60. That the stone tablets on which the law was written were called the Tablets of the Covenant, and that because of them the Ark was called the Ark of the Covenant, the law itself being the covenant, see Numbers 10:33; Deuteronomy 4:13, 23, 5:2-3, 9:9; Joshua 3:11; 1 Kings 8:19, 21; Revelation 11:19. And many other places.

The law was called a covenant because a covenant symbolizes conjunction. We are accordingly told regarding the Lord that He would be “as a covenant to the people” (Isaiah 42:6, 49:8). He is called, too, “the Messenger of the covenant” (Malachi 3:1), and His blood “the blood of the covenant” (Matthew 26:28, Zechariah 9:11, Exodus 24:4-10). That is why the Word is called the Old Covenant and New Covenant.

Covenants are also made as testaments of love, friendship, and fellowship, thus for the sake of conjunction.

55. That these laws were so very holy can be seen from the fact that Jehovah Himself, that is, the Lord, descended onto Mount Sinai in fire, accompanied by angels, and promulgated them from there with His own voice; that the people readied themselves for three days to see and hear this; that bounds were set around the mountain to keep anyone from approaching and dying; that not even the priests or elders were to approach, but Moses only; that these laws were inscribed on two stone tablets with the finger of God; that when Moses brought them down from the mountain a second time, His face shone; that afterward they were placed in the Ark, and the Ark was placed in the innermost part of the Tabernacle, on which was set the mercy seat, and over it cherubim of gold; that this was the holiest focus of their church and called the most holy place; that set outside the veil within which the Ark was placed were objects that represented the sanctities of heaven and the church, namely the golden lampstand with its seven lamps, the golden altar of incense, and the table overlaid with gold which held the showbread, surrounded by curtains of linen, purple and scarlet.

The holiness of this whole Tabernacle was due solely to the law placed in the Ark.

[2] Because of the holiness of the Tabernacle, owing to the law in the Ark, the Israelite people were all commanded to camp about it in order by tribes, and to set out in order after it; and a cloud then stood over it by day, and fire by night.

Because of the holiness of that law, and the Lord’s presence in it, the Lord spoke with Moses from upon the mercy seat between the cherubim, and the Ark was called the abode of Jehovah. Aaron, moreover, was permitted to enter within the veil only with sacrifices and incense.

Because that law was holiness itself in the church, therefore David brought the Ark into Zion. And it was later placed in the midst of the Temple in Jerusalem and constituted its inner sanctuary.

[3] Because of the Lord’s presence in that law and surrounding it, miracles were also occasioned by the Ark which contained that law. For example, the Jordan’s waters were parted, and as long as the Ark rested in the midst of it, the people crossed over on dry ground. Its being carried around caused the walls of Jericho to fall. Dagon, the Philistine god, fell down before it, and after that lay at the threshold of the shrine with its head broken off. Moreover, because of the Ark many thousands of the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh were struck. And other miracles as well.

All of these events occurred solely because of the Lord’s presence in His Ten Commandments, which are the precepts of the Decalogue.