cortarás el carnero en pedazos, y lavarás sus intestinos y sus piernas, y las pondrás sobre sus trozos y sobre su cabeza.

18 Y quemarás todo el carnero sobre el altar: es holocausto á Jehová, olor grato, es ofrenda quemada á Jehová.

19 Tomarás luego el otro carnero, y Aarón y sus hijos pondrán sus manos sobre la cabeza del carnero:

20 Y matarás el carnero, y tomarás de su sangre, y pondrás sobre la ternilla de la oreja derecha de Aarón, y sobre la ternilla de las orejas de sus hijos, y sobre el dedo pulgar de las manos derechas de ellos, y sobre el dedo pulgar de los pies derechos de e

21 Y tomarás de la sangre que hay sobre el altar, y del aceite de la unción, y esparcirás sobre Aarón, y sobre sus vestiduras, y sobre sus hijos, y sobre las vestimentas de éstos; y él será santificado, y sus vestiduras, y sus hijos, y las vestimentas de sus

22 Luego tomarás del carnero el sebo, y la cola, y el sebo que cubre los intestinos, y el redaño del hígado, y los dos riñones, y el sebo que está sobre ellos, y la espaldilla derecha; porque es carnero de consagraciones:

23 También una torta de pan, y una hojaldre amasada con aceite, y una lasaña del canastillo de los ázimos presentado á Jehová;

24 Y lo has de poner todo en las manos de Aarón, y en las manos de sus hijos; y lo mecerás agitándolo delante de Jehová.

25 Después lo tomarás de sus manos, y lo harás arder sobre el altar en holocausto, por olor agradable delante de Jehová. Es ofrenda encendida á Jehová.

26 Y tomarás el pecho del carnero de las consagraciones, que fue inmolado para la de Aarón, y lo mecerás por ofrenda agitada delante de Jehová; y será porción tuya.

27 Y apartarás el pecho de la ofrenda mecida, y la espaldilla de la santificación, lo que fue mecido y lo que fue santificado del carnero de las consagraciones de Aarón y de sus hijos:

28 Y será para Aarón y para sus hijos por estatuto perpetuo de los hijos de Israel, porque es porción elevada; y será tomada de los hijos de Israel de sus sacrificios pacíficos, porción de ellos elevada en ofrenda á Jehová.

29 Y las vestimentas santas, que son de Aarón, serán de sus hijos después de él, para ser ungidos con ellas, y para ser con ellas consagrados.

30 Por siete días las vestirá el sacerdote de sus hijos, que en su lugar viniere al tabernáculo del testimonio á servir en el santuario.

31 Y tomarás el carnero de las consagraciones, y cocerás su carne en el lugar del santuario.

32 Y Aarón y sus hijos comerán la carne del carnero, y el pan que está en el canastillo, á la puerta del tabernáculo del testimonio.

33 Y comerán aquellas cosas con las cuales se hizo expiación, para henchir sus manos para ser santificados: mas el extranjero no comerá, porque es cosa santa.

34 Y si sobrare algo de la carne de las consagraciones y del pan hasta la mañana, quemarás al fuego lo que hubiere sobrado: no se comerá, porque es cosa santa.

35 Así pues harás á Aarón y á sus hijos, conforme á todas las cosas que yo te he mandado: por siete días los consagrarás.

36 Y sacrificarás el becerro de la expiación en cada día para las expiaciones; y purificarás el altar en habiendo hecho expiación por él, y lo ungirás para santificarlo.

37 Por siete días expiarás el altar, y lo santificarás, y será un altar santísimo: cualquiera cosa que tocare al altar, será santificada.

38 Y esto es lo que ofrecerás sobre el altar: dos corderos de un año cada día, sin intermisión.

39 Ofrecerás el un cordero á la mañana, y el otro cordero ofrecerás á la caída de la tarde:

40 Además una décima parte de un epha de flor de harina amasada con la cuarta parte de un hin de aceite molido: y la libación será la cuarta parte de un hin de vino con cada cordero.

41 Y ofrecerás el otro cordero á la caída de la tarde, haciendo conforme á la ofrenda de la mañana, y conforme á su libación, en olor de suavidad; será ofrenda encendida á Jehová.

42 Esto será holocausto continuo por vuestras generaciones á la puerta del tabernáculo del testimonio delante de Jehová, en el cual me concertaré con vosotros, para hablaros allí.

43 Y allí testificaré de mí á los hijos de Israel, y el lugar será santificado con mi gloria.

44 Y santificaré el tabernáculo del testimonio y el altar: santificaré asimismo á Aarón y á sus hijos, para que sean mis sacerdotes.

45 Y habitaré entre los hijos de Israel, y seré su Dios.

46 Y conocerán que yo soy Jehová su Dios, que los saqué de la tierra de Egipto, para habitar en medio de ellos: Yo Jehová su Dios.

   

Från Swedenborgs verk

 

Apocalypse Explained #278

Studera detta avsnitt

  
/ 1232  
  

278. Verse 7. And the first animal was like a lion, signifies the appearance, in ultimates, of Divine truth proceeding from the Lord in respect to power and effect. This is evident from the signification of "lion," as being Divine truth proceeding from the Lord in respect to power and effect (of which in what follows). It means appearance in ultimates, because the cherubim were seen as animals, and this first one like a lion. It is said in ultimates, because that appearance was before John when he was in the spirit, and he saw all things in ultimates, in which Divine celestial and Divine spiritual things are variously represented, now by gardens and paradises, now by palaces and temples, now by rivers and waters, now by living creatures of various kinds, such as lions, camels, horses, oxen, bullocks, sheep, lambs, doves, eagles, and many others. Like things were seen by the prophets through whom the Word was written, in order that the Word in its ultimates, which are the things contained in the sense of the letter, might consist of such things as exist in the world, which might be representations and correspondences of celestial and spiritual things, and thus might serve as a basis and foundation to the spiritual sense. For this reason also the cherubim (which signify the guard and providence of the Lord that the higher heavens be not approached except from the good of love and charity) were seen by John and also by Ezekiel, in respect to their faces, as animals.

Since it is the Lord who guards and provides, and this through Divine truth and Divine good, thus through His Divine wisdom and intelligence, four animals were seen, which were like a lion, a calf, a man, and an eagle; for thus by "lion" Divine truth in respect to power was represented, by "calf" Divine good in respect to protection, by "man" the Divine wisdom, and by "eagle" the Divine intelligence; which four things are included in the Lord's Divine Providence in its guarding the higher heavens, that they be not approached except from the good of love and charity.

[2] That a "lion" signifies Divine truth proceeding from the Lord in respect to power is evident from the passages in the Word in which "lion" is mentioned; as from the following, in Moses:

Judah is a lion's whelp; from the prey, my son, thou are gone up; he couched, he lay down as an old lion; who shall rouse him up? (Genesis 49:9).

"Judah" here signifies the Lord's celestial kingdom, where all are in power from the Lord through Divine truth; this power is meant by a "lion's whelp," and by an "old lion;" "the prey from which he goeth up" signifies the dispersion of falsities and evils; "to couch" signifies to put oneself into power; "lying down" signifies to be in security from every falsity and evil; therefore it is said, "Who shall rouse him up?" (That "Judah" in the Word signifies the celestial kingdom of the Lord, see Arcana Coelestia, n. 3654, 3881, 5603, 5782, 6363; that "prey," in reference to that kingdom and to the Lord, signifies the dispersion of falsities and evils, and the rescue and deliverance from hell, n. 6368, 6442; that "couching" in reference to a lion, signifies to put oneself into power, n. 6369; and that "lying down" signifies a state of security and tranquillity, n. Arcana Coelestia 3696[1-5])

[3] In the same:

At this time it shall be said to Jacob and to Israel, What hath God wrought? Behold the people riseth up as an old lion, and as a young lion doth he lift himself up; he shall not lie down until he eat of what is torn (Numbers 23:23, 24).

In the same:

He coucheth, he lieth down as an old lion; who shall rouse him up? Blessed is he that blesseth thee, and cursed is he that curseth thee (Numbers 24:9).

This is said of "Jacob and Israel," who signify the Lord's spiritual kingdom; their power is described by an "old lion" and a "young lion" rising, lifting himself up, and couching; the dispersion of falsities and evils is signified by "eating of what is torn," and a state of security and tranquillity by "he lieth down, who shall rouse him up?" (That "Jacob" and "Israel" in the Word signify the Lord's spiritual kingdom, see Arcana Coelestia 4286, 4570, 5973, 6426, 8805, 9340; what the Lord's celestial kingdom is, and what His spiritual kingdom is, see in the work on Heaven and Hell 20-28). That "to couch" is to put oneself into power; that "prey" and "spoil" mean the dispersion of falsities and evils; and that "lying down" means a state of security and tranquillity, when these things are said of a lion, see just above.

[4] In Nahum:

Where is the abode of the lions, and the feeding place of the young lions? where walked the lion, the old lion, the lion's whelp, and none maketh them afraid? (Nahum 2:11).

Here also "lions" signify those who are in power through Divine truth; "their abode" signifies where there are such in the church; their "feeding place" signifies the knowledges of truth and good; their "walking and none making them afraid" signifies their state of security from evils and falsities.

[5] In Micah:

The remnant of Jacob shall be in the midst of many peoples, as dew from Jehovah, as the drops upon the herb. As a lion among the beasts of the forest, as a young lion among the flocks of sheep, who if he go through shall tread down and tear in pieces so that none delivereth, thine hand shall be lifted up above thine adversaries, and all thine enemies shall be cut off (Micah 5:7-9).

The "remnant of Jacob" signifies the truths and goods of the church; "dew from Jehovah" signifies spiritual truth; "drops upon the herb" natural truth; "a lion among the beasts of the forest," and "a young lion among the flocks of sheep," and "treading down and tearing, and none delivering," signify power over evils and falsities; because of this signification it is said, "thine hand shall be lifted up above thine adversaries, and all thine enemies shall be cut off;" for "adversaries" signify evils, and "enemies" falsities (See Arcana Coelestia 2851[1-15], 8289, 9314, 10481).

[6] In Isaiah:

The Lord said, Go set a watchman, who may look and announce. And he saw a chariot, a pair of horsemen, an ass chariot, a camel chariot; and he harkened a hearkening; a lion upon a watch-tower called out, O lord, I stand continually in the daytime, and I am set upon my watch all the nights: Babylon is fallen, is fallen (Isaiah 21:6-9).

This treats of the coming of the Lord and a new church at that time. "A lion upon a watch-tower" signifies the Lord's guard and providence; therefore it is said, "I stand continually in the daytime, and I am set upon my watch all the nights." A "chariot" and a "pair of horsemen" signify the doctrine of truth from the Word; "harkening a harkening" signifies a life according to that doctrine. (That "chariot" signifies the doctrine of truth, see Arcana Coelestia 2761, 2762, 5321, 8029, 8215; that "horseman" signifies the Word in respect to the understanding, see n. 2761, 6401, 6534, 7024, 8146, 8148.)

[7] In the same:

Like as the lion and the young lion roareth over what he hath torn which 1 a multitude of shepherds meeteth, so shall Jehovah come down to fight upon Mount Zion and upon the hill thereof (Isaiah 31:4).

Here Jehovah is compared to "a roaring lion," because a "lion" signifies power to lead forth from hell or from evils, and to "roar" signifies defense against evils and falsities; therefore it is said, "so shall Jehovah Zebaoth come down to fight upon Mount Zion and upon the hill thereof," "Mount Zion and the hill thereof" meaning the celestial church and the spiritual church; and "that which is torn over which the lion and the young lion roar" signifying deliverance from evils, which are from hell.

[8] To "roar" when attributed to a lion, has the same signification in Hosea:

I will not return to destroy Ephraim. They shall go after Jehovah as a lion roareth (Hosea 11:9-10).

In Amos:

The lion hath roared, who does not fear? The Lord Jehovih hath spoken, who will not prophesy (Amos 3:8).

In Revelation:

The angel cried with a great voice, as a lion roared (Revelation 10:3).

In David:

The lions roaring after their prey and seeking their food from God. The sun ariseth, they gather themselves together and lie down in their abodes (Psalms 104:21-22).

These words in David describe the state of the angels of heaven when they are not in a state of intense love and of wisdom therefrom, and when they return into that state; the former state is described by "lions roaring after their prey, and seeking their food from God;" the latter state by "the sun ariseth, they gather themselves together and lie down in their abodes." By the "lions" the angels of heaven are meant; their "roaring," means desire; "prey" and "food" mean the good which is of love and the truth which is of wisdom; "the sun arising" means the Lord in respect to love and wisdom therefrom; "gathering themselves together" means returning into a celestial state; and "lying down in their abodes," a state of tranquility and peace. (Of these two states of the angels in heaven see in the work on Heaven and Hell 154-161.)

[9] Because Jehovah is compared to a lion from Divine truth in respect to power, therefore the Lord is called a "lion" in Revelation:

Behold the lion that is of the tribe of Judah, the root of David, hath overcome (Revelation 5:5).

And because all power is from the Lord through Divine truth, this also is signified by a "lion," as in Moses:

Of Gad he said, Blessed is he who hath given the breadth to Gad; as a lion he dwelleth, he teareth the arm, yea, the crown of the head (Deuteronomy 33:20).

"Gad" in the highest sense signifies omnipotence, and therefore in the representative sense the power that is of truth (See Arcana Coelestia 3934[1-8], 3935); therefore it is said, "Blessed is he who hath given breadth to Gad," for "breadth" signifies truth (Arcana Coelestia 1613, 34 33, 3434, 4482, 9487, 10179; that all power is from Divine truth, see in the work on Heaven and Hell, in the chapter on The Power of the Angels in Heaven, n. 228-233).

[10] Because a "lion" signifies power, therefore in the lamentations of David over Saul and Jonathan it is said:

Saul and Jonathan were lovely, they were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than lions (2 Samuel 1:23). "Saul" here as king, and "Jonathan" as the son of a king, mean truth protecting the church, since the doctrine of truth and good is here treated of, for that lamentation was written "to teach the sons of Judah the bow" (verse 18); and "bow" signifies that doctrine (See Arcana Coelestia, 2686, 2709, 6422).

[11] Because "the kings of Judah and Israel" represented the Lord in respect to Divine truth, and because a "throne" represented the judgment, which is effected according to Divine truth, and because "lions" represented power, guard, and protection against falsities and evils, therefore near the two stays of the throne built by Solomon there were two lions, and twelve lions on the six steps on the one side and on the other (1 Kings 10:18-20). From this it can be seen what "lions" in the Word signify when the Lord, heaven, and the church are treated of. "Lions" in the Word signify also the power of falsity from evil by which the church is destroyed and devastated. As in Jeremiah:

The young lions roar against her, 2 they give forth their voice, they reduce the land to wasteness (Jeremiah 2:15).

In Isaiah:

A nation whose arrows are sharp, and all his bows bent, the hoofs of his horses are accounted as rock, his roaring like that of a lion, he roareth like a young lion, and he growleth and seizeth the prey (Isaiah 5:28-29).

Besides many other places (as in Isaiah 11:6; 35:9; Jeremiah 4:7; 5:6; 12:8; 50:17; 51:38; Ezekiel 19:3, 5-6; Hosea 13:7, 8; Joel 1:6-7; Psalms 17:12; 22:13; 57:4; 58:6; 91:13).

Fotnoter:

1. For "which" the Hebrew has "when . . . meeteth him," as found in Arcana Coelestia 1664.

2. For "her" the Hebrew has "him"; cf. Apocalypse Explained 601.

  
/ 1232  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

Från Swedenborgs verk

 

Apocalypse Explained #70

Studera detta avsnitt

  
/ 1232  
  

70. The feet are said to be "like unto burnished brass," because burnished brass is polished brass, shining from something fiery; and "brass" in the Word signifies natural good. Metals are equally significative with the rest in the Word. "Gold" in the Word signifies celestial good, which is inmost good; "silver" signifies the truth thereof, which is spiritual good: "brass" natural good which is outmost good, and "iron" the truth thereof, which is natural truth.

Metals have such significations from correspondence; for in heaven many things are seen shining as if from gold and silver, and also many things as if from brass and iron; and it is there known that by these the goods and truths mentioned above are signified. It was from this that the ancients, who had a knowledge of correspondences, named the ages according to these metals; calling the first age the "golden," because innocence, love, and wisdom therefrom then ruled; but the second "silver," because truth from that good, or spiritual good, and intelligence therefrom then ruled; the third age "brazen" or "copper," because mere natural good, which is justness and sincerity of moral life, then ruled; but the last age they called "iron," because mere truth without good then ruled, and when that rules, falsity also rules. All this was from the spiritual signification of these metals.

[2] From this it can be known what is signified by the image seen in a dream by Nebuchadnezzar:

The head of which was of gold, the breast and arms of silver, the belly and sides of brass, the legs of iron, and the feet partly of iron and partly of clay (Daniel 2:23, 33);

namely, the state of the church in respect to good and truth, from its first time to its last; its last time was when the Lord came into the world. When it is known that "gold" signifies celestial good, "silver" spiritual good, "brass" natural good, and "iron" natural truth, many arcana in the Word, where these metals are mentioned, can be understood. Thus what is signified by these words in Isaiah:

For brass I will bring gold, for iron I will bring silver, and for wood brass, and for stones iron; I will also make thy government peace, and thine exactors justice (Isaiah 60:17).

[3] But as the signification of "brass," as meaning natural good, is here treated of, I will cite only a few passages where "brass" is mentioned, as signifying that good. Thus in Moses:

Asher acceptable unto his brethren, and dipping his foot in oil. Thy shoe iron and brass, and as thy days thy fame (Deuteronomy 33:24-25).

"Asher," as one of the tribes, signifies the blessedness of life, and the delight of affections (See Arcana Coelestia 3938-3939, 6408); "to dip the foot in oil" signifies natural delight, "oil" is delight (See n. 9954), "foot" the natural (See just above, n. 69; "the shoe iron and brass" signifies the lowest natural from truth and good, "the shoe" is the lowest natural (See n. 1748, 1860, 6844), "iron" is its truth, and "brass" its good (as above). In the same:

Jehovah thy God will bring thee into a wealthy land; a land out of whose stones thou mayest hew out iron, and out of its mountains brass (Deuteronomy 8:7, 9).

In Jeremiah:

I will give thee unto this people for a fortified wall of brass, that they may fight against thee and not prevail against thee (Jeremiah 15:20).

And in Ezekiel:

Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy traffickers; with the soul of man and with vessels of brass they traded thy merchandise (Ezekiel 27:13).

In this chapter the traffickings of Tyre are treated of, by which are signified the knowledges of good and truth; by the names "Javan," "Tubal," and "Meshech," are signified such things as are of good and truth, of which knowledges treat; the "soul of man" is truth of life; "vessels of brass" are scientifics of natural good. (What is signified by "Tyre" may be seen in Arcana Coelestia 1201; what by "traffickings," n. 2967, 4453; what by "Tubal and Meshech," n. 1151; what by "Javan," n. 1152, 1153, 1155; what by the "soul of man," n. 2930, 9050, 9281; what by "vessels," n. 3068, 3079, 3316, 3318) In the same:

The feet of the cherubs sparkled like the appearance of polished brass (Ezekiel 1:7).

What "cherubs" and "feet" signify, see above n. 69.

[4] In the same:

I saw and behold there was a man, whose appearance was like the appearance of brass, and a line of flax was in his hand; and he was standing in the gate (Ezekiel 40:3).

It was because this angel measured the wall and the gates of the house of God, which signify the externals of the church, that his appearance was seen as the appearance of brass. He who knows that "brass" signifies the external of the church, which in itself is natural, can in some measure know why:

The altar of burnt-offering was overlaid with brass, and the grating about it was of brass, and the vessels of brass (Exodus 27:1-4);

as also why:

The great vessel, which was called the sea, with the twelve oxen under it, and the ten lavers with the bases, and also all the vessels of the tabernacle for the house of God, were made by Solomon of polished brass (1 Kings 7:43-47).

[5] He who knows what "brass" signifies may also enter into the arcanum why it was commanded that a serpent of brass be set up for the people to look at, of which it is thus written in Moses:

Jehovah sent serpents among the people, and they bit the people. And He said unto Moses, Make thee a serpent, and set it upon a standard, and it shall come to pass that everyone that is bitten, and looketh upon it, shall live. And Moses made a serpent of brass, and set it upon a standard; and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, and he looked unto the serpent of brass, he lived (Numbers 21:6, 8-9).

That this "serpent" signified the Lord, He Himself teaches in John:

As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up, that whosoever believeth in Him may not perish, but may have everlasting life (John 3:14-15).

By the "serpent" is signified that which is the ultimate of life with man, and is called the external sensual, which is the natural. Because this ultimate in the Lord was Divine, a serpent of brass was made among the sons of Israel, with whom all things were representative; and this signified that if they would look to the Divine Human of the Lord they would live again, that is, if they would believe in Him they would have eternal life, as the Lord Himself also teaches. (That to "see" is in the spiritual sense to believe, see above, n. 37, 68; and that the "serpent" is the external sensual, which is the ultimate of man's life, see Arcana Coelestia 195-197, 6398, 6949, 10313) That "brass" and "iron" in the Word also signify what is hard (as in Isaiah 48:4; Daniel 7:19 where), will be seen in what follows.

  
/ 1232  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.