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Éxodo 28

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1 Harás allegar a ti a Aarón tu hermano, y a sus hijos consigo, de entre los hijos de Israel, para que sean mis sacerdotes; a Aarón, Nadab y Abiú, Eleazar e Itamar, hijos de Aarón.

2 Y harás vestidos santos para Aarón tu hermano, para honra y hermosura.

3 Y tú hablarás a todos los sabios de corazón, a quienes yo he llenado de Espíritu de sabiduría; para que hagan los vestidos de Aarón, para santificarle para que sea mi sacerdote.

4 Los vestidos que harán serán estos: el pectoral, el efod, el manto, la túnica bordada, la mitra, y el cinturón. Hagan, pues, los santos vestidos a Aarón tu hermano, y a sus hijos, para que sean mis sacerdotes.

5 Los cuales tomarán oro, y cárdeno, y púrpura, y carmesí, y lino fino,

6 y harán el efod de oro y cárdeno, y púrpura, y carmesí, y lino torcido de obra de bordador.

7 Tendrá dos hombreras que se junten a sus dos lados, y así se juntará.

8 Y el artificio de su cinto que estará sobre él, será de su misma obra, de lo mismo; de oro, cárdeno, y púrpura, y carmesí, y lino torcido.

9 Y tomarás dos piedras de ónice, y grabarás en ellas los nombres de los hijos de Israel:

10 Los seis nombres en una piedra, y los otros seis nombres en la otra piedra, conforme al nacimiento de ellos.

11 De obra de grabador en piedra a modo de grabaduras de sello, harás grabar aquellas dos piedras con los nombres de los hijos de Israel; les harás alrededor engastes de oro.

12 Y pondrás aquellas dos piedras sobre los hombros del efod, serán piedras de memoria a los hijos de Israel; y Aarón llevará los nombres de ellos delante del SEÑOR en sus dos hombros por memoria.

13 Y harás los engastes de oro,

14 y dos cadenillas de oro fino; las cuales harás de hechura de trenza; y fijarás las cadenas de hechura de trenza en los engastes.

15 Harás asimismo el pectoral del juicio de primorosa obra, le has de hacer conforme a la obra del efod, de oro, y cárdeno, y púrpura, y carmesí, y lino torcido.

16 Será cuadrado y doble, de un palmo de largo y un palmo de ancho;

17 y lo llenarás de pedrería con cuatro órdenes de piedras. El orden: un rubí, una esmeralda, y una crisólita, será el primer orden;

18 El segundo orden, un carbunclo, un zafiro, y un diamante;

19 el tercer orden, un topacio, una turquesa, y una amatista;

20 y el cuarto orden, un tarsis (o berilo ), un onix, y un jaspe; estarán engastadas en oro en sus encajes.

21 Y serán aquellas piedras según los nombres de los hijos de Israel, doce según sus nombres; como grabaduras de sello cada una según su nombre, serán a las doce tribus.

22 Harás también en el pectoral cadenetas de hechura de trenzas de oro fino.

23 Y harás en el pectoral dos anillos de oro, los cuales pondrás a los dos extremos del pectoral.

24 Y pondrás las dos trenzas de oro en los dos anillos a los dos extremos del pectoral;

25 y pondrás los dos extremos de las dos trenzas sobre los dos engastes, y las pondrás a los lados del efod en la parte delantera.

26 Harás también dos anillos de oro, los cuales pondrás a los dos extremos del pectoral, en su orilla que está al lado del efod de la parte de adentro.

27 Harás asimismo dos anillos de oro, los cuales pondrás a los dos lados del efod abajo en la parte delantera, delante de su juntura sobre el cinto del efod.

28 Y juntarán el pectoral con sus anillos a los anillos del efod con un cordón de cárdeno, para que esté sobre el cinto del efod, y no se aparte el pectoral del efod.

29 Y llevará Aarón los nombres de los hijos de Israel en el pectoral del juicio sobre su corazón, cuando entrare en el santuario, en memoria delante del SEÑOR continuamente.

30 Y pondrás en el pectoral del juicio Urim y Tumim, para que estén sobre el corazón de Aarón cuando entrare delante del SEÑOR; y llevará siempre Aarón el juicio de los hijos de Israel sobre su corazón delante del SEÑOR.

31 Harás el manto del efod todo de cárdeno.

32 Y tendrá el collar de su cabeza en medio de él, el cual tendrá un borde alrededor de obra de tejedor, como un collar de un coselete, para que no se rompa.

33 Y harás en sus orladuras granadas de cárdeno, y púrpura, y carmesí, por sus orladuras alrededor; y entre ellas campanillas de oro alrededor.

34 Una campanilla de oro y una granada, otra campanilla de oro y otra granada, por las orladuras del manto alrededor.

35 Y estará sobre Aarón cuando ministrare; y se oirá su sonido cuando él entrare en el santuario delante del SEÑOR y cuando saliere; para que no muera.

36 Harás además una plancha de oro fino, y grabarás en ella grabadura de sello, SANTIDAD AL SEÑOR.

37 Y la pondrás con un cordón cárdeno, y estará sobre la mitra; por la parte delantera de la mitra estará.

38 Y estará sobre la frente de Aarón; y Aarón llevará el pecado de las santificaciones, que los hijos de Israel santificaren en todas las ofrendas de sus santificaciones; y sobre su frente estará continuamente para que hallen gracia delante del SEÑOR.

39 Y bordarás una túnica de lino, y harás una mitra de lino; harás también un cinto de obra de recamador.

40 Y para los hijos de Aarón harás túnicas; también les harás cintos, y les formarás chapeos tiaras para honra y hermosura.

41 Y con ellos vestirás a Aarón tu hermano, y a sus hijos con él; y los ungirás, y llenarás sus manos, y santificarás, para que sean mis sacerdotes.

42 Y les harás calzoncillos de lino para cubrir la carne vergonzosa; serán desde los lomos hasta los muslos:

43 Y estarán sobre Aarón y sobre sus hijos cuando entraren en el tabernáculo del testimonio, o cuando se llegaren al altar para servir en el santuario, para que no lleven pecado, y mueran. Estatuto perpetuo para él, y para su simiente después de él.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 9863

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9863. 'And you shall adorn it with settings of stones' means the actual truths in their proper order, all springing from the one same good. This is clear from the meaning of the breastplate, to which 'it' refers here, as Divine Truth shining forth from the Lord's Divine Good, dealt with in 9823; from the meaning of 'settings of stones' as truths in their proper order. For the breastplate was adorned with stones in accord with the names of the sons of Israel, and in a general sense truths on the lowest level of order are meant by 'stones', 114, 643, 1298, 3720, 6426, 8609, and truths shining forth from good by 'precious stones' such as those in the breastplate, 9476. The expression 'springing from the one same good' is used because there is just one good that all the truths spring from. This good is the good of love within the Lord, thus is the Lord Himself, and is consequently the good of love from the Lord, which is the good of love to the Lord. For the good which flows in from the Lord and resides with man, spirit, or angel, has all the appearance of being theirs; and so it is that love to the Lord is love received from the Lord. This good is the one and only good from which all the truths spring, and from which the order among them begins; for the truths are outward forms of the good.

[2] The fact that the precious stones in the breastplate meant Divine Truths springing from Divine Good is clear from places in the Word where precious stones are mentioned, such as in John's Revelation,

The foundations of the wall of the city, the new Jerusalem, were adorned with every kind of precious stone. The first foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald, the fifth sardonyx, the sixth sardius, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, the twelfth amethyst. Revelation 21:19-20.

These precious stones mean the Church's truths, which are God's truths. This is clear from the meaning of 'the city, the new Jerusalem', 'the wall of it', and 'the foundations of the wall'. 'The new Jerusalem' means a new Church which will take the place of the one that is ours at the present day; for the Book of Revelation deals with the state of the Church that exists now, through to its end, and then with a new Church, which is the holy Jerusalem coming down out of heaven. 'The wall of it' means the truths of faith that serve to defend it, and 'the foundations' truths that spring from good. Those actual truths in their proper order are specified by the precious stones mentioned by name there. Anyone may see that no Jerusalem is going to come down out of heaven or that anything else mentioned there is literally going to take place, but that this description in every detail means such things as have to do with the Church. The fact that the truths of faith are meant by the foundations of its wall is clear from the consideration that they are the things which guard the Church from every attack, as walls do a city.

'Jerusalem' is the Church, see 2117, 9166.

'Walls' are the truths of faith guarding the Church, 6419.

'Foundations' are truths springing from good, 9643.

[3] In Ezekiel,

Son of man, take up a lamentation over the king of Tyre, and say to him, Thus said the Lord Jehovih, Full of wisdom, and perfect in beauty, you were in Eden, the garden of God. Every precious stone was your covering - ruby, topaz, and diamond; tarshish, shoham, and jasper; sapphire, chrysoprase, and carbuncle - and gold. You were on the mountain of the holiness of God, you walked in the midst of stones of fire. Ezekiel 28:12-14.

Here also precious stones mean truths springing from good. For 'Tyre' in the representative internal sense is one who has intelligence and wisdom arising from cognitions or knowledge of goodness and truth, 1201. This is why its king is said to be 'full of wisdom, and perfect in beauty'. 'Wisdom' has regard to good, and 'beauty' to truth; for all wisdom in heaven is derived from good, and all beauty there is derived from truths springing from good. 'The garden of Eden' means intelligence composed of good, 100, 'garden' meaning real intelligence, 100, 108, 2702. From this it is evident that the stones there mentioned by name mean truths springing from good.

[4] But precisely which truths springing from good are meant by each of the stones in the breastplate will be clear from what is to follow. The fact that they mean all truths and forms of good in their entirety is clear from the following considerations: They were twelve and had the names of the sons of Israel or the tribes inscribed on them, the forms of good and the truths of heaven and the Church in their entirety being meant by the twelve tribes, 3858, 3926, 3939, 4060, 6335, 6337, 6397; they therefore meant heaven and all the communities there, 7836, 7891, 7996, 7997; the meaning of them varied, depending on the order in which they are mentioned in the Word, 3862, 3926, 3939, 4303, 6337, 6640; and 'twelve' means all, 3272, 3858, 7973.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 3272

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3272. 'Twelve princes of their peoples' means all the first and foremost features of that spiritual Church. This is clear from the meaning of 'twelve' as all things of faith and so of the Church, dealt with in 577, 2089, 2129 (end), 2130 (end); from the meaning of 'princes' as first and foremost features, dealt with in 1482, 2089; and from the meaning of 'peoples' as those who are governed by truths, dealt with in 1259, 1260, and so those who belong to the spiritual Church, for they are said to be those with whom truths predominate. The fact that all numbers in the Word mean real things becomes quite clear from the number twelve which occurs so many times. Whenever that number is used in the Word it means all things. For example, the twelve tribes in the Old Testament and the twelve apostles in the New mean all things of faith, and so all things of the Church. Here 'twelve princes' accordingly means all the first and foremost features of that Church which are represented by just so many sons of Ishmael.

[2] That the number twelve means those things becomes clear from what has been introduced in the places mentioned above, as well as from the following in the Word: In John,

I heard the number of the sealed out of every tribe of Israel - twelve thousand sealed out of the tribe of Judah, twelve thousand sealed out of the tribe of Reuben, twelve thousand sealed out of the tribe of Gad, and so on. Revelation 7:4-6, and following verses.

Here 'twelve thousand sealed out of every tribe' means nothing else than that everyone who receives faith, that is, who receives the good that accompanies it, is saved. In the same book,

A woman encircled with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars. Revelation 12:1.

'A woman' stands for the Church, 252, 253, 'the sun' for celestial love, 'the moon' for spiritual love, 30-38, 1529, 1530, 2441, 2495. 'Twelve stars' stands for all things of faith - 'stars' being cognitions of good and truth, which are matters of faith, 2495, 2849.

[3] In the same book,

The holy city New Jerusalem, having twelve gates, and above the gates twelve angels, and names written which are those of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel. The wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb. He measured the city with the measuring rod, twelve thousand stadia. And he measured its wall, a hundred and forty-four cubits (twelve twelves), which is the measure of a man, that is, of an angel. The twelve gates were twelve pearls. Revelation 21:12, 14, 16-17, 21.

Here nothing else is meant by the holy city than the Lord's spiritual kingdom, and by the gates, wall, and foundations the things that constitute charity and faith, all of which things are meant by the frequently mentioned number twelve. The fact that neither the twelve tribes nor the twelve apostles are meant literally may be recognized by anyone. In the same book,

In the middle of its street, and of the river, on this side and on that, was the tree of life bearing twelve fruits, yielding its fruit each month. Revelation 22:2.

'Twelve fruits' means all things of charity.

[4] In Matthew,

Jesus said, Truly I say to you, that you who have followed Me, in the regeneration, when the Son of Man sits on His throne of glory, will sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. Matthew 19:28.

Here 'the apostles' is not used to mean the apostles, nor 'thrones' to mean thrones, nor 'tribes' tribes, but matters of faith in their entirety, see 2129. Furthermore when the twelve tribes are referred to in the Old Testament Word they mean all things of the Church. The same applies to the twelve stones set according to the names of the twelve tribes of Israel, in the Urim and Thummim, Exodus 28:21; to the twelve loaves of the presence that were laid out on the table, Leviticus 24:5-6; and so on with every other reference to twelve. Also the names themselves of the twelve sons of Jacob or Israel contain all things of faith, as will be seen in the Lord's Divine mercy in Chapters 29, 30 below.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.