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Luke 1

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1 As a number of attempts have been made to put together in order an account of those events which took place among us,

2 As they were handed down to us by those who saw them from the first and were preachers of the word,

3 It seemed good to me, having made observation, with great care, of the direction of events in their order, to put the facts in writing for you, most noble Theophilus;

4 So that you might have certain knowledge of those things about which you were given teaching.

5 In the days of Herod, king of Judaea, there was a certain priest, by name Zacharias, of the order of Abijah; and he had a wife of the family of Aaron, and her name was Elisabeth.

6 They were upright in the eyes of God, keeping all the rules and orders of God, and doing no wrong.

7 And they were without children, because Elisabeth had never given birth, and they were at that time very old.

8 Now it came about that in his turn he was acting as priest before God,

9 And as was the way of the priests, he had to go into the Temple to see to the burning of perfumes.

10 And all the people were offering prayers outside, at the time of the burning of perfumes.

11 And he saw an angel of the Lord in his place on the right side of the altar.

12 And Zacharias was troubled when he saw him, and fear came on him.

13 But the angel said, Have no fear, Zacharias, for your prayer has come to the ears of God, and your wife Elisabeth will have a son, and his name will be John.

14 And you will be glad and have great delight; and numbers of people will have joy at his birth.

15 For he will be great in the eyes of the Lord; he will not take wine or strong drink; and he will be full of the Spirit of God from his birth.

16 And through him great numbers of the children of Israel will be turned to the Lord their God.

17 And he will go before his face in the spirit and power of Elijah, turning the hearts of fathers to their children, and wrongdoers to the way of righteousness; to make ready a people whose hearts have been turned to the Lord.

18 And Zacharias said to the angel, How may I be certain of this? For I am an old man, and my wife is far on in years.

19 And the angel, answering, said, I am Gabriel, whose place is before God; I have been sent to say these words to you and to give you this good news.

20 Now, see, you will be without voice or language till the day when these things come about, because you had not faith in my words, which will have effect at the right time.

21 And the people were waiting for Zacharias and were surprised because he was in the Temple for such a long time.

22 And when he came out he was not able to say anything, and they saw that he had seen a vision in the Temple; and he was making signs to them without words.

23 And when the days of his work in the Temple were ended, he went back to his house.

24 After that time, Elisabeth, being certain that she was to become a mother, kept herself from men's eyes for five months, saying,

25 The Lord has done this to me, for his eyes were on me, to take away my shame in the eyes of men.

26 Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to a town in Galilee, named Nazareth,

27 To a virgin who was to be married to a man named Joseph, of the family of David; and the name of the virgin was Mary.

28 And the angel came in to her and said, Peace be with you, to whom special grace has been given; the Lord is with you.

29 But she was greatly troubled at his words, and said to herself, What may be the purpose of these words?

30 And the angel said to her, Have no fear, Mary, for you have God's approval.

31 And see, you will give birth to a son, and his name will be Jesus.

32 He will be great, and will be named the Son of the Most High: and the Lord God will give him the kingdom of David, his father:

33 He will have rule over the house of Jacob for ever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.

34 And Mary said to the angel, How may this be, because I have had no knowledge of a man?

35 And the angel in answer said to her, The Holy Spirit will come on you, and the power of the Most High will come to rest on you, and so that which will come to birth will be named holy, Son of God.

36 Even now Elisabeth, who is of your family, is to be a mother, though she is old: and this is the sixth month with her who was without children.

37 For there is nothing which God is not able to do.

38 And Mary said: I am the servant of the Lord; may it be to me as you say. And the angel went away.

39 Then Mary got up and went quickly into the high lands, to a town of Judah;

40 And went into the house of Zacharias and took Elisabeth in her arms.

41 And when the voice of Mary came to the ears of Elisabeth, the baby made a sudden move inside her; then Elisabeth was full of the Holy Spirit,

42 And she said with a loud voice: May blessing be on you among women, and a blessing on the child of your body.

43 How is it that the mother of my Lord comes to me?

44 For, truly, when the sound of your voice came to my ears, the baby in my body made a sudden move for joy.

45 Happy will she be who had faith that the things which the Lord has said to her will be done.

46 And Mary said: My soul gives glory to God;

47 My spirit is glad in God my Saviour.

48 For he has had pity on his servant, though she is poor and lowly placed: and from this hour will all generations give witness to the blessing which has come to me.

49 For he who is strong has done great things for me; and holy is his name.

50 His mercy is for all generations in whom is the fear of him.

51 With his arm he has done acts of power; he has put to flight those who have pride in their hearts.

52 He has put down kings from their seats, lifting up on high the men of low degree.

53 Those who had no food he made full of good things; the men of wealth he sent away with nothing in their hands;

54 His help he has given to Israel, his servant, so that he might keep in mind his mercy to Abraham and his seed for ever,

55 As he gave his word to our fathers.

56 And Mary was with her for about three months and then went back to her house.

57 Now it was time for Elisabeth to give birth, and she had a son.

58 And it came to the ears of her neighbours and relations that the Lord had been very good to her, and they took part in her joy.

59 And on the eighth day they came to see to the circumcision of the child, and they would have given him the name of Zacharias, his father's name;

60 But his mother made answer and said, No, his name is John.

61 And they said, Not one of your relations has that name.

62 And they made signs to his father, to say what name was to be given to him.

63 And he sent for writing materials and put down: His name is John; and they were all surprised.

64 And straight away his mouth was open and his tongue was free and he gave praise to God.

65 And fear came on all those who were living round about them: and there was much talk about all these things in all the hill-country of Judaea.

66 And all who had word of them kept them in their minds and said, What will this child be? For the hand of the Lord was with him.

67 And his father, Zacharias, was full of the Holy Spirit, and with the voice of a prophet said these words:

68 Praise be to the Lord, the God of Israel, for he has come to his people and made them free,

69 Lifting up a horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David,

70 (As he said, by the mouth of his holy prophets, from the earliest times,)

71 Salvation from those who are against us, and from the hands of those who have hate for us;

72 To do acts of mercy to our fathers and to keep in mind his holy word,

73 The oath which he made to Abraham, our father,

74 That we, being made free from the fear of those who are against us, might give him worship,

75 In righteousness and holy living before him all our days.

76 And you, child, will be named the prophet of the Most High: you will go before the face of the Lord, to make ready his ways;

77 To give knowledge of salvation to his people, through the forgiveness of sins,

78 Because of the loving mercies of our God, by which the dawn from heaven has come to us,

79 To give light to those in dark places, and in the shade of death, so that our feet may be guided into the way of peace.

80 And the child became tall, and strong in spirit; and he was living in the waste land till the day when he came before the eyes of Israel.

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Apocalypse Explained #677

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677. And the rest became afraid, signifies the disturbance of mind and turning away of those who were to some extent spiritual. This is evident from the signification of "the rest," as being those who had not been merely external and natural, but also to some extent internal and spiritual (of which presently); also from the signification of "to become afraid," as being to be disturbed in mind and to be turned away from those who have been merely natural, and thus in mere falsities and evils.

[2] That "to become afraid" signifies such disturbance and turning away will be seen below. In the first place, let something be said about those who are meant by "the rest that became afraid and gave glory to the God of heaven," as being not merely natural, but also to some extent spiritual. For when from those who are merely natural the truths of good that resided in their externals are taken away, they are not disturbed by the influx of falsities and evils from hell, still less do they turn away; for their proper thought and will, which has been interiorly concealed with them, consists of mere falsities and evils therefrom and of evils and falsities therefrom; and when they are in these they are enraged against truths and goods, and thence are eager to destroy them. This is why the evil, when they are no longer in externals, are not afraid of evils and falsities, or even of hell, for these belong to their love, consequently to the delights of their life. But it is not so with those who are also spiritual; these are disturbed in mind and become afraid when they are infested by evils and falsities, which takes place when they are among the evil; for they fear the loss of their spiritual life, respecting which they are disturbed in mind and are alarmed, and supplicate the Lord for aid, and turn themselves away from the evil.

[3] When societies in the spiritual world are purified, which takes place whenever those who are evil, especially hypocrites, have insinuated themselves into them, and mingled themselves with the good there (the signs of whose presence are an obscuration of the understanding, a loss of the perception of good, a dullness of the affection of truth, and the like), then influx is let in from hell, at which the evil rejoice, but the good are disturbed in mind, and turn themselves away; thus there is a separation, and those who become afraid and turn themselves away are preserved, while the rest are cast out. Thence it is clear why it is that it is said that some "became afraid," and why this signifies the disturbance of mind and turning away of those who are to some extent spiritual.

[4] In the Word "to become afraid," "to be dismayed," and like expressions are often used in reference both to the good and to the evil, and "terror" and "dismay" signify a state of the mind disturbed and changed by an imminent or visible danger to the life; but this is one thing with the good and another with the evil; with the good it is a disturbance of mind and a change of state from imminent and visible danger to the soul, but with the evil it is from imminent and visible danger to the life of the body. This is because the good regard the life of the soul and not so much the life of the body as the chief and final thing, while the evil regard the life of the body and not so much the life of the soul as the chief and final thing; in fact, the evil do not in heart believe in that life, and such as do believe still love only the things that are of the body, such as the appetites and pleasures of various kinds. But with the good the reverse is true.

[5] To make clear that "to become afraid," "to be dismayed," "to dread," and the like, signify to be disturbed in mind from a change of state of the interiors, I will cite some passages from the Word by way of confirmation. In David:

My heart is agitated in the midst of me, and the terrors of death have fallen upon me; fear and trembling are come upon me, and horror hath covered me (Psalms 55:4, 5).

This is said of temptations, in which evils and falsities break in from hell and inspire terror in regard to damnation; for as has been said above, the good become afraid and tremble on account of imminent dangers to the soul, thus from the invasion of evils into the thoughts and intentions of the will. Thus there are various disturbances of mind that in particular are signified by "agitation of heart," "terrors of death," "fear," "trembling," and "horror," which are here mentioned according to the order of their succession.

[6] In Isaiah:

The islands came 1 and feared, the ends of the earth were agitated, they drew near and came (Isaiah 41:5).

This is said of the Lord's coming; and "the islands and ends of the earth" mean the Gentiles that are remote from the truths of the church; and their "fear and agitation" signify disturbances of mind from fear of being destroyed.

[7] In Ezekiel:

All hands are relaxed, and all knees go into waters, whence they shall gird themselves with sackcloth, terror shall cover them, and upon all faces there shall be shame; they shall cast their silver into the streets, and their gold shall be an abomination (Ezekiel 7:17-19).

This, too, treats of the Lord's coming, and these things are said of it; the various disturbances of the mind from grief on account of evils and from joy on account of goods are described by various expressions of fear and grief, as that "the hands are relaxed," "the knees go into waters," "terror shall cover them," and "upon all faces shall be shame," which signify not only various disturbances of mind and changes of state of the life, but also turnings from falsities and evils; for the falsities that they will reject are signified by the "silver that they shall cast into the streets," and the evils by "the gold that shall be an abomination;" "all knees shall go into waters" signifies grief on account of the loss of the good of love, and joy that it is now recovered, "knees" signifying the love of good, and "to go into waters" signifying to weep.

[8] The holy tremor that seizes upon, agitates, and convulses the inner parts of the head, when the Divine flows in and fills them is called "fear," "terror," "dread," as can be seen from the following passages. In Luke:

When Zacharias saw the angel he was troubled, and fear fell upon him; the angel therefore said to him, Fear not, Zacharias (Luke 1:12, 13).

Likewise when the virgin Mary saw the angel (Luke 1:29, 30).

When the angel of the Lord stood by the shepherds, and the glory of the Lord shone round about them, they were afraid with a great fear; but the angel said to them, Be not afraid; behold, I proclaim unto you good tidings of great joy, which is 2 to all the people (Luke 2:9, 10).

When Jesus was transfigured and was seen in glory, it is said that Peter, James, and John feared when they entered into the cloud (Luke 9:34).

And when they heard the voice out of the cloud, saying, This is my beloved Son, they fell upon their faces and feared exceedingly; but Jesus drawing near touched them, saying, Arise, be not afraid (Matthew 17:5-7; Mark 9:6).

When the Lord healed the palsied man, it is said that fear took hold on all, and they glorified God; and they were filled with fear, saying, We have seen wonderful things today (Luke 5:26).

And when the Lord raised to life the dead young man of Nain, it is said that fear took hold on all, and they praised God (Luke 7:16).

So here in Revelation it is said that "they became afraid, and gave glory to the God of heaven." Furthermore:

When the women entered into the tomb they saw an angel sitting at the right side, clothed in a white robe; and they were terrified (Mark 16:5, 6).

And when the women departed from the tomb they were seized with fear, trembling, and amazement, and at the same time with great joy; and they told no one, for they were afraid; therefore Jesus said to them, Fear not; tell the brethren (Matthew 28:8, 10; Mark 16:8).

The two disciples going to Emmaus said to Jesus, Certain women terrified us (Luke 24:22).

From these passages it can be concluded that "terror" and "alarm" mean in the Word various disturbances of mind arising from the influx of such things as cause amazement, connected also with joy.

[9] Again, "terror" signifies in the spiritual sense terror on account of evils and falsities that are from hell, for these terrify the spiritual man, because they are the opposites of the goods and truths, which the spiritual man loves and the loss of which he fears. In this sense "terror" is mentioned in many passages of the Word. Thus in Isaiah:

About the time of evening behold terror; before the morning it is not (Isaiah 17:14).

"Evening" signifies the last time of the church, when there are mere evils and falsities; these are called "terror" because they are hell. But the "morning" signifies the first time of the church, when there are no evils and falsities, therefore it is said, "before the morning the terror is not."

[10] In Jeremiah:

Fear thou not, my servant Jacob, and be not terrified, O Israel, for behold, I save thee from afar; Jacob shall be tranquil and quiet, none shall make him afraid (Jeremiah 30:9, 10).

And in Zephaniah:

The remnant of Israel shall feed and be at rest, none making them afraid (Zephaniah 3:13).

"Jacob" and "Israel" mean those in the church who are in goods and truths; and "none terrifying and making afraid" signifies that nothing of evil and falsity from hell shall infest them. It is similar in many other passages. But what is signified by "fearing God" in the spiritual sense will be told in the explanation of the eighteenth verse of this chapter.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.