El Caballo Blanco, del que habla el Apocalipsis en el capítulo 19.

Con particulares referentes a la Palabra y a su sentido espiritual o interno y después sobre la Palabra y su Sentido Espiritual o Interno, extraído de la obra “Arcanos Celestiales”.

Por Emanuel Swedenborg.

Traducción del Dr. L. E. Calleja, Revisado por Daniel Calvo Naranjo y pelo Rev. Johnny Villanueva

Heavenly Doctrine Publishing Foundation, Kempton, Pennsylvania, Diciembre, 2021

Prefacio para la traducción al español de la obra El Caballo Blanco y Apéndice

Este trabajo fue escrito y publicado originalmente en latin por Emanuel Swedenborg en el año 1758. Un apéndice fue escrito por Swedenborg como una carta al Rev. Thomas Hartley hacia fines de 1769. Y hace aproximadamente 100 años, el Dr. L. E. Callega de Méjico tradujo este trabajo y su apéndice para el idioma español de una traducción en ingles realizada por el Rev. John Whitehead. El Dr. Callega hizo algunas comparaciones con el latín, pero su traducción se guió bien de cerca de la traducción en ingles. Recientemente, esta traducción al español fue descubierta en la Escuela de Religión de Swedenborg, y se hizo una copia del texto mecanografiado de Callega. En el verano de 2021, esto fue transcrito al formato digital y revisado por Daniel Calvo Narajo para la Fundación de Publicaciones de la Doctrina Celestial, y luego revisado por el Rev. Johnny Villanueva, un nativo de Perú que ahora se desempeña como pastor en la Sociedad de la Nueva Iglesia en Rio de Janeiro.

Aunque estamos seguros de que se pueden hacer mejoras, ya que esto fue traducido a principio del idioma inglés, creemos que esta traducción podrá transmitir la Doctrina Celestial contenida en este trabajo, sobre el sentido espiritual de la Sagrada Escritura, al mundo de habla hispana. Esperamos tener esto listo, en poco tiempo, para ser publicado por la prensa, pero por ahora parece mejor compartir esto con el público en forma electrónica. Si desea una copia de este archivo en formato PDF, o desea compartirlo con otras personas, comuníquese con la Fundación de Publicaciones de la Doctrina Celestial. Si tiene sugerencias o correcciones, háganoslo saber.

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English Preface to the Spanish Translation of the White Horse and to the Appendix to this work.

This work was originally written and published in Latin by Emanuel Swedenborg in the year 1758. An appendix or addendum to this work was written by Swedenborg as a letter to Rev. Thomas Hartley towards the end of 1769. About 100 years ago Dr. L. E. Calleja of Mexico translated this work, and the appendix to it, into Spanish from the English translation by the Rev. John Whitehead. Dr. Calleja did check the Latin as he went, but his translation closely follows the English. Recently this Spanish translation was discovered at the Swedenborg School of Religion, and a copy was made of Calleja’s typescript. In the summer of 2021, this was transcribed into the computer and revised by Daniel Calvo Naranjo for the Heavenly Doctrine Publishing Foundation, and then further revised by the Rev. Johnny Villanueva, a native of Peru now serving as Pastor of the New Church Society in Rio de Janeiro.

Although we are sure improvements can be made, as this was originally translated from English, it is felt it that this translation will be able to transmit the Heavenly Doctrine contained in this work about the spiritual sense of the Sacred Scripture to the Spanish speaking world. We hope to have this ready to publish by the press in a short while, but for now it seems best to share this work with the public in electronic form. If you would like a copy of this file as a PDF, or would like to share it others, please contact the Heavenly Doctrine Publishing Foundation. If you have suggestions or corrections, please let us know.

Andrew James Heilman, Secretary, HDPF

Kempton, Pennsylvania -- November, 2021

andyhdpf - at - kncs.org

www.heavenlydoctrinepublishing.org

CONTENIDOS

i. La Palabra y su sentido espiritual o interno, 1-5

ii. La necesidad y excelencia de la Palabra, 6

iii. La Palabra no puede ser entendida sino por aquellos que están iluminados, 7

iv. La Palabra no puede ser entendida sino por medio de la doctrina sacada de la misma Palabra, 8

v. En la Palabra hay un sentido espiritual, que es llamado sentido interno, 9

vi. El sentido interno de la Palabra es entendido principalmente por los ángeles, y también por los hombres, 10

vii. En el sentido interno o espiritual de la Palabra hay innumerables arcanos, 11

viii. La Palabra está escrita por correspondencias y también por representaciones, 12

ix. El sentido literal o externo de la Palabra, 13

x. El Señor es la Palabra, 14

xi. Los que están contra la Palabra, 15

xii. Los libros de la Palabra, 16

xiii. Más particulares respecto de la Palabra, 17

Apéndice al Tratado sobre El Caballo Blanco

3448. 'And Ahuzzath his companion, and Phicol the commander of his army' means the first and foremost features of their doctrine of faith. This is clear from the representation of 'Abimelech' as the doctrine of faith which has regard to rational concepts. Consequently 'his companion and the commander of his army' means those first and foremost things, indeed the first and foremost things of their doctrine; for 'a commander' like a prince means things that are first and foremost, 1482, 2089, and 'an army' means matters of doctrine themselves. The reason why 'an army' means matters of doctrine which are expressions of truth, that is, which are lower truths, is that by 'warfare' in the Word and by 'war' are meant those things that have to do with spiritual war and warfare, 1664, 1788, 2686. The same are also meant by weapons - by spears, shields, bows, arrows, swords, and so on, as has been shown in various places. And since they are truths or matters of doctrine through which spiritual conflicts are fought, armies therefore mean those truths or matters of doctrine, and also in the contrary sense falsities or heretical ideas.

[2] It may be seen from many places that by 'armies' or 'hosts' in the Word are meant truths or falsities, as in Daniel,

The one [little] horn of the he-goat ¹ grew exceedingly towards the south, and towards the east, and towards the glorious [land]. And it grew even towards the host of heaven, and cast down to earth some of the host, and of the stars, and trampled on them. It drew itself up even towards the pence of the host. His host was set over the continual [burnt offering] on account of the transgression, and it cast down truth to the earth. I heard a holy one speaking. He said, For how long is this vision, the continual burnt offering, and the desolating transgression, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden down? Daniel 8:9-13.

'The horn that grew towards the south, the east, and the glorious [land]' is the power of falsity that springs from evil, 2832, 'the host of heaven' truths, 'the prince of the host' the Lord as regards Divine Truth. And since in the good sense 'an army' or 'a host' is truth it is said that the horn cast down to earth some of the host, and then that it cast down truth to the earth.

[3] In the same prophet,

The king of the north will raise a multitude greater than the former, and at the end of the period of years he wit surely come with a great army and with many riches. Then he will stir up his power and his heart against the king of the south with a great army. And the king of the south will engage in war with an exceedingly great and mighty army, but he will not stand. For even those who eat his food will break him, and his army will overflow, and many will fall down slain. Daniel 11:13, 25-26.

The whole of that chapter refers to war between the king of the north and the king of the south. 'The king of the north' is used to mean falsities as also is 'his army', while 'the king of the south and his army' is used to mean truths. It is prophecy concerning the vastation of the Church.

[4] In John,

I saw heaven standing open, and behold, a white horse! and He who sat on it was called faithful and true. He was clothed in a garment dyed in blood, and His armies in heaven were following Him on white horses and were clothed in linen, white and clean. I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies gathered to make war with Him who was sitting on the horse and with His army. Revelation 19:11, 13-14, 19.

'He who sat on the white horse' stands for the Word of the Lord, or the Lord as regards the Word, 2760-2762. 'His armies which in heaven were following Him' stands for truths from the Word and so for those in heaven who possess truths. 'The beast' stands for the evils that belong to self-love, 'the kings of the earth and their armies' for falsities. Conflicts between falsity and truth are what are described here.

[5] In David,

By the word of Jehovah were the heavens made, and their host by the spirit of His mouth. Psalms 33:6.

'Their host' or the host of heaven stands for truths. Since 'an army' means truths, the children of the kingdom, and angels, by virtue of the truths which they possess, are called the host of heaven, as in Luke,

Suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God. Luke 2:13.

In David,

Bless Jehovah, all His hosts, His ministers doing His will. Psalms 103:21.

In the same author,

Praise Jehovah, all His angels, praise Him, all His hosts. Psalms 148:2.

In Isaiah,

Lift up your eyes on high and see; who created these? He who brings out their host by number; He calls them all by name. From the multitude of the powerful and of the mighty not a man will be missing. Isaiah 40:26.

In the same prophet,

It was I that made the earth and created man on it. It was I - My hands - that stretched out the heavens; and I commanded all their host. Isaiah 45:12.

Here 'the host of the heavens' stands for truths, and so for angels since angels, as has been stated, are in possession of truths.

[6] In the first Book of Kings,

I saw Jehovah sitting on His throne, and the entire host of heaven standing beside Him, on His right hand and on His left. 1 Kings 22:19

In Joel,

Jehovah gave voice before His army, for His camp is exceedingly great; for that which executes His word is uncountable. Joel 2:11.

In Zechariah,

I will pitch by My house a camp composed of an army passing through and resuming, so that the oppressor passes over them no more. Exult greatly, O daughter of Zion! Make a noise, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your King comes to you. Zechariah 9:8-9.

This refers to the Coming of the Lord. 'His army' stands for Divine truths For this reason, and also because the Lord alone fights on man's behalf against hells that are constantly endeavouring to attack, the Lord is called many times in the Word Jehovah Zebaoth, God Zebaoth, the Lord Zebaoth - that is, Jehovah, God, or Lord of Hosts - as in Isaiah,

The noise of a tumult of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! Jehovah Zebaoth is leading an army of war. Isaiah 13:4.

'The kingdoms of the nations' stands for falsities that spring from evils, 'leading an army of war' for fighting on man's behalf.

[7] Because the twelve tribes of Israel represented the Lord's heavenly kingdom, and 'tribes' as well as 'twelve' meant all things of faith in their entirety, that is, all the truths of the kingdom, 577, 2089, 2129, 2130, 3272, they were also called Jehovah's hosts, as in Exodus 7:4; 12:17, 41, 51. And commands were given to bring them out of Egypt according to their hosts, Exodus 6:26, to encamp according to their hosts, Numbers 1:52, and to divide them into hosts, Numbers 2:1- end.

[8] That truths are meant by 'armies' is also clear in Ezekiel,

Persia and Lud and Put were in your army, as your men of war; they hung the shield and helmet in you, they gave you your reputation. The sons of Arvad, and your army, were on your walls round about, and the Gammadim were in your towers. Ezekiel 27:10-11.

This refers to Tyre which means interior cognitions of good and truth, and so those who possess them, 1201, 'army' standing for truths themselves 'Lud' and 'Put' too mean those who possess cognitions, see 1163, 1164, 1166, 1195, 1231. 'The shield and helmet' describes such things as belong to spiritual conflict.

[9] As regards 'an army' or 'a host' in the contrary sense meaning falsities, this is evident in Isaiah,

It will be on that day, that Jehovah will visit the host of the height on high, and the kings of the earth on the earth. Isaiah 24:21.

Here 'the host of the height' stands for falsities that result from self-love. In Ezekiel,

I will bring you back and put hooks in your jaws, and I will bring you forth, and all your army, horses and horsemen, all of them clothed perfectly, a great company with shield and buckler, all of them wielding swords. You will come from your place, from the uttermost parts of the north, you and many peoples with you, all of them riding horses, a great company, a great army. Ezekiel 38:4, 15.

This refers to Gog, who means external worship separated from internal and so made idolatrous, 1151. 'His army' stands for falsities.

[10] In Jeremiah,

I will send against Babel the archer, him who arches his bow and draws himself up in his breastplate. Do not spare the young men; utterly destroy all its host. Jeremiah 51:2-3.

'Babel' stands for worship whose external features appear holy but whose interiors are profane, 1182, 1283, 1295, 1304, 1306-1308, 1321, 1322, 1326. 'Its host' means the falsities that go with such as these, and the army of Babel in other places has the same meaning as in Jeremiah 34:1, 21; 32:2; 39:1.

In Ezekiel,

Pharaoh will see them and will comfort himself over all his multitude, Pharaoh and all his army, slain by the sword; for I will put My terror in the land of the living. Ezekiel 32:31-32.

This refers to Egypt, which means those who by means of reasonings based on facts pervert truths, 1164, 1165. 'His army', that is, Pharaoh's, stands for derivative falsities, as also does 'Pharaoh's army' in other places, as in Jeremiah 37:5, 7, 11; 46:2; Ezekiel 17:17.

In Luke,

When you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then know that its devastation is near. Luke 21:20.

This refers to the close of the age or final period of the Church when faith does not exist any longer. 'Jerusalem' - which means the Church, see 2117 - is 'surrounded by armies' when beset by falsities.

[11] From these quotations it is clear that 'the hosts of heaven', which Jews and Israelite idolaters worshipped, in the internal sense meant falsities. The second Book of Kings says of them,

They forsook all the commandments of their God and made for themselves a molten image of two calves, and made a grove, and bowed down to all the host of heaven. 2 Kings 17:16.

This refers to the Israelites. And elsewhere it is said of Manasseh that he built altars for all the host of heaven, 2 Kings 21:5, and that King Josiah brought out of the temple all the vessels made for Baal, and for the grove, and for all the host of heaven, 2 Kings 23:4. And in Jeremiah it is said that they were to spread the bones of the princes, of the priests, and of the prophets before the sun, the moon, and all the host of heaven, which they had loved and had served and had gone after, Jeremiah 8:1-2. And elsewhere,

The houses of Jerusalem and the houses of the king of Judah will be defiled, like the place of Topheth - all the houses on whose roofs they have burned incense to all the host of heaven and have poured out drink offerings to other gods. Jeremiah 19:13.

And in Zephaniah,

I will stretch out My hand against those worshipping on their roofs the host of heaven. Zephaniah 1:5.

It is the stars to which the expression 'the host of heaven' refers primarily, and by 'the stars' is meant truths, and also in the contrary sense falsities; see 1128, 1808.

അടിക്കുറിപ്പുകൾ:

10. El sentido interno de la Palabra es principalmente para los ángeles, y es también para los hombres. Con objeto de que pueda saberse lo que es el sentido interno, la cualidad de él, y en dónde está, puede observarse aquí en general que el pensamiento y el habla en el cielo son diferentes del pensamiento y el habla en el mundo; porque en el cielo son espirituales, y en el mundo natural. Sin embargo, cuando el hombre lee la Palabra, los ángeles que están cerca de él la perciben espiritualmente en tanto que los hombres la entienden naturalmente. De aquí se sigue que los ángeles están en el sentido interno, mientras que los hombres están en el sentido externo, pero que, sin embargo, estos dos sentidos hacen uno por correspondencia. Que los ángeles no solamente piensan espiritualmente, sino que también hablan espiritualmente, que están asimismo presentes con el hombre, y que tienen unión con el hombre por medio de la Palabra, puede verse en la obra El Cielo y el Infierno, que trata de la sabiduría de los ángeles del cielo (ns. 265-275). De su lenguaje (ns. 234-245). De su conjunción con el hombre (ns. 291-302). Y la conjunción de ambos por la Palabra (ns. 303-310).

La Palabra es entendida de diferente modo por los ángeles en el cielo y por los hombres en la tierra; el sentido interno o espiritual es para los ángeles; y el sentido externo o natural para los hombres (ns. 1887, 2395). Los ángeles perciben la Palabra en el sentido interno y no en el sentido externo, probado por la experiencia de los que han conversado conmigo desde el cielo, cuando yo estaba leyendo la Palabra (ns. 1769-1772). Las ideas del pensamiento y también el lenguaje de los ángeles son espirituales, y las ideas y el lenguaje de los hombres son naturales, y por lo mismo hay un sentido interno, que es espiritual, para el uso de los ángeles, ilustrado por la experiencia (n. 2333). Sin embargo, el sentido de la letra de la Palabra sirve a las ideas espirituales de los ángeles, del mismo modo como las palabras sirven al habla, en los hombres, (n. 2143). Las cosas que se refieren al sentido interno de la Palabra caen en las cosas que pertenecen a la luz del cielo, o sea en la percepción de los ángeles (ns. 2618, 2619, 2629, 3086). Por lo mismo las cosas que los ángeles perciben por la Palabra, son preciosas para ellos (ns. 2540, 2541, 2545, 2551). Los ángeles no entienden una sola expresión de la Palabra en su sentido literal (ns. 64, 65, 1434, 1929). No conocen los nombres de personas y lugares referidos en la Palabra (ns. 1434, 1888, 4442, 4480). Los nombres no pueden entrar al cielo ni ser pronunciados allí (ns. 1876, 1888). Todos los nombres en la Palabra significan cosas, y en el cielo son cambiados en ideas de las cosas que ellos significan (ns. 768, 1888, 4310, 4442, 5225, 5287, 10329). Los ángeles también piensan abstractamente de las personas (ns. 6613, 8343, 8985, 9007). Cuán elegante es el sentido interno de la Palabra, aun cuando se compone de meros nombres, demostrado por ejemplos de la Palabra (ns. 1224, 1888, 2395). Muchos nombres también en series expresan una cosa en el sentido interno (n. 5095). Asimismo todos los números en la Palabra significan cosas (ns. 482, 487, 647, 648, 755, 813, 1963, 1988, 2075, 2252, 3252, 4264, 6175, 9488, 9659, 10217, 10253). Los espíritus también perciben la Palabra en su sentido interno en proporción que sus interiores están abiertos al cielo (n. 1771). El sentido de la letra de la Palabra, que es sentido natural, es instantáneamente cambiado en sentido espiritual con los ángeles, porque hay una correspondencia (n. 5648). Y esto sin sentirlo ni conocer lo que es el sentido literal o externo (n. 10215). Así el sentido de la letra o sentido externo está sólo con el hombre, y no pasa más allá (n. 2015).

Hay un sentido interno en la Palabra, y asimismo un sentido más íntimo o supremo, con respecto al cual (ns. 9407, 10604, 10614, 10627). Los ángeles espirituales o los que están en el reino espiritual del Señor, perciben la Palabra en su sentido interno; y los ángeles celestiales o los que están en el reino celestial del Señor, perciben la Palabra en su más íntimo sentido (ns. 2157, 2275).

La Palabra es para el hombre y también para los ángeles, siendo acomodada a cada uno (ns. 7381, 8862, 10322). La Palabra es el medio de unir el cielo y la tierra (ns. 2310, 2493, 9212, 9216, 9357). La conjunción del cielo con el hombre es por medio de la Palabra (ns. 9396, 9400, 9401, 10452). Por lo mismo la Palabra es llamada un pacto (n. 9396). Porque un pacto significa conjunción (ns. 665, 666, 1023, 1038, 1864, 1996, 2003, 2021, 6804, 8767, 8778, 9396, 10632). Hay un sentido interno en la Palabra, porque la Palabra procede del Señor y desciende por los tres cielos hasta el hombre (ns. 2310, 6397). Y por lo mismo está acomodada a los ángeles de los tres cielos y también a los hombres (ns. 7381, 8862). Por esto es que la Palabra es Divina, (n. 4989). Y es santa (n. 10276). Y es espiritual (n. 4480). Y es Divinamente inspirada (n. 9094). Eso es la inspiración, (n. 9094).

El hombre regenerado tiene actualmente el sentido interno de la Palabra, aunque no lo conoce, por cuanto que su hombre interno, que tiene percepción espiritual, está abierto (n. 10400). Para él lo espiritual de la Palabra fluye en las ideas naturales, y así es representada naturalmente, porque mientras vive en el mundo lo espiritual piensa en el hombre natural tanto como llega a la percepción (n. 5614). De aquí es que la luz de la verdad en los que son ilustrados, la luz de la verdad viene de su interno, por consiguiente del Señor por el interno (ns. 10691, 10694). También por ese camino hay un influjo de santidad en los que estiman santa la Palabra (n. 6789). Por cuanto que el hombre regenerado tiene actualmente el sentido interno de la Palabra y la santidad que hay en el mismo sentido, aunque él no lo sepa, por lo mismo después de la muerte viene a él por sí mismo, y no retiene ya más el sentido de la letra (ns. 3226, 3342, 3343). Las ideas del hombre interno son espirituales; pero el hombre durante su vida en el mundo no les presta atención, porque está en su pensamiento natural, y las considera como de su facultad racional (ns. 10236, 10240, 10550). El hombre después de la muerte vuelve a sus ideas espirituales, porque estas son propias de su espíritu, y entonces no solamente piensa, sino que también habla por ellas (ns. 2470, 2478, 2479, 10568, 10604). He aquí que, como se ha dicho, el hombre regenerado no sabe que está en el sentido espiritual de la Palabra y que por ello recibe iluminación.