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Esekiel 17

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1 Og Herrens ord kom til mig, og det lød så:

2 Menneskesønn! Fremsett en gåte for Israels hus og tal til dem i en lignelse

3 og si: Så sier Herren, Israels Gud: Den store ørn med de store vinger og de lange svingfjær, med full fjærham og brokete farver, kom til Libanon og tok bort toppen av sederen.

4 Den brøt av den øverste kvist og førte den til kjøbmannslandet og satte den i kremmerstaden*. / {* d.e. Babel; ESK 17, 12; 16, 27.}

5 Så tok den et skudd av landets vekster og satte det i en dyrket mark; den plantet det på et sted hvor det var meget vann; den satte det likesom et piletre.

6 Og det vokste op og blev til et vintre som bredte sig vidt ut, men var lavt av vekst, forat dets ranker skulde vende sig til den*, og dets røtter være under den. Og det blev til et vintre som satte grener og skjøt løvrike kvister. / {* d.e. til ørnen; ESK 17, 3.}

7 Men det var en annen stor ørn med store vinger og mange fjær, og se, vintreet bøide sine røtter bort imot den, og fra den seng hvori det var plantet, strakte det sine ranker bort til den, forat den skulde vanne det.

8 På en god mark, på et sted hvor det var meget vann, var det plantet, så det kunde skyte grener og bære frukt og bli et herlig vintre.

9 Si: Så sier Herren, Israels Gud: Skal det trives? Skal ikke dets røtter rykkes op og dets frukt rives av, så det tørker bort? Alle dets spirende blad skal tørke bort, og ikke med stor styrke og meget folk vil nogen kunne få det til å skyte op av sine røtter.

10 Se, det er plantet; skal det trives? Skal det ikke tørke bort, tørke aldeles bort, så snart østenvinden rører ved det? I den seng hvor det vokser, skal det tørke bort.

11 Og Herrens ord kom til mig, og det lød så:

12 Si til den gjenstridige ætt: Vet I ikke hvad dette er? Si: Se, Babels konge kom til Jerusalem og tok dets konge* og dets høvdinger og førte dem til sig i Babel. / {* Jojakin; 2KG 24, 10. 15. 2K 36, 9. 10.}

13 Og han tok en av kongeætten* og gjorde en pakt med ham og tok ham i ed, og de mektige i landet tok han med sig, / {* Sedekias; 2KG 24, 17. 2K 36, 10 fg.}

14 forat det skulde være et ringe kongerike og ikke ophøie sig, men holde pakten med ham og bli stående.

15 Men han falt fra ham og sendte sine bud til Egypten, forat de skulde gi ham hester og meget folk. Skal han ha fremgang? Skal den som gjør slikt, slippe unda? Skal han kunne bryte en pakt og slippe unda?

16 Så sant jeg lever, sier Herren, Israels Gud, på det sted hvor han bor den konge som gjorde ham til konge, men hvis ed han foraktet, og hvis pakt han brøt, hos ham, midt i Babel skal han visselig .

17 Og ikke skal Farao med en stor hær og meget folk komme ham til hjelp i krigen, når det kastes op en voll og bygges skanser for å utrydde mange liv.

18 Han foraktet eden og brøt pakten, enda han hadde gitt hånden på det. Alt dette har han gjort; han skal ikke slippe unda.

19 Derfor sier Herren, Israels Gud, så: Så sant jeg lever, eden som han svor ved mig, men allikevel foraktet, og pakten som han gjorde med mig, men allikevel brøt, den vil jeg visselig la komme over hans hode.

20 Jeg vil utspenne mitt garn over ham, og han skal fanges i mitt nett, og jeg vil føre ham til Babel og gå i rette med ham der, for den troløshet som han har vist mot mig.

21 Og alle flyktninger fra alle hans krigsskarer skal falle for sverdet, og de som blir igjen, skal spredes for alle vinder, og I skal kjenne at jeg, Herren, har talt.

22 sier Herren, Israels Gud: Da vil jeg ta en kvist av den høie seders topp og sette; av dens øverste kvister vil jeg bryte av et spett skudd, og jeg vil sette det på et høit, høit fjell.

23 Israels høie fjell vil jeg plante det, og det skal skyte grener og bære frukt og bli til en herlig seder, og alle slags fugler, alt som har vinger, skal bo under det; i skyggen av dets grener skal de bo.

24 Og alle markens trær skal kjenne at jeg, Herren, har gjort et høit tre lavt og et lavt tre høit, et friskt tre tørt og et tørt tre grønt; jeg, Herren, har sagt det, og jeg skal gjøre det.

   

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Horse

  
white horse

In Ezekiel 26:11, this signifies the love of learning or intellectual things. (Arcana Coelestia 3727)

In Revelation 6:2, this signifies the love of understanding the Word. (Apocalypse Revealed 298)

In Zechariah 12:4, this signifies that the intellectual should be filled with falsities. (Arcana Coelestia 2383[2])

In general, 'a horse' signifies knowledge or understanding of the Word. In an opposite sense it signifies the understanding of the Word falsified by reasonings, and likewise destroyed from self-derived intelligence. 'A dead horse' signifies no understanding of truth from the Word.

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Apocalypse Revealed # 298

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298. And I looked, and behold, a white horse. (6:2) This symbolizes an understanding of truth and goodness from the Word among those people.

A horse symbolizes an understanding of the Word, and a white horse an understanding of truth from the Word. For the color white is predicated of truths (no. 167).

That a horse symbolizes an understanding of the Word is something we showed in a separate short work titled The White Horse. But because we cited only some passages there, we will present more here by way of confirmation. The reality of it is clearly apparent from the fact that horses were seen to go forth from the book which the Lamb opened, and that the living creatures said, "Come and see." For the living creatures symbolize the Word (nos. 239, 275, 286). So, too, does the book (no. 256). And the Son of Man, who here is the Lamb, is the Lord in relation to the Word (no. 44).

It is apparent from this, first, that nothing else is meant here by the horse than an understanding of the Word. This can be still more clearly seen from this later description in the book of Revelation:

I saw heaven opened, when behold, a white horse. And He who sat on him was called... The Word of God... And He has on His garment and on His thigh a name written: KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS... And His armies in heaven... followed Him on white horses. (Revelation 19:11, 13-14, 16)

[2] That a horse symbolizes an understanding of the Word can be further seen from the following passages:

O Jehovah..., is Your wrath against the sea, that You ride on Your horses, Your chariots of salvation? ...You trampled the sea with your horses, the mud of many waters. (Habakkuk 3:8, 15)

The hooves of Jehovah's horses are regarded as rocks... (Isaiah 5:28)

On that day... I will strike every horse with stupor, and its rider with madness...; and I will strike every horse of the peoples with blindness. (Zechariah 12:4)

On that day shall there be upon the bells of the horses, "Holiness to Jehovah." (Zechariah 14:20)

Because God has made her forget wisdom, and did not impart to her understanding. When she lifts herself on high, she scorns the horse and its rider. (Job 39:17-18, and following verses)

I will cut off... the horse from Jerusalem... Rather He shall speak peace to the nations. (Zechariah 9:10)

At Your rebuke, (O Jehovah,) both the chariot and horse fell asleep. (Psalms 76:6)

I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms... and I will overthrow the chariots and those who ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down... (Haggai 2:22)

With you I will disperse... kingdoms; with you I will disperse the horse and its rider. (Jeremiah 51:20-21)

Assemble yourselves... from round about to My sacrifice... You will be satisfied at My table with horses and riders... (Thus) I will set My glory among the nations. (Ezekiel 39:17, 20-21)

...gather together for the great supper of God, (and) you (will) eat... the flesh of horses and of those who sit on them... (Revelation 19:17-18)

Dan shall be... a viper by the path, that bites the horse's heels, so that its rider falls backward. I have waited for your salvation, O Jehovah! (Genesis 49:17-18)

Gird Your sword..., O Mighty One... Mount up..., ride upon the Word of truth... (Psalms 45:3-4)

Sing to God...; extol Him who rides on the clouds... (Psalms 68:4)

Behold, Jehovah is riding on a... cloud... (Isaiah 19:1)

Sing praises to the Lord..., to Him who rides on the heaven of the heaven of old...! (Psalms 68:32-33)

(God) rode upon a cherub... (Psalms 18:10)

Then you shall delight yourself in Jehovah; and I will cause you to ride on the heights of the earth... (Isaiah 58:14)

Jehovah alone led him... (And) He made him ride in the heights of the earth... (Deuteronomy 32:12-13)

I will make Ephraim ride. (Hosea 10:11)

Ephraim also symbolizes an understanding of the Word.

[3] Since Elijah and Elisha represented the Lord in relation to the Word, therefore they were called the chariot of Israel and his horsemen. Elisha said to Elijah,

"My father, my father, the chariot of Israel and its horsemen!" (2 Kings 2:12)

And Joash said to Elisha,

"O my father..., the chariot of Israel and its horsemen!" (2 Kings 13:14)

Jehovah opened the eyes of (Elisha's) servant, and he saw, and behold, the mountain was full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha. (2 Kings 6:17)

A chariot symbolizes doctrine from the Word, and a horseman one who is wise as a result of it.

The following have similar symbolic meanings: The four chariots coming from between the bronze mountains in Zechariah, and the four horses harnessed to them, which were red, black, white, and dappled, called also four spirits, and said to go out from their station before the Lord of all the earth (Zechariah 6:1-8, 15). Horses in these places symbolize an understanding of the Word, or an understanding of truth from the Word. So, too, in other places.

[4] This can be further seen from horses mentioned in an opposite sense, in which they symbolize an understanding of the Word or of truth falsified by reasonings, and also extinguished, and likewise a person's own intelligence, as in the following passages:

Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help, and rely on horses..., and do not look to the Holy One of Israel... Egypt is man and not God, and its horses are flesh and not spirit. (Isaiah 31:1, 3)

You shall... set a king over (Israel) whom Jehovah... chooses... Only let him not multiply horses for himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt to multiply horses. (Deuteronomy 17:15-16)

These statements are made because Egypt symbolizes knowledge and reasoning springing from a person's own intelligence, the result of which is a falsification of the Word's truth, which is the meaning of horses here.

Assyria shall not save us. We will not ride on a horse... (Hosea 14:3)

Some glory in chariots, and some in horses; but we will glory in the name of... our God. (Psalms 20:7)

A horse is a false means for safety. (Psalms 33:17)

(Jehovah) does not delight in the strength of the horse. (Psalms 147:10)

...thus says... the Holy One of Israel: ."..In... confidence shall be your strength." But... you said, "No..., ...we will flee on a horse...." And, "We will ride on a swift horse." (Isaiah 30:15-16)

...Jehovah... will make (Judah) as a glorious horse... ...the riders on horses shall be put to shame. (Zechariah 10:3, 5)

Woe to the bloody city! It is all full of lies... ...and the neighing horse, and the jolting chariot... The horseman causing to ascend... (Nahum 3:1-4)

...I will bring against Tyre... the king of Babylon..., with horses, with chariots, and with horsemen... Because of the abundance of his horses, their dust will cover you; your walls will shake at the noise of the horsemen... and the chariots... With the hooves of his horses he will trample all your streets. (Ezekiel 26:7-11)

Tyre symbolizes the church in respect to its concepts of truth, in this case these concepts falsified in it, which are the horses of Babylon. And so on in other places, as in Isaiah 5:28; Ezekiel 17:15; 23:6, 20; Habakkuk 1:6, 8-10; Psalms 66:12.

An understanding of the Word extinguished is symbolized also by the horses, fiery red, black and pale, in the verses that now follow.

To be shown that a horse symbolizes an understanding of truth from the Word owing to appearances in the spiritual world, see my small book titled The White Horse.

  
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Many thanks to the General Church of the New Jerusalem, and to Rev. N.B. Rogers, translator, for the permission to use this translation.