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1 Samuel 4

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1 Y Samuel habló a todo Israel. Por aquel tiempo salió Israel a encontrar en batalla a los filisteos, y asentó campamento junto a Eben-ezer (la piedra de la ayuda ), y los filisteos asentaron el suyo en Afec.

2 Y los filisteos presentaron la batalla a Israel; y cuando la batalla se dio, Israel fue vencido delante de los filisteos, los cuales hirieron en la batalla por el campo como cuatro mil hombres.

3 Y cuando el pueblo volvió al campamento, los ancianos de Israel dijeron: ¿Por qué nos ha herido hoy el SEÑOR delante de los filisteos? Traigamos a nosotros de Silo el arca del pacto del SEÑOR, para que viniendo entre nosotros nos salve de la mano de nuestros enemigos.

4 Y envió el pueblo a Silo, y trajeron de allá el arca del pacto del SEÑOR de los ejércitos, que estaba asentado entre los querubines; y los dos hijos de Elí, Ofni y Finees, estaban allí con el arca del pacto de Dios.

5 Y aconteció que, cuando el arca del pacto del SEÑOR vino al campamento, todo Israel dio grita con tan gran júbilo, que la tierra tembló.

6 Y cuando los filisteos oyeron la voz del júbilo, dijeron: ¿Qué voz de gran júbilo es ésta en el campamento de los hebreos? Y supieron que el arca del SEÑOR había venido al campamento.

7 Y los filisteos tuvieron miedo, porque decían: Ha venido Dios al campamento. Y dijeron: ¡Ay de nosotros! que ayer ni anteayer no fue así.

8 ¡Ay de nosotros! ¿Quién nos librará de las manos de estos dioses fuertes? Estos son los dioses que hirieron a Egipto con toda plaga en el desierto.

9 Esforzaos, oh filisteos, y sed varones, para que no sirváis a los hebreos, como ellos os han servido a vosotros. Sed varones, y pelead.

10 Pelearon, pues , los filisteos, e Israel fue vencido, y huyeron cada cual a sus tiendas; y fue hecha muy grande mortandad, pues cayeron de Israel treinta mil hombres de a pie.

11 Y el arca de Dios fue tomada, y muertos los dos hijos de Elí, Ofni y Finees.

12 Y corriendo de la batalla un varón de Benjamín, vino aquel día a Silo, rotos sus vestidos y tierra sobre su cabeza;

13 y cuando llegó, he aquí Elí que estaba sentado sobre una silla atalayando junto al camino; porque su corazón estaba temblando por causa del arca de Dios. Y cuando aquel hombre llegó a la ciudad, a dar las nuevas, toda la ciudad gritó.

14 Y cuando Elí oyó el estruendo de la gritería, dijo: ¿Qué estruendo de alboroto es éste? Y aquel hombre vino aprisa, y dio las nuevas a Elí.

15 Era ya Elí de edad de noventa y ocho años, y sus ojos se habían oscurecido, de modo que no podía ver.

16 Dijo, pues , aquel varón a Elí: Yo vengo de la batalla, he huido hoy de la batalla. Y él le Dijo: ¿Qué ha acontecido, hijo mío?

17 Y el mensajero respondió, y dijo: Israel huyó delante de los filisteos, y también fue hecha gran mortandad en el pueblo; y también tus dos hijos, Ofni y Finees, son muertos, y el arca de Dios fue tomada.

18 Y aconteció que cuando él hizo mención del arca de Dios, Elí cayó hacia atrás de la silla junto al lugar de la puerta, y se le quebró la cerviz, y murió; porque era hombre viejo y pesado. Y había juzgado a Israel cuarenta años.

19 Y su nuera, la mujer de Finees, que estaba encinta, cercana al parto, oyendo el rumor que el arca de Dios era tomada, y muertos su suegro y su marido, se encorvó y dio a luz; porque sus dolores se habían ya derramado por ella.

20 Y al tiempo que se moría, le decían las que estaban junto a ella: No tengas temor, porque has dado a luz un hijo. Mas ella no respondió, ni paró atención.

21 Y llamó al niño Icabod, diciendo: ¡Traspasada es la gloria de Israel! (por el arca de Dios que fue tomada, y porque era muerto su suegro, y su marido.)

22 Dijo pues: Traspasada es la gloria de Israel; porque el arca de Dios fue tomada.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of 1 Samuel 4

Napsal(a) Garry Walsh

Although everyone in Israel knew that Samuel had been chosen as the Lord’s prophet, the Israelites still didn’t listen to his prophecy. As a result, there was a new battle between the army of Israel and the army of the Philistines. The Philistines won and about four thousand men of Israel died.

The Israelites were in great distress. They sent for the Ark of the Covenant, thinking that if they brought it from Shiloh to the battlefield, it would help bring the power of Jehovah into the battle, and help them win. The two sons of Eli the High Priest, Hophni and Phinehas, came along with the Ark. When the Ark reached the Israelite camp, the Israelites shouted with joy, and the Philistines became afraid. The Philistines knew that the Israelite God was surely with them, and they remembered His power from the plagues of Egypt. (See Exodus 7 and the following chapters.)

And yet, the Philistines were tough enemies. They didn’t want to be slaves to Israel, as Israel had been to them. They gathered their courage and defeated Israel in battle again, and even captured the Ark of the Covenant.

A messenger was sent to bring the bad news to Shiloh, where Eli was. Hophni and Phinehas were dead, and the Ark was in enemy hands. When he heard the news, the elderly Eli fell backwards from his seat and died. Phinehas' wife was pregnant, and when she heard the news of her husband’s death it crushed her spirit, and she died shortly after delivering a son that she named Ichabod. So just as the Lord had told Samuel, the priestly role was taken from Eli’s family.

Why was the Ark of the Covenant important? It contained two stone tablets, on which were written the Ten Commandments. These were written by the finger of God, and given to Moses on Mount Sinai. The Commandments represented the covenant between the Lord and people. They would be joined together through love and faith: God’s love for His people, and their love for Him. Love, faith in God and obedience to His message would forever bind them. The covenant is only fulfilled when people, individually and collectively, do what is written on those two tablets. (See True Christianity 285.)

In this story, the Israelites lost the Ark of the Covenant with the Ten Commandments. This symbolizes how we can lose our covenant with the Lord, our Creator. We are free to keep our covenant with the Lord and follow His laws, or to break it. This story shows us how breaking the covenant can be really destructive.

God, however, will never give up on us, and is always ready to come into our lives if we accept Him. In True Christianity 285, Swedenborg writes that God is always ready to keep His commandment with us, but we must use our free will to keep our commandment with Him. This is illustrated in a quote from Revelation 3:20: “Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and dine with him, and he with me.”

While this story is an example of a covenant with God described in the Old Testament of the Word, this relationship between God and His people (and, of course, with each one of us individually) is a theme throughout all of the Bible. The New Testament describes a new covenant that the Lord seeks to build with each of us.

In Swedenborg’s Writings we learn that the Philistines, whom the Israelites were battling, represent faith without charity. Both faith and charity are necessary to follow the Lord, and knowledge of what is right and true is not useful unless we apply it to our lives. If we don't apply it, this knowledge becomes sort of abstract, something that we remember but that isn't an ongoing part of our life. (See Arcana Coelestia 1197.)

Since Philistines represent knowledge without charity, perhaps this story is telling us that in order to keep our covenant with God, it is not enough to know what is required of us, what is written on the tables of stone. We must also act accordingly. When we both understand the commandments and practice them, then we are able to keep our covenant with God.

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Exodus 7

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1 Yahweh said to Moses, "Behold, I have made you as God to Pharaoh; and Aaron your brother shall be your prophet.

2 You shall speak all that I command you; and Aaron your brother shall speak to Pharaoh, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.

3 I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.

4 But Pharaoh will not listen to you, and I will lay my hand on Egypt, and bring forth my armies, my people the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt by great judgments.

5 The Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh, when I stretch forth my hand on Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them."

6 Moses and Aaron did so. As Yahweh commanded them, so they did.

7 Moses was eighty years old, and Aaron eighty-three years old, when they spoke to Pharaoh.

8 Yahweh spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying,

9 "When Pharaoh speaks to you, saying, 'Perform a miracle!' then you shall tell Aaron, 'Take your rod, and cast it down before Pharaoh, that it become a serpent.'"

10 Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh, and they did so, as Yahweh had commanded: and Aaron cast down his rod before Pharaoh and before his servants, and it became a serpent.

11 Then Pharaoh also called for the wise men and the sorcerers. They also, the magicians of Egypt, did the same thing with their enchantments.

12 For they each cast down their rods, and they became serpents: but Aaron's rod swallowed up their rods.

13 Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he didn't listen to them; as Yahweh had spoken.

14 Yahweh said to Moses, "Pharaoh's heart is stubborn. He refuses to let the people go.

15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning. Behold, he goes out to the water; and you shall stand by the river's bank to meet him; and the rod which was turned to a serpent you shall take in your hand.

16 You shall tell him, 'Yahweh, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to you, saying, "Let my people go, that they may serve me in the wilderness:" and behold, until now you haven't listened.

17 Thus says Yahweh, "In this you shall know that I am Yahweh. Behold, I will strike with the rod that is in my hand on the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood.

18 The fish that are in the river shall die, and the river shall become foul; and the Egyptians shall loathe to drink water from the river."'"

19 Yahweh said to Moses, "Tell Aaron, 'Take your rod, and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, over their streams, and over their pools, and over all their ponds of water, that they may become blood; and there shall be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood and in vessels of stone.'"

20 Moses and Aaron did so, as Yahweh commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and struck the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.

21 The fish that were in the river died; and the river became foul, and the Egyptians couldn't drink water from the river; and the blood was throughout all the land of Egypt.

22 The magicians of Egypt did the same thing with their enchantments; and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he didn't listen to them; as Yahweh had spoken.

23 Pharaoh turned and went into his house, neither did he lay even this to heart.

24 All the Egyptians dug around the river for water to drink; for they couldn't drink of the water of the river.

25 Seven days were fulfilled, after Yahweh had struck the river.