834. 19:20 Then the beast was captured, and with it the false prophet who worked signs in its presence, by which he led astray those who received the mark of the beast and those who worshiped its image. This symbolizes all those people who professed faith alone and were inwardly evil, both the laity and common people and the clergy and the learned, who by arguments and assertions that faith alone is the only means of salvation, had brought others to accept that faith and to live in accordance with it.

The beast here means the beast from the sea, described in Revelation 13:1-10, and the false prophet means the beast from the earth, described in the same chapter, verses 11 to 18. The beast from the sea means the laity and common people who are caught up in a religion teaching faith alone, and the beast from the earth means the clergy and the learned who are caught up in that religion, as may be seen from the exposition of that chapter.

It is clearly apparent that the false prophet here is the beast from the earth, described in chapter 13:11-18, because we are told here that the false prophet worked signs in the presence of the other beast, by which he led astray those who received the mark of the beast and who worshiped its image. For the same thing is said about the beast from the earth in chapter 13, namely, that it performed great signs in the presence of the beast from the sea, and led astray those who dwell on the earth, so that they worshiped its image and received its mark on their right hand and on their foreheads (Revelation 13:12-17). It is apparent from this that the false prophet here symbolizes the clergy and the learned who had confirmed themselves in a religion teaching faith alone and had led the laity and common people astray. They are called a false prophet, because a false prophet symbolizes people who teach and preach falsities by twisting the Word's truths (nos. 8, 701).

The signs done by this beast symbolize arguments and assertions that faith alone is the only means of salvation, as may be seen in nos. 598, 599, 704 above. To receive the mark of the beast and worship its image means, symbolically, to acknowledge and accept that faith (nos. 634, 637, 679).

599. So as to even make fire come down from heaven to earth in the sight of men. This symbolizes assertions that their falsities are truths from heaven, that people who accept them are saved, and that people who do not accept them perish.

This is the symbolism of these words, because the greatest signs were produced by fire from heaven. It was therefore a common expression of assurance among the ancients that, when bearing witness to some truth, they could rain down fire from heaven to attest to it. And this symbolically meant that they could attest to it to such a degree of certainty.

That fire from heaven also did attest to truth is apparent from the fact that the burnt offering offered by Aaron was consumed by fire from heaven (Leviticus 9:24). So, too, the burnt offering offered by Elijah (1 Kings 18:38).

[2] In an opposite sense, fire from heaven was a sign attesting that the people were caught up in evils and the accompanying falsities, and so would perish. But that fire was a consuming fire, such as the fire from heaven that consumed Aaron's two sons in Leviticus 10:1-6; that consumed the two hundred and fifty men in Numbers 26:10; that consumed the outskirts of the camp in Numbers 11:1-3; and that twice consumed the fifty men sent by the king to Elisha in 2 Kings 1:10, 12. Such also was the fire and brimstone rained down from heaven on Sodom in Genesis 19:24, 25; and the fire from heaven that consumed the people who surrounded the camp of the saints and the beloved city in Revelation 20:9. Once, when incensed at some impenitent people, the disciples said to Jesus, "Do You want us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them?" (Luke 9:54).

We cite these instances to show that fire from heaven symbolizes an attestation, indeed an assurance, that truth is true, and in an opposite sense, that falsity is true, as in the present instance.

Fire also symbolizes a heavenly love and so a zeal for truth, and in an opposite sense a hellish love and so a zeal for falsity (nos. 468, 494).