聖書

 

Josvas 15

勉強

   

1 Den lodd som tilfalt Judas barns stamme efter deres ætter, strakte sig bortimot Edoms landemerke, til ørkenen Sin, lengst mot syd.

2 Og deres grense mot syd gikk ut fra enden av Salthavet, fra den bukt som vender mot syd,

3 bøide syd om Akrabbim-skaret, tok så over til Sin og opefter i syd for Kades-Barnea, gikk så over til Hesron og op til Adar; der svinget den bort til Karka,

4 tok så bortefter til Asmon, gikk frem til Egyptens bekk og endte ute ved havet. Dette [sa Herren] skal være eders grense mot syd.

5 Grensen mot øst var Salthavet inntil Jordans utløp. På nordsiden gikk grensen fra den bukt av Salthavet hvor Jordan løper ut.

6 Derfra drog den sig op til Bet-Hogla og videre i nord for Bet-Ha'araba, op til den sten som har navn efter Bohan, ubens sønn.

7 Så gikk grensen fra Akor-dalen op til Debir og vendte sig nordover til Gilgal, som ligger midt imot Adummim-skaret sønnenfor bekken, og gikk så over til vannet ved En-Semes og frem til En- ogel.

8 Derfra gikk grensen op til Hinnoms sønns dal, til sydsiden av Jebus, det er Jerusalem, og gikk så op til toppen av det fjell som ligger rett i vest for Hinnoms dal ved nordenden av efa'im-dalen.

9 Fra denne fjelltopp strakte grensen sig bort til Neftoah-vannets kilde og holdt frem til byene i Efrons fjellbygd, og tok så bortefter til Ba'ala, det er Kirjat-Jearim.

10 Fra Ba'ala svinget den vestover til Se'ir-fjellet, tok over til nordsiden av Jearim-fjellet, det er Kesalon, og gikk så ned til Bet-Semes og frem til Timna.

11 Derefter gikk grensen nordover til Ekrons fjellrygg; der svinget den bort til Sikron, tok så over til Ba'ala-fjellet, gikk frem til Jabne'el og endte ute ved havet.

12 Grensen mot vest var det store hav og landet langsmed det. Dette var Judas barns grense efter deres ætter, på alle sider.

13 Men Kaleb, Jefunnes sønn, fikk sin del midt iblandt Judas barn efter Herrens ord til Josva; det var Anaks far Arbas by, som nu kalles Hebron.

14 Og Kaleb drev bort derfra de tre anakitter Sesai og Akiman og Talmai, efterkommere av Anak.

15 Derfra drog han op mot innbyggerne i Debir - Debirs navn var før Kirjat-Sefer.

16 Og Kaleb sa: Den som vinner over Kirjat-Sefer og inntar det, ham vil jeg gi min datter Aksa til hustru.

17 Og kenisitten Otniel, Kalebs bror, inntok det; og han gav ham sin datter Aksa til hustru.

18 Og da hun kom [til sin manns hus], egget hun ham til å be hennes far om en jordeiendom, og hun sprang ned av asenet. Da sa Kaleb til henne: Hvad vil du?

19 Hun svarte: Gi mig en avskjedsgave! Du har giftet mig bort til dette tørre sydlandet, Gi mig nu vannkilder! Så gav han henne de øvre og de nedre kilder.

20 Dette er Judas barns stammes arv efter deres ætter:

21 Byene ved den ytterste grense av Judas barns stamme mot Edoms landemerke, i sydlandet, var: Kabse'el og Eder og Jagur

22 og Kina og Dimona og Adada

23 og Kedes og Hasor og Jitnan,

24 Sif og Telem og Bealot

25 og Hasor-Hadatta og Kerijot, Hesron, det er Hasor,

26 Amam og Sema og Molada

27 og Hasur-Gadda og Hesmon og Bet-Pelet

28 og Hasar-Sual og Be'erseba og Bisjotja,

29 Ba'ala og Ijim og Esem

30 og Eltolad og Kesil og Horma

31 og Siklag og Madmanna og Sansanna

32 og Lebaot og Silhim og Ajin og immon - i alt ni og tyve byer med tilhørende landsbyer.

33 I lavlandet: Estaol og Sora og Asna

34 og Sanoah og En-Gannim, Tappuah og Haenam.

35 Jarmut og Adullam, Soko og Aseka

36 og Sa'ara'im og Adita'im og Haggedera og Gederota'im - fjorten byer med tilhørende landsbyer;

37 Senan og Hadasa og Migdal-Gad

38 og Dilan og Mispe og Jokte'el,

39 Lakis og Boskat og Eglon

40 og Kabbon og Lahmas og Kitlis

41 og Gederot, Bet-Dagon og Na'ama og Makkeda - seksten byer med tilhørende landsbyer;

42 Libna og Eter og Asan

43 og Jiftah og Asna og Nesib

44 og Ke'ila og Aksib og Maresa - ni byer med tilhørende landsbyer;

45 Ekron med tilhørende byer og landsbyer;

46 fra Ekron og vestover alt som lå på Asdod-siden, med tilhørende landsbyer;

47 Asdod med tilhørende byer og landsbyer, Gasa med tilhørende byer og landsbyer, inntil Egyptens bekk og det store hav og landet langsmed det.

48 Og i fjellbygdene: Samir og Jattir og Soko

49 og Danna og Kirjat-Sanna, det er Debir,

50 og Anab og Estemo og Anim

51 og Gosen og Holon og Gilo - elleve byer med tilhørende landsbyer;

52 Arab og Duma og Esan

53 og Janim og Bet-Tappuah og Afeka

54 og Humta og Kirjat-Arba, det er Hebron, og Sior - ni byer med tilhørende landsbyer;

55 Maon, Karmel og Sif og Juta

56 og Jisre'el og Jokdeam og Sanoah,

57 Hakka'in, Gibea og Timna - ti byer med tilhørende landsbyer;

58 Halhul, Bet-Sur og Gedor

59 og Ma'arat og Bet-Anot og Eltekon - seks byer med tilhørende landsbyer;

60 Kirjat-Ba'al, det er Kirjat-Jearim, og Harabba - to byer med tilhørende landsbyer.

61 I ørkenen: Bet-Ha'araba, Middin og Sekaka

62 og Hannibsan og Ir-Hammelah og En-Gedi - seks byer med tilhørende landsbyer.

63 Men jebusittene, som bodde i Jerusalem, kunde Judas barn ikke drive bort; og jebusittene blev boende sammen med Judas barn i Jerusalem og der bor de den dag idag.

   

解説

 

Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 15

作者: New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 15: Judah’s territory and more about Caleb.

This chapter describes the territory given to the tribe of Judah, and lists many of its cities and borders. Judah received a major portion of the land of Canaan; its eastern border was the Salt Sea (the Dead Sea), and the western border was the Great Sea (the Mediterranean).

Although Judah was the fourth son of Jacob, he played a more significant role in many of the Old Testament stories than his older brothers did. So, it is not surprising that the tribe of Judah received extensive territory in the south of Canaan, which in later time became the nation of Judah, along with the tribe of Benjamin’s small territory. The name ‘Judah’ also eventually led to the name ‘Jewish’, coming from the Roman province of Judaea. The name ‘Judah’ also means “praise”, specifically praise of God (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 456).

Praise itself is a commendation of a person’s good qualities. To give praise is part of our love for our neighbour; to receive praise underscores our sense of our own value. To praise the Lord is to give thanks to Him, and to affirm the difference that the Lord makes in our life. Ultimately, praise is part of our faith in the Lord to lead us through this life and for eternity.

This uplifting, positive spiritual meaning of Judah does not mean that Judah (the man in the Old Testament) was without faults. He had his flaws, as everyone does, but at times Judah changed the course of events for a better outcome. It was Judah who persuaded his brothers to sell Joseph rather than kill him, and he also offered himself as a hostage for the sake of his brothers (Arcana Caelestia 4815[2]).

Chapter 15 lists very many locations in Judah’s territory. Here are just a few of the places listed, along with their meaning and spiritual significance:

Judah = “praise”

Spiritually = our worship of God

Which includes these, and many more aspects…

Zin = “flat, level ground”

Spiritually = life under God’s guidance

Kadesh Barnea = “holy wanderings”

Spiritually = becoming purified

Beth Hoglah = “house of the partridge”

Spiritually = bringing to birth

En Rogel = “water spring of the foot”

Spiritually = life in everyday activities

Jerusalem = “dwelling place of peace; wholeness”

Spiritually = our highest spiritual state

Nephtoah = “to be open”

Spiritually = to be part of all life

Timnah = “allotted portion”

Spiritually = what the Lord has created me for

Mount Hebron, which was in the territory of Judah, was given to Caleb as an inheritance because of his faithfulness to God. We read in this chapter that he conquers the giants living there, and drives them away from Mount Hebron. Caleb makes a promise that whoever takes the nearby city of Kirjath-sepher will have his daughter, Achsah, for a wife. Caleb’s brother’s son, Othniel, captures the city and marries Achsah. Caleb blesses Achsah and gives her springs of water upon her request, and he also gives Othniel a field.

The spiritual meaning of this touching story is that our spiritual life is intended to come together to be like a family (Arcana Caelestia 3020), just as Caleb, Achsah and Othniel are all close members of a family. Spiritual life is about bringing together our beliefs, our loves and affections, our intentions, and our actions. These different aspects of spiritual life become like one family where everyone – or everything – is interwoven together.

聖書

 

Genesis 38

勉強

   

1 It happened at that time, that Judah went down from his brothers, and visited a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah.

2 Judah saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite whose name was Shua. He took her, and went in to her.

3 She conceived, and bore a son; and he named him Er.

4 She conceived again, and bore a son; and she named him Onan.

5 She yet again bore a son, and named him Shelah: and he was at Chezib, when she bore him.

6 Judah took a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.

7 Er, Judah's firstborn, was wicked in the sight of Yahweh. Yahweh killed him.

8 Judah said to Onan, "Go in to your brother's wife, and perform the duty of a husband's brother to her, and raise up seed to your brother."

9 Onan knew that the seed wouldn't be his; and it happened, when he went in to his brother's wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest he should give seed to his brother.

10 The thing which he did was evil in the sight of Yahweh, and he killed him also.

11 Then Judah said to Tamar, his daughter-in-law, "Remain a widow in your father's house, until Shelah, my son, is grown up;" for he said, "Lest he also die, like his brothers." Tamar went and lived in her father's house.

12 After many days, Shua's daughter, the wife of Judah, died. Judah was comforted, and went up to his sheepshearers to Timnah, he and his friend Hirah, the Adullamite.

13 It was told Tamar, saying, "Behold, your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep."

14 She took off of her the garments of her widowhood, and covered herself with her veil, and wrapped herself, and sat in the gate of Enaim, which is by the way to Timnah; for she saw that Shelah was grown up, and she wasn't given to him as a wife.

15 When Judah saw her, he thought that she was a prostitute, for she had covered her face.

16 He turned to her by the way, and said, "Please come, let me come in to you," for he didn't know that she was his daughter-in-law. She said, "What will you give me, that you may come in to me?"

17 He said, "I will send you a young goat from the flock." She said, "Will you give me a pledge, until you send it?"

18 He said, "What pledge will I give you?" She said, "Your signet and your cord, and your staff that is in your hand." He gave them to her, and came in to her, and she conceived by him.

19 She arose, and went away, and put off her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.

20 Judah sent the young goat by the hand of his friend, the Adullamite, to receive the pledge from the woman's hand, but he didn't find her.

21 Then he asked the men of her place, saying, "Where is the prostitute, that was at Enaim by the road?" They said, "There has been no prostitute here."

22 He returned to Judah, and said, "I haven't found her; and also the men of the place said, 'There has been no prostitute here.'"

23 Judah said, "Let her keep it, lest we be shamed. Behold, I sent this young goat, and you haven't found her."

24 It happened about three months later, that it was told Judah, saying, "Tamar, your daughter-in-law, has played the prostitute; and moreover, behold, she is with child by prostitution." Judah said, "Bring her forth, and let her be burnt."

25 When she was brought forth, she sent to her father-in-law, saying, "By the man, whose these are, I am with child." She also said, "Please discern whose are these--the signet, and the cords, and the staff."

26 Judah acknowledged them, and said, "She is more righteous than I, because I didn't give her to Shelah, my son." He knew her again no more.

27 It happened in the time of her travail, that behold, twins were in her womb.

28 When she travailed, one put out a hand, and the midwife took and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, "This came out first."

29 It happened, as he drew back his hand, that behold, his brother came out, and she said, "Why have you made a breach for yourself?" Therefore his name was called Perez.

30 Afterward his brother came out, that had the scarlet thread on his hand, and his name was called Zerah.