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Matteus 5

勉強

   

1 Og da han så folket, gikk han op fjellet, og da han hadde satt sig, kom hans disipler til ham.

2 Og han oplot sin munn, lærte dem og sa:

3 Salige er de fattige i ånden; for himlenes rike er deres.

4 Salige er de som sørger; for de skal trøstes.

5 Salige er de saktmodige; for de skal arve jorden.

6 Salige er de som hungrer og tørster efter rettferdighet; for de skal mettes.

7 Salige er de barmhjertige; for de skal finne barmhjertighet.

8 Salige er de rene av hjertet; for de skal se Gud.

9 Salige er de fredsommelige; for de skal kalles Guds barn.

10 Salige er de som er forfulgt for rettferdighets skyld; for himlenes rike er deres.

11 Salige er I når de spotter og forfølger eder og lyver eder allehånde ondt på for min skyld.

12 Gled og fryd eder! for eders lønn er stor i himmelen; for således forfulgte de profetene før eder.

13 I er jordens salt; men når saltet mister sin kraft, hvad skal det så saltes med? Det duer ikke lenger til noget, uten til å kastes ut og tredes ned av menneskene.

14 I er verdens lys; en by som ligger på et fjell, kan ikke skjules;

15 en tender heller ikke et lys og setter det under en skjeppe, men i staken; så skinner det for alle i huset.

16 La således eders lys skinne for menneskene, forat de kan se eders gode gjerninger og prise eders Fader i himmelen!

17 I må ikke tro at jeg er kommet for å opheve loven eller profetene; jeg er ikke kommet for å opheve, men for å opfylle.

18 For sannelig sier jeg eder: Før himmel og jord forgår, skal ikke den minste bokstav eller en eneste tøddel forgå av loven, før det er skjedd alt sammen.

19 Derfor, den som bryter et eneste av disse minste bud og lærer menneskene således, han skal kalles den minste i himlenes rike; men den som holder dem og lærer andre dem, han skal kalles stor i himlenes rike.

20 For jeg sier eder: Dersom eders rettferdighet ikke overgår de skriftlærdes og fariseernes, kommer I ingenlunde inn i himlenes rike.

21 I har hørt at det er sagt til de gamle: Du skal ikke slå ihjel, men den som slår ihjel, skal være skyldig for dommen.

22 Men jeg sier eder at hver den som blir vred på sin bror uten grunn, skal være skyldig for dommen; men den som sier til sin bror: aka! skal være skyldig for rådet; men den som sier: Du dåre! skal være skyldig til helvedes ild.

23 Derfor, når du bærer ditt offer frem til alteret, og der kommer i hu at din bror har noget imot dig,

24 så la ditt offer ligge der foran alteret, og gå først bort og forlik dig med din bror, og kom så og bær ditt offer frem!

25 Skynd dig å være føielig mot din motstander så lenge du er med ham på veien, forat ikke motstanderen skal overgi dig til dommeren, og dommeren overgi dig til tjeneren, og du bli kastet i fengsel.

26 Sannelig sier jeg dig: Du skal ingenlunde komme ut derfra før du har betalt den siste øre.

27 I har hørt at det er sagt: Du skal ikke drive hor.

28 Men jeg sier eder at hver den som ser på en kvinne for å begjære henne, har alt drevet hor med henne i sitt hjerte.

29 Om ditt høire øie frister dig, da riv det ut og kast det fra dig! for det er bedre for dig at ett av dine lemmer går tapt enn at hele ditt legeme blir kastet i helvede.

30 Og dersom din høire hånd frister dig, da hugg den av og kast den fra dig! for det er bedre for dig at ett av dine lemmer går tapt enn at hele ditt legeme kommer i helvede.

31 Det er sagt: Den som skiller sig fra sin hustru, skal gi henne skilsmissebrev.

32 Men jeg sier eder at hver den som skiller sig fra sin hustru uten for hors skyld, han volder at hun driver hor, og den som gifter sig med en fraskilt kvinne, han driver hor.

33 Atter har I hørt at det er sagt til de gamle: Du skal ikke sverge falsk ed, men du skal holde dine eder for Herren.

34 Men jeg sier eder at I aldeles ikke skal sverge, hverken ved himmelen, for den er Guds trone,

35 eller ved jorden, for den er hans fotskammel, eller ved Jerusalem, for det er den store konges stad.

36 Heller ikke skal du sverge ved ditt hode; for du kan ikke gjøre ett hår hvitt eller sort.

37 Men eders tale skal være ja, ja, nei, nei; det som er mere enn dette, er av det onde.

38 I har hørt at det er sagt: Øie for øie, og tann for tann!

39 Men jeg sier eder at I ikke skal sette eder imot den som er ond mot eder; men om nogen slår dig på ditt høire kinn, da vend også det andre til ham,

40 og om nogen vil føre sak mot dig og ta din kjortel, da la ham også få kappen,

41 og om nogen tvinger dig til å gå en mil, da gå to med ham.

42 Gi den som ber dig, og vend dig ikke bort fra den som vil låne av dig.

43 I har hørt at det er sagt: Du skal elske din næste og hate din fiende.

44 Men jeg sier eder: Elsk eders fiender, velsign dem som forbanner eder, gjør vel imot dem som hater eder, og bed for dem som forfølger eder,

45 forat I kan bli eders himmelske Faders barn; for han lar sin sol gå op over onde og gode, og lar det regne over rettferdige og urettferdige.

46 For om I elsker dem som elsker eder, hvad lønn har I da? Gjør ikke også tolderne det samme?

47 Og om I hilser bare på eders brødre, hvad stort gjør I da? Gjør ikke også hedningene det samme?

48 Derfor skal I være fullkomne, likesom eders himmelske Fader er fullkommen.

   

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Apocalypse Explained#222

この節の研究

  
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222. And I will write upon him the name of My God, signifies their quality in respect to Divine truth implanted in the life. This is evident from the signification of "writing upon one," when spoken of the Lord, as being to implant in the life (of which presently); also from the signification of "name," as being quality of state (See above, n. 148); and also from the signification of "God," as being Divine truth proceeding from the Lord in heaven, thus the Lord in heaven (concerning which see above, n. 220; for the Lord is above the heavens, appearing to those who are in heaven as a sun (See the work on Heaven and Hell 116-125). The Divine proceeding therefrom, which is called Divine truth, and which makes heaven in general and in particular, is what is meant in the Word by "God;" from this it is that angels are called "gods," and that "God," in the Hebrew is Elohim, in the plural. This makes clear why the Lord here says, "the name of My God;" and above, "I will make him a pillar in the temple of My God" n. 219; and below, "I will write upon him the name of the city of My God, of the New Jerusalem, which is coming down out of heaven from My God" n. 223.

[2] "To write upon one" means to implant in the life, because to write is to commit to paper anything from the memory, thought, or mind, that is to be preserved; in the spiritual sense, therefore, it signifies that which is to endure in man's life, inscribed on it and implanted in it. Thus the natural sense of this expression is turned into a spiritual sense; for it is natural to write upon paper and in a book, but it is spiritual to inscribe on the life, which is done when anything is implanted in the faith and love, since love and faith make man's spiritual life. Because "to write" signifies to implant in the life, it is said of Jehovah or the Lord that "He writes," and that "He has written in a book," meaning that which is inscribed by the Lord on man's spirit, that is, on his heart and soul, or what is the same, on his love and faith. Thus, in David:

My bone was not hidden from Thee when I was made in secret; upon Thy book were written all the days when they were fashioned, and not one of them is wanting (Psalms 139:15-16).

In the same :

Let them be blotted out of the book of lives, and not be written with the righteous (Psalms 69:28).

In Daniel:

The people shall be delivered, everyone that shall be found written in the book (Daniel 12:1).

In Moses:

Blot me, I pray Thee, out of the book which Thou hast written. And Jehovah said, Whosoever hath sinned against Me will I blot out of My book (Exodus 32:32-33).

In Revelation:

A book written within and on the back, sealed with seven seals, which no one could open but the Lamb only (Revelation 5:1).

Again:

All shall worship the beast whose names have not been written in the Lamb's book of life (Revelation 13:8; 17:8).

Again:

I saw that the books were opened: and another book was opened which is that of life; and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the book, 1 according to their works. And if anyone was not found written in the book of life, he was cast into the lake of fire (Revelation 20:12-13, 20:15).

Again :

And there shall enter into the New Jerusalem only they that are written in the Lamb's book of life (Revelation 21:27).

In these passages it is not meant that they are written in a book, but that all things of faith and love are inscribed on man's spirit (as may be seen from the things shown in the work on Heaven and Hell 461-469).

[3] That "to write," in the Word, signifies to inscribe on and implant in the life, is clear from other passages where "writing" is mentioned. Thus in Jeremiah:

I will give My law in the midst of them, and will write it on their heart (Jeremiah 31:33).

"To give the law in the midst of them" means Divine truths in them; "in the midst" signifies inwardly with man (See Arcana Coelestia 1074, 2940, 2973); and "to write it on the heart" is to impress upon the love, for "heart" signifies love (See Arcana Coelestia 7542, 9050, 10336). In Ezekiel:

The prophet saw a roll of a book written front and back, and there were written thereon plaints, moaning, and woe (Ezekiel 2:9, 10; 3:1-3).

"The roll of a book written front and back" signifies the state of the church at that time, thus what the life was of those of the church; therefore "the roll of the book" means the same as "the book of life" mentioned above; and as their life was destitute of the goods of love and the truths of faith, it is said that "there were written thereon plaints, moaning, and woe":

That the law was inscribed on tables of stone, and written with the finger of God (Exodus 31:18; Deuteronomy 4:13; 9:10); signified that it must be impressed on the life (Arcana Coelestia 9416); for "the law," in a strict sense, means the ten commandments of the Decalogue, but in a broad sense, the whole Word (See Arcana Coelestia 6752, 7463); and "stone" signifies truth, here Divine truth (Arcana Coelestia 643[1-4], 1298, 3720, 6426, 8609, 10376). The like is signified by :

Their writing the words of the law upon the twelve stones taken out of the Jordan (Deuteronomy 27:2-4, 8; Joshua 4:3, seq .)

[4] In Ezekiel:

Son of man, take thee one stick, and write upon it, For Judah and for the sons of Israel, his fellows; and take another stick, and write upon it, For Joseph, the stick of Ephraim, and of all the house of Israel, his fellows; and then join them for thee one to another into one stick, that they both may be one in My 2 hand (Ezekiel 37:16, 17).

What these things signify no one can know unless he knows what was represented by "Judah," and what by "Joseph." "Judah" represented the Lord's celestial kingdom, and "Joseph" His spiritual kingdom; and "writing them upon two sticks" signifies each one's state of love and of life therefrom. Their conjunction into one heaven is signified by "joining them one to another into one stick, that they both may be one in My hand." The signification of these words is like that of the Lord's words:

Other sheep also I have, which are not of this fold; them also I must bring; and there shall be one flock and one shepherd (John 10:16).

The writing was to be upon a stick, because a "stick (wood)" signifies good, and it is good that conjoins. (But these things will be more evident from what is shown in the Arcana Coelestia, namely, that the spiritual kingdom before the Lord's coming was not as it was after His coming, n. 6372, 8054; that it was the spiritual especially that were saved by the Lord's coming into the world, and that they were then conjoined with those who were of His celestial kingdom into one heaven, n. 2661, 2716, 2833, 2834, 3969, 6854, 6914, 7035, 7091, 7828, 7932, 8018, 8159, 8321, 9684. That there are two kingdoms, the celestial and spiritual, and that there are three heavens, and that these are conjoined into one heaven, see the work on Heaven 20-28, 29-40. That "Judah" in the representative sense signifies the Lord's celestial kingdom, Arcana Coelestia 3654, 3881, 5583, 5603, 5782, 6363; that " Joseph" signifies the Lord's spiritual kingdom, n. 3969, 3971, 4669, 6417; that " Ephraim" signifies the intellectual of the spiritual church, n. 3969, 5354, 6222, 6234, 6238, 6267, 6296; that "wood" signifies the good of love, n. 643, 3720, 8354.)

[5] In Isaiah:

This one shall say, I am Jehovah's; and another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; and another shall subscribe with his hand unto Jehovah, and surname himself by the name of Israel (Isaiah 44:5).

These things are said of the Lord and of His Divine Human. "Jacob" and "Israel," where the Lord is treated of, signifies His Human, and that the Human is Jehovah is meant by "This one shall say, I am Jehovah's," and "he shall subscribe with his hand unto Jehovah." (That "Israel" and "Jacob" are, in the highest sense, the Lord, see Arcana Coelestia 4286, 4570, 6424)

[6] In Jeremiah :

O Jehovah, the hope of Israel, all that forsake Me shall be ashamed, and they that depart from Me shall be written on the earth, because they have forsaken Jehovah, the fountain of living waters. Heal me, O Jehovah, that I may be healed (Jeremiah 17:13, 14). "To be written in the earth" is to be condemned on account of the state of life, since "earth" signifies what is condemned (See Arcana Coelestia n. 2327, 7418, 8306).

[7] This makes clear what is signified by the Lord's writing with His finger in the earth in John:

The Scribes and Pharisees brought to Jesus in the temple a woman taken in adultery; and they said, This woman was taken in the very act. They asked whether she should be stoned according to the law of Moses. Jesus stooped down, and with His finger wrote in the earth; and rising He said, He that is without sin among you let him first cast a stone at her; and again stooping down, He wrote in the earth. And when they heard these things, they went out one after another; and Jesus was left alone, and the woman; and He said to her, Woman, where are thine accusers; hath no man condemned thee? And He said, Go and sin no more (John 8:2-11).

The Lord's "writing in the earth" signifies the same as above in Jeremiah, "they that depart from Me shall be written in the earth," namely, that they also were condemned on account of adulteries; therefore He said, "He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her." The Lord's "writing twice in the earth" in the temple, signified their condemnation for adulteries in the spiritual sense; for the Scribes and Pharisees were those who adulterated the goods and falsified the truths of the Word, thus of the church; and "adulteries" in the spiritual sense are adulterations of good and falsifications of truth (See above, n. 141, 161); therefore that nation was also called by the Lord:

An adulterous and sinful generation (Mark 8:38).

脚注:

1. The Greek has "books," as found in Apocalypse Explained 98, 250, 785.

2. The Hebrew has "my."

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia#6788

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6788. 'And he said to his daughters' means thought about the holy things belonging to the Church. This is clear from the meaning of saying' as thought, dealt with in 3395; and from the meaning of 'daughters' as holy things belonging to the Church, dealt with above in 6775. The holy things meant here by 'daughters' are truths. In the Word these are called holy because the truths which become the truths of faith with a person have their origin in good, and also because what emanates from the Lord's Divine Human is Divine Truth originating in Divine Good. That being so, the Holy Spirit is a holy influence emanating from the Lord; the actual Spirit does not emanate from Him but the holy utterances made by the Spirit, as anyone may see who gives thought to the matter. The fact that the Holy Spirit, also referred to as the Paraclete, is Divine Truth emanating from the Lord's Divine Human, and the fact that the word 'holy' is used in reference to Divine Truth, is clear from the Lord's words in John,

I will ask the Father to give you another Paraclete, to remain with you forever, the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees Him nor knows Him. The Paraclete, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in My name, He will teach you all things and remind you of all that I said to you. John 14:16-17, 26.

In the same gospel,

When the Paraclete comes, whom I shall send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth who goes forth from the Father, He will bear witness to Me. John 15:26.

And in the same gospel,

When He the Spirit of truth comes, He will guide you into all truth; for He will not speak from Himself, but whatever He hears He will speak. He will glorify Me, for He will receive from what is Mine and declare It to you; all things whatever that the Father has are Mine, therefore I said that He will receive from what is Mine and declare it to you. John 16:13-15.

If one compares these places with very many others one may understand that the Holy Spirit is a holy emanation from the Lord's Divine Human, for the Lord says, 'Whom the Father will send in My name', also 'Whom I shall send to you from the Father', as well as 'He will receive from what is Mine and declare it to you; all things whatever that the Father has are Mine, therefore I said that He will receive from what is Mine and declare it to you'. It is also evident that the word 'holy' is used in reference to truth because the Paraclete is called 'the Spirit of truth'.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.