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2 Mosebok 16

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1 Så brøt de op fra Elim, og den femtende dag i den annen måned efterat de hadde draget ut av Egyptens land, kom hele Israels barns menighet til ørkenen Sin, som ligger mellem Elim og Sinai.

2 Og hele Israels barns menighet knurret mot Moses og Aron i ørkenen.

3 Og Israels barn sa til dem: Å, om vi var død for Herrens hånd i Egyptens land da vi satt ved kjøttgrytene, og da vi åt brød til vi blev mette! For I har ført oss hit ut i ørkenen for å la hele denne store folkeskare av hunger.

4 Da sa Herren til Moses: Se, jeg vil la regne ned brød fra himmelen til eder, og folket skal ut og sanke for hver dag det de trenger; således vil jeg prøve dem, om de vil følge min lov eller ikke.

5 Og på den sjette dag skal de lage til det som de har hatt med hjem, og det skal være dobbelt så meget som det de ellers sanker for hver dag.

6 Og Moses og Aron sa til alle Israels barn: Iaften skal I kjenne at det er Herren som har ført eder ut av Egyptens land,

7 og imorgen skal I få se Herrens herlighet, fordi han har hørt hvorledes I knurrer mot ham; for hvad er vi, at I knurrer mot oss?

8 sa Moses: I skal få se det når Herren iaften gir eder kjøtt å ete og imorgen brød, så I blir mette; for Herren har hørt hvorledes I knurrer og murrer mot ham; for hvad er vel vi? Det er ikke mot oss I knurrer, men mot Herren.

9 Og Moses sa til Aron: Si til hele Israels barns menighet: Kom frem for Herrens åsyn; for han har hørt hvorledes I knurrer.

10 Da så Aron talte til hele Israels barns menighet, vendte de sig mot ørkenen, og se, Herrens herlighet åpenbarte sig i skyen.

11 Og Herren talte til Moses og sa:

12 Jeg har hørt hvorledes Israels barn knurrer; tal til dem og si: Imellem de to aftenstunder* skal I få kjøtt å ete, og imorgen skal I mettes med brød, og I skal kjenne at jeg er Herren eders Gud. / {* se 2MO 12, 6.}

13 Da det nu blev aften, kom det vaktler og dekket leiren, og om morgenen var det et lag av dugg rundt omkring leiren.

14 Og da duggen gikk bort, se, da lå det utover ørkenen noget fint, kornet, fint som rim på jorden.

15 Da Israels barn så det, sa de til hverandre: Hvad er det? for de visste ikke hvad det var. Da sa Moses til dem: Det er det brød Herren har gitt eder å ete.

16 Således har Herren befalt: Sank av det efter som enhver trenger, en omer til manns efter tallet på eders husfolk; enhver skal ta for dem som er i hans telt.

17 Og Israels barn gjorde således, og de sanket, den ene meget, den andre lite.

18 Og da de målte det med omeren, hadde den som hadde sanket meget, intet tilovers, og den som hadde sanket lite, fattedes intet; enhver hadde sanket efter som han trengte.

19 Og Moses sa til dem: Ingen skal levne noget av det til om morgenen.

20 Men de lød ikke Moses, for nogen levnet noget av det til om morgenen; da vokste det makk i det, og det luktet ille. Og Moses blev vred på dem.

21 Siden sanket de det hver morgen efter som enhver trengte; men når solen brente hett, smeltet det.

22 På den sjette dag sanket de dobbelt så meget brød, to omer for hver; og alle menighetens høvdinger kom og meldte det til Moses.

23 Da sa han til dem: Det er det Herren har sagt. Imorgen er det sabbat, hellig sabbat for Herren; bak nu det I vil bake, og kok det I vil koke, men alt det som blir tilovers, skal I legge til side og gjemme til imorgen!

24 Så lot de det ligge til om morgenen, således som Moses hadde befalt; og det luktet ikke, heller ikke var det makk i det.

25 Da sa Moses: Et det idag. For idag er det sabbat for Herren; idag finner I ikke noget på marken.

26 I seks dager skal I sanke det; men på den syvende dag er det sabbat, da skal det ikke være å finne.

27 Allikevel gikk nogen av folket ut den syvende dag for å sanke; men de fant intet.

28 Da sa Herren til Moses: Hvor lenge vil I være gjenstridige og ikke holde mine bud og mine lover?

29 Kom i hu at Herren har gitt eder sabbaten; derfor gir han eder på den sjette dag brød for to dager; bli hjemme enhver hos sig, ingen gå hjemmefra på den syvende dag!

30 Så hvilte folket på den syvende dag.

31 Og israelittene kalte det manna*; det lignet korianderfrø, det var hvitt, og det smakte som honningkake. / {* hebr. man, d.e. hvad er det?.}

32 Og Moses sa: Således har Herren befalt: Fyll en omer av det og gjem det for eders efterkommere, så de kan se det brød jeg gav eder å ete i ørkenen da jeg førte eder ut av Egyptens land.

33 sa Moses til Aron: Ta en krukke og legg i den en full omer manna, og sett den ned for Herrens åsyn til å gjemmes for eders efterkommere!

34 Som Herren hadde befalt Moses, således satte Aron den ned foran vidnesbyrdet* til å gjemmes. / {* lovens tavler.}

35 Og Israels barn åt manna i firti år, inntil de kom til bygget land; de åt manna helt til de kom til grensen av Kana'ans land.

36 En omer er tiendedelen av en efa.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 146

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146. To him that overcometh, to him will I give to eat of the hidden manna, signifies that those who conquer in temptations will have the delight of heavenly love from the Lord's Divine Human. This is evident from the signification of "overcoming," as being those who conquer in temptations (for it is these that are treated of in what is written to the angel of this church, see above, n. 130; from the signification of "giving to eat," as being to be appropriated and to be conjoined by love and charity (See Arcana Coelestia 2187, 2343, 3168, 3513, 5643) and as it is said "of the hidden manna," which means the Lord in respect to His Divine Human, the "eating" of this here signifies the delight of heavenly love, for this is appropriated by the Lord's Divine Human to those who receive Him in love and faith; also from the signification of the "hidden manna," as being the Lord in respect to His Divine Human. That this is "manna" is manifest from the Lord's own words in John:

Our fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, as it is written, He gave them bread out of heaven to eat. The bread of God is He who cometh down out of heaven, and giveth life unto the world. I am the bread of life. Your fathers did eat the manna in the wilderness, and they are dead. This is the bread which cometh down out of heaven, that a man may eat thereof and not die. I am the living bread which came down out of heaven; if any man eat of this bread he shall live forever. The bread that I will give is My flesh (John 6:31-58).

That it is the Lord Himself who is meant by "manna" and by "bread," He plainly teaches, for He says, "I am the bread of life which came down out of heaven." That it is the Lord in respect to the Divine Human, He also teaches when He says, "The bread that I will give is My flesh."

[2] The Lord taught the same when He instituted the Holy Supper:

Jesus took bread and blessed it, and gave to the disciples, and said, Take, eat, this is My body (Matthew 26:26; Mark 14:22; Luke 22:19).

"To eat of this bread" is to be conjoined to the Lord by love, for "to eat" signifies to be appropriated and to be conjoined (as above), and love is spiritual conjunction. The same is signified by "eating in the kingdom of God," in Luke:

Blessed is he that eateth bread in the kingdom of God (Luke 14:15).

Ye shall eat and drink at My table in My kingdom (Luke 22:30).

In Matthew:

Many shall come from the east and the west, and shall recline to eat with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of God (Matthew 8:11).

(That by "Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob," the Lord is meant, see Arcana Coelestia 1893, 4615, 6098, 6185, 6276, 6804, 6847) In John:

Work not for the food which perisheth; but for the food which abideth, which the Son of man shall give unto you (John 6:27).

That the "Son of man" is the Lord in respect to the Divine Human, see above, n. 63.

[3] It is called "hidden manna," because the delight of heavenly love, which those receive who are conjoined to the Lord through love, is wholly unknown to those that are in a love not heavenly; and this delight no one is able to receive except he that acknowledges the Lord's Divine Human; for from this the delight proceeds. Because this delight was unknown to the children of Israel in the wilderness, they called it "manna," as appears in Moses:

Jehovah said unto Moses, Behold, I will cause bread to rain from heaven itself for you. And in the morning the dew lay round about the camp. And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness a small round thing; and when they saw it, they said, This is manna? (what is this)? Moses said unto them, this is the bread which Jehovah giveth you to eat. And the house of Israel called the name thereof manna (Exodus 16:3-36).

In the same:

Jehovah fed thee with manna which thou knewest not, neither did thy fathers know; that He might make thee know that man doth not live by bread only, but by all that is uttered by the mouth of Jehovah doth man live (Deuteronomy 8:3).

This delight, which is meant by "manna," was unknown to the sons of Israel, because they were in corporeal delight more than other nations, and those who are in that delight are altogether incapable of knowing anything of heavenly delight. (That the sons of Israel were such, see The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem 248.) The term "delight" is used, and the delight of love is meant, for every delight of life is of love.

[4] As it is the delight of heavenly love that is signified by "eating of the hidden manna," therefore it is called "the bread of the heavens" in David:

Jehovah commanded the skies from above, and opened the doors of the heavens; and He rained down upon them manna for food, and gave them corn of the heavens (Psalms 78:23, 24).

In another place:

Jehovah satisfied them with the bread of the heavens (Psalms 105:40).

It is called the "bread of the heavens," because it rained down from heaven with the dew, but in the spiritual sense it is called the "bread of the heavens" because it flows down from the Lord through the angelic heaven. In that case no other heaven is meant, and no other bread than that which nourishes the soul of man. That it is in this sense that "bread" is to be understood here is evident from the words of the Lord Himself in John:

That He is the manna, or bread, that came down out of heaven (John 6:31-58).

And in Moses:

That Jehovah fed them with manna, that He might make them to know that man doth not live by bread only, but by all that is uttered by the mouth of Jehovah (Deuteronomy 8:3).

"What is uttered by the mouth of Jehovah" is everything that proceeds from the Lord, and this, in a special sense, is Divine truth united with Divine good (See the work on Heaven and Hell 13, 133, 139, 140, 284-290).

[5] This delight is also described by the correspondences in Moses:

The manna appeared like coriander seed, white, and the taste of it was like cakes made with honey (Exodus 16:31).

And in another place in the same:

They made cakes of it; and the taste of it was as the taste of the juice of oil (Numbers 11:7, 8).

The appearance and taste of the manna was such because "coriander seed, white," signifies truth from a heavenly origin; "cake," the good of heavenly love; "honey" its external delight; "oil" that love itself; and its "juice," from which was the taste, its internal delight: and the "rain with dew," in which the manna was, the influx of Divine truth in which that delight is. (That "seed" signifies truth from a heavenly origin, seeArcana Coelestia 3038, 3373, 10248, 10249; that "white" is predicated of that truth, n. 3301, 3993, 4007, 5319; that "cake" signifies the good of heavenly love, n. 7978, 9992, 9993; that "oil" signifies that love itself, n. 886, 3728, 9780, 9954, 10261, 10269; its "juice," therefore, signifies the delight of that love, because the taste is therefrom, and the taste is the delight and pleasantness, see n. 3502, 4791-4805. But more about these matters may be seen in the explanation of chapter 16 of Exodus in The Arcana Coelestia.)

[6] The delight of heavenly love is signified by "eating of the hidden manna," when yet by "the hidden manna" the Lord in respect to the Divine Human is signified, because it is the same whether you say the Lord's Divine Human, or the Divine Love, for the Lord is Divine Love itself, and what proceeds from Him is Divine good united to Divine truth; both are of love, and are also the Lord in heaven; consequently "to eat of Him" is to be conjoined to Him, and this by love from Him. (But these things may be better understood from what is said and shown in the work on Heaven and Hell 13-19, 116-125, 126-140; also in The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem 210-222, 307)

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 9993

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9993. 'And unleavened cakes mixed with oil' means purification of the mid-celestial. This is clear from the meaning of 'cakes' as the mid-celestial, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'oil' as the good of love, dealt with in 886, 4582, 4638. From this it is evident that 'cakes mixed with oil' means the celestial that springs directly from the inmost part, for 'oil' is the good of love, which is inmost. The situation is that the heavens are divided into two kingdoms, one of which is called spiritual, the other celestial. The understanding part of the human mind corresponds to the spiritual kingdom in the heavens and the will part of it to the celestial kingdom there, 9835. In each kingdom there is an internal part and an external, as there is also in the human understanding and will. For the human understanding has an internal part and an external, and so does the human will. The internal part of the understanding forms the spiritual life of the internal man, and the external part of the understanding forms the spiritual life of the external man. But the internal part of the will forms the celestial life of the internal man, while the external part of the will forms the celestial life of the external man. The existence in the human mind of an internal part and an external may be recognized by anyone who stops to reflect. It may be recognized in particular in hypocrites, cheats, crafty types, and villains. What all these think deep within themselves is contrary to the truths of faith, and also what they will is the opposite of the good deeds of heavenly love; but on the surface their thought and will are in line with those truths and good deeds, which they also consequently declare and perform for all the world to see.

[2] In addition it should be recognized that each kingdom in the heavens, the spiritual kingdom and the celestial, has three parts; each has an inmost part, a middle, and an outward, see 9873. The inmost part of the celestial kingdom consists in the good of love to the Lord; the middle part there consists in the good of mutual love, which is good emanating from that of love to the Lord; and the outward part consists in delight emanating from the good of mutual love. The first two reside in the internal man of inhabitants of the Lord's celestial kingdom, whereas the third resides in their external man. These three were represented by unleavened bread, unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil; and purification of them is represented by the offering of the three on the altar together with a burnt offering or else a sacrifice. The fact that those kinds of good in their proper order are meant can be recognized solely from the consideration that these three types of cereal offering were commanded and also their preparation described in the Books of Moses. This would never at all have been done if those things had not embodied arcana of heaven and the Church. What other use could such things have had?

[3] But I realize that those arcana are intelligible to scarcely anyone at the present day, because what is worldly permeates everything that people understand and will at the present day, and those who think of heaven and wish to be there do not have, and do not wish to have any other notion of it apart from a natural and earthly one. And where that kind of notion and wish exist, thus where that kind of love is present, there is no room for the mysteries of heaven. It would be altogether different if the human mind delighted in heavenly more than in worldly things. For the things which a person delights in are the ones he finds intelligible, as for instance when he delights in the intricacies of countries' public affairs, or in the intricacies of people's moral attitudes. By moral attitudes is meant what constitutes their loves and affections, and consequently their thoughts. Such are easily discovered by a crafty person, because he takes delight in leading others by means of those he discovers, to the end that he may acquire important positions or monetary gain, or earn reputation on account of these.

[4] That which is celestial in the internal man is meant by 'cakes', the reason being that they are second in order; for first in order is the unleavened bread, second the cakes mixed with oil, and third the wafers anointed with oil. These three were called minchahs, and they were offered on the altar along with burnt offerings and sacrifices. How they were to be made is described in Leviticus 2, and how they were to be offered is described in various places, how for example they were to be offered by Aaron on the day of his anointing in Leviticus 6:20-23.

[5] The term 'cakes' is also used in the Word to mean the good of love in general. So it is that the loaves of the Presence or the showbread are called 'cakes' in Moses,

You shall take fine flour and bake it into twelve cakes, two-tenths [of an ephah] shall there be in one cake. And you shall place them on the table before Jehovah. And you shall put pure frankincense on each row. Leviticus 24:5-9.

'Pure frankincense' that was put on the cakes was a sign of truth springing from celestial good, which is the lowest or outermost of the celestial kingdom.

[6] The good of love in general is again meant by 'cakes' in Jeremiah,

The sons gather pieces of wood, and the fathers kindle fire, the women knead dough to make cakes for Melecheth 1 of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings to other gods. Jeremiah 7:18; 44:19.

'Making cakes for Melecheth of heaven' means offering worship to the devil with the good of celestial love, and 'pouring out drink offerings to other gods' means offering worship to Satan with the truths of faith. For 'Melecheth of heaven' means those who are in the hell of genii, and 'other gods' those who are in the hell of evil spirits, about whom see 5977, 8593, 8622, 8625. Those in the hell of genii taken all together are called the devil, and those in the hell of evil spirits are called Satan.

[7] The good of spiritual love however is meant by 'cakes' in Hosea,

Ephraim has become a cake not turned. Hosea 7:8.

But here 'a cake' is expressed by a different word in the original language, which means the good of spiritual love. 'A cake not turned' is a situation in which the external man rules the internal. When this situation comes about in a person it is an inversion of order, for then the external is the master and the internal the servant. 'Ephraim' is the Church's power of understanding, which receives light and is stirred with affection when truths and forms of the good of faith are accepted, 3969, 5354, 6222, 6234, 6238, 6267.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. Melecheth is a Hebrew word for a queen.

  
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