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Daniel 11

勉強

   

1 Et moi, la première année de Darius, le Mède, j'étais auprès de lui pour l'aider et le soutenir.

2 Maintenant, je vais te faire connaître la vérité. Voici, il y aura encore trois rois en Perse. Le quatrième amassera plus de richesses que tous les autres; et quand il sera puissant par ses richesses, il soulèvera tout contre le royaume de Javan.

3 Mais il s'élèvera un vaillant roi, qui dominera avec une grande puissance, et fera ce qu'il voudra.

4 Et lorsqu'il se sera élevé, son royaume se brisera et sera divisé vers les quatre vents des cieux; il n'appartiendra pas à ses descendants, et il ne sera pas aussi puissant qu'il était, car il sera déchiré, et il passera à d'autres qu'à eux.

5 Le roi du midi deviendra fort. Mais un de ses chefs sera plus fort que lui, et dominera; sa domination sera puissante.

6 Au bout de quelques années ils s'allieront, et la fille du roi du midi viendra vers le roi du septentrion pour rétablir la concorde. Mais elle ne conservera pas la force de son bras, et il ne résistera pas, ni lui, ni son bras; elle sera livrée avec ceux qui l'auront amenée, avec son père et avec celui qui aura été son soutien dans ce temps-là.

7 Un rejeton de ses racines s'élèvera à sa place; il viendra à l'armée, il entrera dans les forteresses du roi du septentrion, il en disposera à son gré, et il se rendra puissant.

8 Il enlèvera même et transportera en Egypte leurs dieux et leurs images de fonte, et leurs objets précieux d'argent et d'or. Puis il restera quelques années éloigné du roi du septentrion.

9 Et celui-ci marchera contre le royaume du roi du midi, et reviendra dans son pays.

10 Ses fils se mettront en campagne et rassembleront une multitude nombreuse de troupes; l'un d'eux s'avancera, se répandra comme un torrent, débordera, puis reviendra; et ils pousseront les hostilités jusqu'à la forteresse du roi du midi.

11 Le roi du midi s'irritera, il sortira et attaquera le roi du septentrion; il soulèvera une grande multitude, et les troupes du roi du septentrion seront livrées entre ses mains.

12 Cette multitude sera fière, et le coeur du roi s'enflera; il fera tomber des milliers, mais il ne triomphera pas.

13 Car le roi du septentrion reviendra et rassemblera une multitude plus nombreuse que la première; au bout de quelques temps, de quelques années, il se mettra en marche avec une grande armée et de grandes richesses.

14 En ce temps-là, plusieurs s'élèveront contre le roi du midi, et des hommes violents parmi ton peuple se révolteront pour accomplir la vision, et ils succomberont.

15 Le roi du septentrion s'avancera, il élèvera des terrasses, et s'emparera des villes fortes. Les troupes du midi et l'élite du roi ne résisteront pas, elles manqueront de force pour résister.

16 Celui qui marchera contre lui fera ce qu'il voudra, et personne ne lui résistera; il s'arrêtera dans le plus beau des pays, exterminant ce qui tombera sous sa main.

17 Il se proposera d'arriver avec toutes les forces de son royaume, et de conclure la paix avec le roi du midi; il lui donnera sa fille pour femme, dans l'intention d'amener sa ruine; mais cela n'aura pas lieu, et ne lui réussira pas.

18 Il tournera ses vues du côté des îles, et il en prendra plusieurs; mais un chef mettra fin à l'opprobre qu'il voulait lui attirer, et le fera retomber sur lui.

19 Il se dirigera ensuite vers les forteresses de son pays; et il chancellera, il tombera, et on ne le trouvera plus.

20 Celui qui le remplacera fera venir un exacteur dans la plus belle partie du royaume, mais en quelques jours il sera brisé, et ce ne sera ni par la colère ni par la guerre.

21 Un homme méprisé prendra sa place, sans être revêtu de la dignité royale; il paraîtra au milieu de la paix, et s'emparera du royaume par l'intrigue.

22 Les troupes qui se répandront comme un torrent seront submergées devant lui, et anéanties, de même qu'un chef de l'alliance.

23 Après qu'on se sera joint à lui, il usera de tromperie; il se mettra en marche, et il aura le dessus avec peu de monde.

24 Il entrera, au sein de la paix, dans les lieux les plus fertiles de la province; il fera ce que n'avaient pas fait ses pères, ni les pères de ses pères; il distribuera le butin, les dépouilles et les richesses; il formera des projets contre les forteresses, et cela pendant un certain temps.

25 A la tête d'une grande armée il emploiera sa force et son ardeur contre le roi du midi. Et le roi du midi s'engagera dans la guerre avec une armée nombreuse et très puissante; mais il ne résistera pas, car on méditera contre lui de mauvais desseins.

26 Ceux qui mangeront des mets de sa table causeront sa perte; ses troupes se répandront comme un torrent, et les morts tomberont en grand nombre.

27 Les deux rois chercheront en leur coeur à faire le mal, et à la même table ils parleront avec fausseté. Mais cela ne réussira pas, car la fin n'arrivera qu'au temps marqué.

28 Il retournera dans son pays avec de grandes richesses; il sera dans son coeur hostile à l'alliance sainte, il agira contre elle, puis retournera dans son pays.

29 A une époque fixée, il marchera de nouveau contre le midi; mais cette dernière fois les choses ne se passeront pas comme précédemment.

30 Des navires de Kittim s'avanceront contre lui; découragé, il rebroussera. Puis, furieux contre l'alliance sainte, il ne restera pas inactif; à son retour, il portera ses regards sur ceux qui auront abandonné l'alliance sainte.

31 Des troupes se présenteront sur son ordre; elles profaneront le sanctuaire, la forteresse, elles feront cesser le sacrifice perpétuel, et dresseront l'abomination du dévastateur.

32 Il séduira par des flatteries les traîtres de l'alliance. Mais ceux du peuple qui connaîtront leur Dieu agiront avec fermeté,

33 et les plus sages parmi eux donneront instruction à la multitude. Il en est qui succomberont pour un temps à l'épée et à la flamme, à la captivité et au pillage.

34 Dans le temps où ils succomberont, ils seront un peu secourus, et plusieurs se joindront à eux par hypocrisie.

35 Quelques-uns des hommes sages succomberont, afin qu'ils soient épurés, purifiés et blanchis, jusqu'au temps de la fin, car elle n'arrivera qu'au temps marqué.

36 Le roi fera ce qu'il voudra; il s'élèvera, il se glorifiera au-dessus de tous les dieux, et il dira des choses incroyables contre le Dieu des dieux; il prospérera jusqu'à ce que la colère soit consommée, car ce qui est arrêté s'accomplira.

37 Il n'aura égard ni aux dieux de ses pères, ni à la divinité qui fait les délices des femmes; il n'aura égard à aucun dieu, car il se glorifiera au-dessus de tous.

38 Toutefois il honorera le dieu des forteresses sur son piédestal; à ce dieu, que ne connaissaient pas ses pères, il rendra des hommages avec de l'or et de l'argent, avec des pierres précieuses et des objets de prix.

39 C'est avec le dieu étranger qu'il agira contre les lieux fortifiés; et il comblera d'honneurs ceux qui le reconnaîtront, il les fera dominer sur plusieurs, il leur distribuera des terres pour récompense.

40 Au temps de la fin, le roi du midi se heurtera contre lui. Et le roi du septentrion fondra sur lui comme une tempête, avec des chars et des cavaliers, et avec de nombreux navires; il s'avancera dans les terres, se répandra comme un torrent et débordera.

41 Il entrera dans le plus beau des pays, et plusieurs succomberont; mais Edom, Moab, et les principaux des enfants d'Ammon seront délivrés de sa main.

42 Il étendra sa main sur divers pays, et le pays d'Egypte n'échappera point.

43 Il se rendra maître des trésors d'or et d'argent, et de toutes les choses précieuses de l'Egypte; les Libyens et les Ethiopiens seront à sa suite.

44 Des nouvelles de l'orient et du septentrion viendront l'effrayer, et il partira avec une grande fureur pour détruire et exterminer des multitudes.

45 Il dressera les tentes de son palais entre les mers, vers la glorieuse et sainte montagne Puis il arrivera à la fin, sans que personne lui soit en aide.

   

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Apocalypse Explained#32

この節の研究

  
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32. Unto God and his Father. That this signifies Divine truth and Divine good, is evident from this, that God denotes Divine truth and Jehovah Divine good, and that therefore, in the Word, the Lord is called God where Divine truth is treated of, and Jehovah, where Divine good is (see n. 2586, 2769, 2807, 2822, 3921, 4287, 4402, 7010, 9167.) But here, instead of Jehovah, the word Father is used, because the Father of the Lord was Jehovah, and by Father is meant the same as by Jehovah. By both, God and Father, the Lord alone is meant, the Father being in Him as the soul is in the body (as may be seen above, n. 10 and 26); for He was conceived of Jehovah; and the soul of every one is from him of whom he is conceived. Therefore, when the Lord made mention of the Father, He meant His Divine in Himself; this is why He said, that, the Father was in Him and He in the Father (John 10:38; 14:10, 11); that the Father and He were one (John 10:30); that He was not alone, but He and the Father (John 16:32). (That the Lord called the Divine of Jehovah, which was in Himself from conception and which was the Being (Esse) of His life in His Human, the Father, and the Divine truth which is from Divine good, the Son, see n. 2803, 3704, 7199, 8328, 8897; that the Son of man is Divine truth, and the Father Divine good, see n. 1729, 1733, 2159, 2628, 2803, 2813, 3255, 3704, 7499, 8897, 9807. See also the citations from Arcana Coelestia, in The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem, concerning the union of the Divine, which is called Jehovah the Father, with the Divine Human of the Lord, n. 304.)

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia#9780

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9780. 'And let them bring to you olive oil' means the good of charity and faith. This is clear from the meaning of 'olive oil' as the good of celestial love, dealt with in 886, but in the present verse the good of spiritual love, which is the good of charity towards the neighbour and the good of faith. The reason why the good of charity and faith is meant here by 'olive oil' is that it was for the light or lampstand, and 'the lampstand' means the spiritual heaven, 9548, the spiritual heaven on earth being the spiritual Church. 'Oil' and 'the olive tree' mean in the Word both celestial good and spiritual good, celestial good when the celestial kingdom or Church is the subject, and spiritual good when the spiritual kingdom or Church is the subject. What makes these kingdoms or Churches different from each other is the types of good. The celestial kingdom or Church's types of good are the good of love to the Lord and the good of mutual love, and the spiritual kingdom or Church's types of good are the good of charity towards the neighbour and the good of faith, 9741. These types of good and the types of truth that spring from them are the subject throughout the Word; for the Word consists wholly of teachings about good. It does so because it consists wholly of teachings about love to the Lord and love towards the neighbour, Matthew 22:35-40, and all good is an attribute of love, including the good of faith since this comes into being from the good of love and does not exist without it.

[2] Since the Word consists of teachings about good, people need to know what good is if they are to have any understanding of the Word. But no one can know what good is unless he tries to lead a good life in accordance with the Word. For when someone tries to lead a good life in accordance with the Word the Lord instills good into that person's life. The person then comes to perceive that good and has a feeling for it, and as a result recognizes the essential nature of it. In no other circumstances does it appear, because it does not come to be perceived. All this makes clear what the condition is of those who merely know the things contained in the Word, convince themselves that they are true, yet fail to act on them. They are people with no real awareness of good, nor consequently of truth, for truth is known from good, and never exists without good except as some piece of lifeless knowledge which passes away in the next life.

[3] The fact that 'oil' and 'olive' mean good is clear from places in the Word where they are mentioned, as in Zechariah,

I saw a lampstand of gold, two olive trees beside it, one on the right of the bowl and one to the left of it. These are the two sons of oil, standing beside the Lord of the whole earth. Zechariah 4:2-3, 14.

'Two olive trees' and 'the two sons of oil' are the good of love to the Lord, which is on His right, and the good of charity towards the neighbour, which is to His left. Something similar occurs in John,

The two witnesses prophesied one thousand two hundred and sixty days. These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands standing before the God of the earth. Revelation 11:3-4.

'The two olive trees and the two lampstands' are the same two types of good, which, since they come from the Lord, are called 'the two witnesses'.

[4] In the same book,

I heard a voice in the midst of the four living creatures, saying, Do no harm to oil and wine. Revelation 6:6.

'Oil' stands for the good of love and charity, 'wine' for the good and truth of faith. In Isaiah,

I will plant 1 in the wilderness the cedar of shittah, and the myrtle, and the oil tree. 2 Isaiah 41:19.

In Jeremiah,

They will come and sing on the height of Zion, and converge towards the goodness of Jehovah, towards wheat, and towards new wine, and towards oil. Jeremiah 31:12.

In Joel,

The field has been devastated, the land has been mourning because the grain has been laid waste, the new wine has failed, the oil languishes. Joel 1:10.

In the same prophet,

The threshing-floors are full of clean grain, and the presses overflow with new wine and oil. Joel 2:24.

In Moses,

I will give the rain for your land in its season, that you may gather your grain, your new wine, and your oil. Deuteronomy 11:14.

[5] This verse speaks of grain, new wine, and oil, but it becomes clear to anyone who stops to consider the matter that it is not these actual products that are meant. For being Divine the Word is spiritual, not worldly, so that what it says does not have to do with grain, new wine, or oil of the land, inasmuch as they serve the body as forms of food, only inasmuch as they serve the soul. For all forms of food in the world mean, when mentioned in the Word, heavenly kinds of food, as also the bread and wine in the Holy Supper do. What it is that 'grain' and 'new wine' mean in the places quoted above, see 3580, 5295, 5410, 5959, from which it is evident what 'oil' means.

[6] The same applies to all those things spoken by the Lord when He was in the world, such as those regarding the Samaritan - that he went near the one wounded by the robbers, bound his wounds, and poured in oil and wine, Luke 10:33-34. In this instance oil and wine are not what is meant but the good of love and charity, the good of love by 'oil' and the good of charity and faith by 'wine'. For the subject is the neighbour, thus charity towards him. As regards this meaning of 'wine', see 6377.

[7] The same applies to the things spoken by the Lord regarding the ten virgins, five of whom took their lamps without at the same time any oil, and five who took theirs with oil as well - that the latter five were admitted into heaven, whereas the former five were turned away, Matthew 25:3-4ff. 'Oil in the lamps' is the good of love and charity within the truths of faith; 'the virgins who took lamps but no oil' are those who hear the Word, read it, and say that they are believers, yet do not on that account perform any good deed at all, or who if they do, are not moved by a love of good or of truth but by selfish and worldly love.

[8] Since oil was a sign of the good of charity the sick were also anointed with oil and healed, as it says about the Lord's disciples, that when they went out they cast out demons, and anointed many sick people with oil and healed them, Mark 6:13. In David,

You will make my head fat with oil, my cup will overflow. Psalms 23:5.

'Making the head fat with oil' stands for endowing with heavenly good. In Moses,

Jehovah fed [the people] with the produce of the fields; He caused them to suck honey out of the crag and oil out of the stony rock. Deuteronomy 32:13.

This refers to the Ancient Church. 'Sucking oil out of the stony rock' stands for being imbued with good through the truths of faith.

[9] In Habakkuk,

The fig tree will not blossom, neither will there be any produce on the vines; the olive crop will fail, 3 and the fields will not yield food. Habakkuk 3:17.

Neither the fig tree, vines, olives, nor fields should be understood here but the heavenly sources of food to which they correspond. This is also something which all who acknowledge that the Word has to do with such things as belong to heaven and the Church, and so to the soul, can recognize for themselves. But people who have no thought of anything other than worldly, earthly, and bodily things do not see it, indeed have no wish to see it. They say to themselves, What are spiritual things? What are heavenly realities? and so say, What are heavenly sources of food? They indeed know, when they are told, that these are the kinds of things which contribute to intelligence and wisdom, but they have no wish to know that they are what contribute to faith and love. They have no wish to know because they do not let such things enter into their life and as a result do not go far enough to attain intelligence and wisdom in heavenly truths and forms of goodness.

[10] In Ezekiel,

I washed you with water, and washed away the blood 4 from upon you, and anointed you with oil. I clothed you with embroidered cloth. Your garments were fine linen, silk, and embroidered cloth. You ate fine flour, and honey, and oil. But you took your embroidered garments and covered the images, and you set My oil and My incense before them. Ezekiel 16:9-10, 13, 18.

Is there anyone who cannot see that garments made of embroidered cloth, fine linen, or silk are not meant here, nor oil, honey, or fine flour, but Divine things belonging to heaven and the Church? For these words refer to Jerusalem, by which the Church is meant, and therefore the matters that are mentioned mean such things as have to do with the Church. Each detail clearly means something specific about the Church, for in the Word, which is Divine, not a single word is devoid of meaning. For the meaning of Jerusalem as the Church, see 3654; and as regards what anything further means, for 'embroidered cloth', 9688; 'fine linen', 5319, 9469; 'fine flour', 2177; 'honey', 5620, 6857; 'washing with water', 3147, 5954 (end), 9088; and 'washing away the blood', 4735, 9127.

[11] In Hosea,

Ephraim feeds the wind; they make a covenant with the Assyrian, and oil is carried down into Egypt. Hosea 12:1.

These words are altogether unintelligible unless one knows what is meant by 'Ephraim', 'the Assyrian', and 'Egypt'. They describe the understanding part in the mind of a member of the Church when that part is perverted by means of mere reasonings based on factual knowledge. For 'Ephraim' is that understanding part, 3969, 5354, 6222, 6238, 6267; 'the Assyrian' reasoning, 1186; and 'Egypt' factual knowledge, 9391. Consequently 'carrying oil down into Egypt' means defiling the Church's good in that manner.

[12] The reason why the Lord went so often up to the Mount of Olives, Luke 21:37; 22:39, was that 'oil' and 'olive' were signs of the good of love, as also was 'a mountain', 6435, 8758. This was so because while the Lord was in the world all things in Him were representative of heaven; through them the whole of heaven was linked to Him. Therefore whatever He did and whatever He spoke was Divine and heavenly, and the last and lowest things were representative. The Mount of Olives represented heaven in respect of the good of love and charity, as also becomes clear in Zechariah,

Jehovah will go out and fight against the nations; His feet will stand on that day upon the Mount of Olives, which faces 5 Jerusalem. And the Mount of Olives will be split, that part of it [may lean] towards the east and towards the sea, 6 with a large valley; and part of the mountain will move away towards the north, and part of it towards the south. Zechariah 14:3-4.

[13] This refers to the Lord and His Coming. 'The Mount of Olives' means the good of love and charity, and so means the Church, for those forms of good make the Church. The fact that the Church would depart from the Jewish nation and be established among gentile nations is meant by the description that this mountain would be split towards the east, towards the sea, and towards the north and south. Something similar is meant by the Lord's words in Luke,

You yourselves will be thrown out of doors. On the other hand people will come from the east and the west, and from the north and the south, and sit at table in the kingdom of God. Luke 13:28-29.

The overall meaning of the statement that Jehovah will go out and fight against the nations, and His feet will stand upon the Mount of Olives, which faces Jerusalem, is that the Lord would fight from Divine Love against the hells; for evils springing from the hells are meant by 'the nations', 1868, 6306, and Divine Love by 'the Mount of Olives' on which His feet will stand.

脚注:

1. literally, give

2. literally, the wood of oil

3. literally, the work of the olive will lie (i.e. prove false)

4. literally, your bloods

5. literally, which is before the face of

6. i.e. the west

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.