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Mattheüs 15

勉強

   

1 Toen kwamen tot Jezus enige Schriftgeleerden en Farizeen, die van Jeruzalem waren, zeggende:

2 Waarom overtreden Uw discipelen de inzetting der ouden? Want zij wassen hun handen niet, wanneer zij brood zullen eten.

3 Maar Hij, antwoordende, zeide tot hen: Waarom overtreedt ook gij het gebod Gods, door uw inzetting?

4 Want God heeft geboden, zeggende: Eert uwen vader en moeder, en: Wie vader of moeder vloekt, die zal de dood sterven.

5 Maar gij zegt: Zo wie tot vader of moeder zal zeggen: Het is een gave, zo wat u van mij zou kunnen ten nutte komen; en zijn vader of zijn moeder geenszins zal eren, die voldoet.

6 En gij hebt alzo Gods gebod krachteloos gemaakt door uw inzetting.

7 Gij geveinsden! Wel heeft Jesaja van u geprofeteerd, zeggende:

8 Dit volk genaakt Mij met hun mond, en eert Mij met de lippen, maar hun hart houdt zich verre van Mij;

9 Doch tevergeefs eren zij Mij, lerende leringen, die geboden van mensen zijn.

10 En als Hij de schare tot Zich geroepen had, zeide Hij tot hen: Hoort en verstaat.

11 Hetgeen ten monde ingaat, ontreinigt den mens niet; maar hetgeen ten monde uitgaat, dat ontreinigt den mens.

12 Toen kwamen Zijn discipelen tot Hem, en zeiden tot Hem: Weet Gij wel, dat de Farizeen deze rede horende, geergerd zijn geweest?

13 Maar Hij, antwoordende zeide: Alle plant, die Mijn hemelse Vader niet geplant heeft, zal uitgeroeid worden.

14 Laat hen varen; zij zijn blinde leidslieden der blinden. Indien nu de blinde den blinde leidt, zo zullen zij beiden in de gracht vallen.

15 En Petrus, antwoordende, zeide tot Hem: Verklaar ons deze gelijkenis.

16 Maar Jezus zeide: Zijt ook gijlieden alsnog onwetende?

17 Verstaat gij nog niet, dat al wat ten monde ingaat, in de buik komt, en in de heimelijkheid wordt uitgeworpen?

18 Maar die dingen, die ten monde uitgaan, komen voort uit het hart, en dezelve ontreinigen den mens.

19 Want uit het hart komen voort boze bedenkingen, doodslagen, overspelen, hoererijen, dieverijen, valse getuigenissen, lasteringen.

20 Deze dingen zijn het, die den mens ontreinigen; maar het eten met ongewassen handen ontreinigt den mens niet.

21 En Jezus van daar gaande, vertrok naar de delen van Tyrus en Sidon.

22 En ziet, een Kananese vrouw, uit die landpalen komende, riep tot Hem, zeggende: Heere! Gij Zone Davids, ontferm U mijner! mijn dochter is deerlijk van den duivel bezeten.

23 Doch Hij antwoordde haar niet een woord. En Zijn discipelen, tot Hem komende, baden Hem, zeggende: Laat haar van U; want zij roept ons na.

24 Maar Hij, antwoordende, zeide: Ik ben niet gezonden, dan tot de verloren schapen van het huis Israels.

25 En zij kwam en aanbad Hem, zeggende: Heere, help mij!

26 Doch Hij antwoordde en zeide: Het is niet betamelijk het brood der kinderen te nemen, en den hondekens voor te werpen.

27 En zij zeide: Ja, Heere! doch de hondekens eten ook van de brokjes die er vallen van de tafel hunner heren.

28 Toen antwoordde Jezus, en zeide tot haar: O vrouw! groot is uw geloof; u geschiede, gelijk gij wilt. En haar dochter werd gezond van diezelfde ure.

29 En Jezus, van daar vertrekkende, kwam aan de zee van Galilea, en klom op den berg, en zat daar neder.

30 En vele scharen zijn tot Hem gekomen, hebbende bij zich kreupelen, blinden, stommen, lammen, en vele anderen, en wierpen ze voor de voeten van Jezus; en Hij genas dezelve.

31 Alzo dat de scharen zich verwonderden, ziende de stommen sprekende, de lammen gezond, de kreupelen wandelende, en de blinden ziende; en zij verheerlijkten den God Israels.

32 En Jezus, Zijn discipelen tot Zich geroepen hebbende, zeide: Ik word innerlijk met ontferming bewogen over de schare, omdat zij nu drie dagen bij Mij gebleven zijn, en hebben niet wat zij eten zouden; en Ik wil hen niet nuchteren van Mij laten, opdat zij op den weg niet bezwijken.

33 En Zijn discipelen zeiden tot Hem: Van waar zullen wij zovele broden in de woestijn bekomen, dat wij zulk een grote schare zouden verzadigen?

34 En Jezus zeide tot hen: Hoevele broden hebt gij? Zij zeiden: Zeven, en weinige visjes.

35 En Hij gebood den scharen neder te zitten op de aarde.

36 En Hij nam de zeven broden en de vissen, en als Hij gedankt had, brak Hij ze, en gaf ze Zijn discipelen; en de discipelen gaven ze aan de schare.

37 En zij aten allen en werden verzadigd, en zij namen op, het overschot der brokken, zeven volle manden.

38 En die daar gegeten hadden, waren vier duizend mannen, zonder de vrouwen en kinderen.

39 En de scharen van Zich gelaten hebbende, ging Hij in het schip, en kwam in de landpalen van Magdala.

   

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Apocalypse Explained#1057

この節の研究

  
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1057. Whose names have not been written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, signifies that there are those who do not acknowledge the Divine authority of the Lord over heaven and earth, but regard it as transferred to a certain vicar, and from him to his vicars. This is evident from the signification of "names not written in the book of life," as being those who are not received in heaven (See n. 199, 222, 299); and as those are not received into heaven who do not acknowledge the Lord's Divine authority over heaven and earth, such are here meant. Also from the signification of "from the foundation of the world," as being from the establishment of the church. In the sense of the letter or the natural sense "the foundation of the world" means the creation of the world; but in the internal spiritual sense it means the establishment of the church; for the spiritual sense treats of spiritual things, while the natural sense treats of natural things which pertain to the world. For this reason the creation of the heaven and the earth in the first chapter of Genesis describes in the spiritual sense the new creation or establishment of the first and Most Ancient Church on this earth. (That this is described by the creation of heaven and earth in the first chapter of Genesis may be seen in the Arcana Coelestia, where the contents of that chapter are explained.) Moreover, "to create" signifies in the Word to reform; and "the Creator" means the Lord as Reformer and Savior. (That "to create" signifies to reform, and that the creation of heaven and earth in the first chapter of Genesis in the spiritual sense describes the establishment of the Most Ancient Church can be seen above, n. 294, 739.)

[2] The establishment of the church is meant by "the foundation of the world" in these passages in the Word:

The king shall say to them on the right hand, Come and possess as an inheritance the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world (Matthew 15:34).

Jesus praying said, Father, for Thou lovedst Me before the foundation of the world (John 17:24).

Jesus said, The blood of all the prophets shed from the foundation of the world shall be required of this generation (Luke 11:50).

That the establishment of the church is meant by "the foundation of the world" is evident from passages in the Word where mention is made of "founding the earth," "the founding of the earth," and "the foundation of the earth," which do not mean the founding or creating of the earth, but the establishment or creation of the church upon the earth. As in Zechariah:

Jehovah spreadeth abroad the heavens, and foundeth the earth, and formeth the spirit of man in the midst of him (Zechariah 12:1).

Here "spreading abroad the heaven and founding the earth," does not mean the spreading abroad of the visible heaven and the founding of the habitable earth, but the church as to its internals, which are called spiritual, and as to its externals, which are called natural. "To found" this and "to spread abroad" that means to establish; and therefore it is added, "and formeth the spirit of man in the midst of him," which signifies his reformation and regeneration.

[3] In Isaiah:

Hearken unto Me, O Jacob and Israel, My hand hath founded the earth, and My right hand hath spanned the heavens (Isaiah 48:12-13).

"Founding the earth with the hand, and spanning the heavens with the right hand," has a similar signification here as above, as can be seen from what precedes and what follows in this chapter where the establishment of a New Church by the Lord is treated of. In the same:

Thou hast forgotten Jehovah thy Maker, that stretcheth forth the heavens and foundeth the earth (Isaiah 51:13).

Here again, "the heavens and the earth" signify the church as to its internal or spiritual things and its external or natural things; and "to stretch forth and found" signifies to establish.

[4] In the same:

I will put My words in thy mouth, and will cover thee with the shadow of My hand, to plant the heavens and to found the earth, and to say unto Zion, Thou art My people. Awake, awake, arise, O Jerusalem (Isaiah 51:16-17).

Here "to plant the heavens and to found the earth" evidently stands for the establishment of the church; for this is said to the prophet, that "the word should be put in his mouth, and that he should be covered with the shadow of the hand, to plant the heavens and to found the earth;" and a prophet cannot found the earth, but he can found a church; therefore it is also added, "to say unto Zion, Thou art my people. Awake, awake, arise, O Jerusalem," "Zion and Jerusalem," in the Word, meaning the church. In David:

The heaven is Thine and the earth is Thine; the world and the fullness thereof Thou hast founded them (Psalms 89:11).

Here too, "heaven and earth" signify the church; "the world" signifies the church as to good, and "the fullness thereof" signifies all the goods and truths of the church.

[5] In the same:

The earth and the world Jehovah hath founded upon the seas, and established upon the rivers. Who shall ascend into the mountain of Jehovah, and who shall stand in the place of His holiness? (Psalms 24:2-3).

The establishment of the church is described by "founding the earth and the world upon the seas, and establishing them upon the rivers," as can be seen above (n. 304, 518, 741). That the establishment of the church is signified is evident from what here follows, namely, "Who shall ascend into the mountain of Jehovah, and who shall stand in the place of His holiness?" "The mountain of Jehovah" means Zion, which signifies where the Lord reigns by means of the Divine truth, and "the place of His holiness" means Jerusalem, where the temple was, which signifies the church as to doctrine. All this makes clear that "the founding of the world" signifies the establishment of the church. For the "world" has a similar meaning as "heaven and earth;" and the expression "to found the earth" is used because the "earth" signifies the church on earth, and upon this heaven as to its holy things is founded. This also makes clear the signification of "the foundations of the earth" in the following passages. In Isaiah:

Do ye not know, do ye not hear, hath it not been declared to you from the beginning, do ye not understand the foundations of the earth? (Isaiah 40:21).

In the same:

The foundations of the earth are corrupted (Isaiah 24:18; likewise Isaiah 63:12; Jeremiah 31:37; Micah 6:2; Psalms 18:7, 15; 82:5).

(Continuation respecting the Second Kind of Profanation)

[6] Profaners of this kind are stupid and foolish in spiritual things, but are crafty and keen in worldly things, because they make one with the devils in hell; and because, as has been said above, they are merely sensual, and are therefore in what is their own [proprium], which draws its delight of life from the unclean effluvia that exhale from waste matters in the body, and that are emitted from dunghills; and these cause a swelling of their breasts when their pride is active and the titillation of these causes delight.

[7] That such is the source of their delight is made evident by their delights after death when they are living as spirits; for then more than the sweetest odors do they love the rank stenches arising from the gases of the belly and from outhouses, which to their smell are more fragrant than thyme. The approach and touch of these close up the interiors of their mind, and open the exteriors pertaining to the body, from which comes their quickness in worldly things, and their dullness in spiritual things. In a word, the love of having dominion by means of the holy things of the church corresponds to filth, and its delight to a stench indescribable by words, and at which angels shudder. Such is the exhalation from their hells when they are opened; but they are kept closed because of the oppression and occasional swooning which they produce.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia#6854

この節の研究

  
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6854. 'And I have come down to deliver them from the hand of the Egyptians' means that He would stoop down to them to release them from the power of false factual knowledge, which tries to destroy the truths of the Church. This is clear from the meaning of 'coming down' as stooping down, dealt with below; from the meaning of 'to deliver' as to release, for one who releases people from falsities delivers or sets them free; from the meaning of 'the hand' as the power, dealt with in 878, 3387, 3563, 4931-4937, 5544; and from the meaning of 'the Egyptians' as false factual knowledge, which is opposed to the Church's truths, dealt with in 6651, 6679, 6683, and so which tries to destroy them. As regards the Lord's coming down, the situation is that the Lord is said to come or stoop down when He comes to judgement, 1311, and also when He comes down to lower things, in this instance to those belonging to the spiritual Church, who are meant by 'the children of Israel'. For the subject in the internal sense is the way in which those people are molested by falsities, at which time they undergo temptations, and the way in which after that they are set free in order that they may be led into heaven.

[2] But the contents of the internal sense of this verse and of those that follow hold an even deeper mystery which the Church does not yet know about and which must therefore be disclosed. Those who are termed spiritual are people for whom only the understanding part of their mind, not the will part, can be regenerated. In the understanding part of their mind the Lord therefore implants a new will, a will which conforms to the teachings that compose the faith of their Church. These people, that is to say, spiritual ones such as these, were saved solely by the Lord's Coming into the world. The reason why is that the Divine passing through heaven, which was the Divine Human before the Lord's Coming, could not reach them; for to be sure the teachings of their Church were for the most part not truths, and consequently the good in their will was not good either, 6427. Since those people could be saved solely by the Lord's Coming, they could not be raised into heaven before then. They were therefore kept in the meantime on the lower earth, in places there which in the Word are called 'pits'. This lower earth was besieged on every side by the hells where there were falsities, by which they were molested greatly during that time. In spite of this however the Lord protected them. But after the Lord came into the world and made the Human within Himself Divine, He set free those who were in the pits there and raised them to heaven. From these He also formed the spiritual heaven which is the second heaven. This is what is meant by the Lord's descent into the lower parts 1 and by His deliverance of those who had been bound.

[3] This is the even deeper mystery that is described in the internal sense of this verse and of those that follow. See what has been shown already regarding those who are spiritual,

The spiritual are in obscurity so far as the truth and good of faith are concerned, 2708, 2715, 2718, 2831, 2849, 2935, 2937, 3241, 3833, 6289.

Their obscurity is lightened by the Lord's Divine Human, 2716, 4402.

Because they are in obscurity so far as the truth and good of faith are concerned they are under strong attack from the hells; but the Lord is constantly protecting them, 6419.

Those who are spiritual cannot have the will part of their mind regenerated, only the understanding part; and there the Lord forms a new will, 863, 875, 895, 927, 918, 1023, 1043, 1044, 2156, 4328, 4493, 5113.

The spiritual were saved by the Lord's Coming into the world, 2833, 2834, 3969.

[4] Various places in the prophetical part of the Word mention 'the bound' or 'the bound in the pit' and the fact that the Lord delivered them. The bound' should be taken to mean specifically those spoken of just above, as in Isaiah,

I Jehovah have called you in righteousness, and will hold your hand, because I will guard you, and give you to be a covenant of the people, 2 a light of the nations, to open the blind eyes, to bring the bound out of prison, out of the dungeon-house those who sit in darkness. Isaiah 42:6-7.

In the same prophet,

I have guarded you, and I have given you as covenant of the people - to restore the land; to share out the devastated inheritances; to say to the bound, Go out; to those who are in darkness, Reveal yourselves. They will feed along the ways, and on all slopes will their pasture be. Isaiah 49:8-9.

This plainly refers to the Lord. 'The bound' stands in particular for those who were held back on the lower earth until the Lord's Coming, when they were raised up to heaven, and in general for all who are governed by good, yet are held back as though bound by falsities, from which however they wish to break away.

[5] In Zechariah,

Through the blood of your covenant I will let out your bound ones from the pit. Zechariah 9:11.

In Isaiah,

They will surely be gathered together, the bound ones in the pit, and they will be shut up in the dungeon; after a multitude of days they will be visited. Isaiah 24:21.

'The bound ones in the pit' stands for the same people. And in addition to these places the same meaning can be seen from the following words in Isaiah,

Jehovah has anointed Me to bring good tidings to the poor. He has sent Me to bind up the broken in heart; to preach liberty to captives, to those who are bound, to him who is blind; to proclaim the year of Jehovah's good pleasure. Isaiah 61:1-2.

And elsewhere,

The people walking in darkness have seen a great light; those dwelling in the land of the shadow of death, upon them has the light shone out. Isaiah 9:2.

脚注:

1. i.e. hell

2. 'The Latin means for the people but the Hebrew means of the people, which Swedenborg has in some other places where he quotes this verse.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.