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5 Mosebok 28

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1 Dersom du nu hører på Herrens, din Guds røst, så du akter vel på å holde alle hans bud, som jeg gir dig idag, da skal Herren din Gud heve dig høit over alle folkene på jorden.

2 Og alle disse velsignelser skal komme over dig og nå dig, så sant du hører på Herrens, din Guds røst:

3 Velsignet være du i byen, og Velsignet være du på marken!

4 Velsignet være ditt livs frukt og frukten av din jord og frukten av ditt fe, det som faller av ditt storfe, og det som fødes av ditt småfe!

5 Velsignet være din kurv og ditt deigtrau!

6 Velsignet være du i din inngang, og Velsignet være du i din utgang!

7 Herren skal la dine fiender, som reiser sig mot dig, ligge under for dig; på én vei skal de dra ut mot dig, og på syv veier skal de flykte for dig.

8 Herren skal byde velsignelsen å være hos dig i dine lader og å følge dig i alt det du tar dig fore, og han skal velsigne dig i det land Herren din Gud gir dig.

9 Herren skal gjøre dig til et hellig folk for sig, som han har tilsvoret dig, såfremt du tar vare på Herrens, din Guds bud og vandrer på hans veier.

10 Og alle folkene på jorden skal se at du er kalt med Herrens navn, og de skal reddes for dig.

11 Herren skal gi dig overflod på alt som godt er, både av ditt livs frukt og av frukten av ditt fe og av frukten av din jord i det land som Herren tilsvor dine fedre å ville gi dig.

12 Herren skal lukke op for dig sitt rike forrådshus, himmelen, og gi ditt land regn i rette tid og velsigne alt dine henders arbeid; og du skal låne til mange folk, men selv skal du ikke trenge til å låne av nogen.

13 Herren skal gjøre dig til hode og ikke til hale; og du skal alltid være ovenpå og aldri være under, såfremt du hører på Herrens, din Guds bud, som jeg idag byder dig å ta vare på og holde,

14 og såfremt du ikke viker av fra noget av de ord jeg legger frem for eder idag, hverken til høire eller til venstre, så du følger andre guder og dyrker dem.

15 Men dersom du ikke hører på Herrens, din Guds røst, så du akter vel på å holde alle hans bud og hans lover, som jeg gir dig idag, da skal alle disse forbannelser komme over dig og nå dig:

16 Forbannet være du i byen, og forbannet være du på marken!

17 Forbannet være din kurv og ditt deigtrau!

18 Forbannet være ditt livs frukt og din jords frukt, det som faller av ditt storfe, og det som fødes av ditt småfe!

19 Forbannet være du i din inngang, og forbannet være du i din utgang!

20 Herren skal sende forbannelse, forferdelse og trusel mot dig i alt det du rekker din hånd ut til og tar dig fore, inntil du blir ødelagt og hastig går til grunne for dine onde gjerningers skyld, fordi du forlot mig.

21 Herren skal la pesten henge fast ved dig til han har utryddet dig av det land du kommer inn i og skal ta i eie.

22 Herren skal slå dig med tærende syke og brennende sott, med feber og verk, med tørke og kornbrand og rust, og de skal forfølge dig til du går til grunne.

23 Himmelen over ditt hode skal være som kobber, og jorden under dig som jern.

24 Herren skal la støv og sand være det regn han gir ditt land; det skal komme ned over dig fra himmelen, til du blir ødelagt.

25 Herren skal la dig ligge under for dine fiender; på én vei skal du dra ut mot dem, og på syv veier skal du flykte for dem; og du skal bli mishandlet av alle riker på jorden.

26 Dine døde kropper skal bli til føde for alle himmelens fugler og for jordens dyr, og ingen skal jage dem bort.

27 Herren skal slå dig med Egyptens bylder, med svuller og med skabb og utslett, så du ikke skal kunne læges.

28 Herren skal slå dig med vanvidd og med blindhet og med sinnets forvirring.

29 Og du skal famle dig frem om middagen, som den blinde famler sig frem i mørket; du skal ingen lykke ha på dine veier, og det skal ikke times dig annet enn undertrykkelse og utplyndring alle dager, og det skal ikke være nogen som frelser.

30 Du skal trolove dig med en kvinne, og en annen mann skal ligge hos henne. Du skal bygge et hus og ikke bo i det; du skal plante en vingård og ikke ta den i bruk.

31 Din okse skal slaktes for dine øine, og du skal ikke ete av den; ditt asen skal røves så du ser på det, og ikke komme tilbake til dig; ditt småfe skal gis til dine fiender, og ingen skal hjelpe dig.

32 Dine sønner og dine døtre skal overgis til et fremmed folk, og dine øine skal se på det og vansmekte av lengsel efter dem hele dagen, og din hånd skal være avmektig.

33 Frukten av din jord og av alt ditt arbeid skal fortæres av et folk du ikke kjenner; og det skal ikke times dig annet enn vold og undertrykkelse alle dager.

34 Og du skal bli vanvittig av det syn som dine øine må se.

35 Herren skal slå dig med onde bylder på knær og legger, så du ikke skal kunne læges, fra fotsåle til isse.

36 Herren skal føre dig og din konge, som du setter over dig, bort til et folk som hverken du eller dine fedre har kjent, og der skal du dyrke andre guder, stokk og sten.

37 Og du skal bli til en redsel, til et ordsprog og til en spott blandt alle de folk Herren fører dig til.

38 Megen sæd skal du føre ut på marken, og lite skal du samle inn; for gresshoppen skal ete den av.

39 Vingårder skal du plante og dyrke, men vin skal du ikke drikke, og ikke kunne gjemme; for makk skal ete den op.

40 Oljetrær skal du ha i hele ditt land, men med olje skal du ikke salve dig; for ditt oljetre skal kaste karten av.

41 Sønner og døtre skal du få, men du skal ikke beholde dem, for de skal gå i fangenskap.

42 Alle dine trær og din jords frukt skal gresshoppen ta i eie.

43 Den fremmede som bor i ditt land, skal stige op over dig, høiere og høiere; men du skal synke dypere og dypere.

44 Han skal låne til dig, men du skal ikke kunne låne til ham; han skal være hode, og du skal være hale.

45 Alle disse forbannelser skal komme over dig og forfølge dig og nå dig, til du blir ødelagt, fordi du ikke hørte på Herrens, din Guds røst, og ikke tok vare på hans bud og hans lover, som han gav dig,

46 og de skal være til et tegn og et under som skal henge ved dig og din ætt til evig tid.

47 Fordi du ikke tjente Herren din Gud med glede og av hjertens lyst, endog du hadde overflod på alt,

48 så skal du tjene dine fiender, som Herren skal sende mot dig, i hunger og tørst og i nakenhet og i mangel på alt; og han skal legge et jernåk på din hals, til han har ødelagt dig.

49 Herren skal føre et folk over dig langt borte fra, fra jordens ende, et folk som kommer flyvende lik en ørn, et folk hvis tungemål du ikke forstår,

50 et folk med hårdt ansikt, som ikke akter den gamle og ikke har medynk med den unge.

51 Og det skal fortære frukten av ditt fe og frukten av din jord, til du blir ødelagt, fordi det ikke levner dig korn eller most eller olje, det som faller av ditt storfe, eller det som fødes av ditt småfe, inntil det har gjort ende på dig.

52 Det skal kringsette dig i alle dine byer, inntil dine høie og faste murer, som du setter din lit til, faller i hele ditt land, det som Herren din Gud har gitt dig.

53 Da skal du ete ditt livs frukt, kjøttet av dine sønner og dine døtre, som Herren din Gud gir dig; så stor er den trengsel og angst som din fiende skal føre over dig.

54 Den kjælneste og mest forfinede av dine menn skal se med onde øine på sin bror og på hustruen i sin favn og på de barn han ennu har tilbake,

55 og ikke unne nogen av dem det minste grand av sine barns kjøtt, som han eter, fordi intet annet blev levnet ham; så stor er den trengsel og angst som din fiende skal føre over dig i alle dine byer.

56 Den kjælneste og mest forfinede av dine kvinner, som aldri prøvde på å sette sin fot på jorden for bare finhet og kjælenskap, skal se med onde øine på mannen i sin favn og på sin sønn og sin datter

57 og ikke unne dem sin efterbyrd, som går fra henne, eller de barn hun får; for i mangel på alt skal hun fortære dem i lønndom; så stor er den trengsel og angst som din fiende skal føre over dig i dine byer.

58 Dersom du ikke gir akt på å holde alle ordene i denne lov, de som står skrevet i denne bok - dersom du ikke frykter dette herlige og forferdelige navn: Herren din Gud,

59 da skal Herren sende uhørte plager over dig og uhørte plager over din ætt, store og vedholdende plager og onde og vedholdende sykdommer.

60 Han skal la alle Egyptens sykdommer, som du gruer for, komme over dig, og de skal henge ved dig.

61 Og alle andre sykdornmer og alle andre plager, som der intet står skrevet om i denne lovens bok, skal Herren la komme over dig, til du er ødelagt.

62 Bare en liten flokk skal bli tilbake av eder, I som var så tallrike som himmelens stjerner, fordi du ikke hørte på Herrens, din Guds røst.

63 Og likesom Herren gledet sig ved å gjøre vel mot eder og gjøre eder tallrike, således skal Herren nu glede sig ved å forderve eder og ødelegge eder; og I skal rykkes op av det land du kommer inn i og skal ta i eie.

64 Herren skal sprede dig blandt alle folkene fra jordens ene ende til den andre, og der skal du dyrke andre guder, som hverken du eller dine fedre har kjent, stokk og sten.

65 Og blandt disse folk skal du aldri ha ro, og der skal ingen hvile være for din fot; Herren skal der gi dig et bevende hjerte og uttærede øine og en vansmektende sjel.

66 Ditt liv skal henge i et hår; du skal engstes natt og dag og aldri være sikker på ditt liv.

67 Om morgenen skal du si: Var det bare aften! og om aftenen skal du si: Var det bare morgen! - for den angst du kjenner i ditt hjerte, og for det syn du ser med dine øine.

68 Herren skal føre dig tilbake til Egypten på skiber, den vei som jeg sa dig at du aldri mere skulde få se; der skal I bli budt ut til dine fiender som træler og trælkvinner, men der er ingen som kjøper.

   

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The White Horse # 1

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1. CONCERNING THE WHITE HORSE as described in the Book of Revelation, Chapter 19.

In the writings of John, in the Book of Revelation, the following is a description of the Word in its spiritual sense, in other words the sense contained within it, or its 'inner meaning:'

I saw heaven standing open, and behold, a White Horse. And the one sitting on the White Horse was called faithful and true, judging and fighting in righteousness. His eyes were a flame of fire, and on His head were many jewels. He had a name inscribed that no one knew but He Himself. And He was dressed in a garment dyed with blood, and His name is called the Word of God. The armies that followed Him in heaven were on white horses, they themselves dressed in clean white linen. On His garment and on His thigh was written a name, King of Kings and Lord of Lords. Revelation 19:11-14, 16.

No one can have a clear idea of what each of the details in this description entails except by way of its 'inner meaning." It is obvious that each particular detail must represent or signify something, as follows:

Heaven which was standing open; a horse which was white; the one seated on it was called faithful and true, 1 judging and fighting in righteousness; His eyes a flame of fire; and many jewels 2 on His head; having a name inscribed that no one knew but He Himself; and dressed in a garment dyed with blood; and the armies that followed Him in heaven were on white horses, they themselves dressed in clean white linen; 3 on His garment and on His thigh He has written a name.

It is stated plainly that the one seated on the White Horse is the Word, and He is the Lord who is the Word, for what is said is that His name is called The Word of God; and then, He has written on His garment and on His thigh the title King of Kings and Lord of Lords.

From the interpretation of each individual phrase or statement it is clear that all this serves to describe the spiritual sense or internal meaning of the Word. The phrase heaven which was standing open' represents and signifies that the inner meaning of the Word is seen by those in heaven, and consequently also by those on earth for whom heaven stands open. 'A horse which was white' represents and signifies an understanding of the Word as regards its inner meanings. 4 That the 'white horse' means what I have said will be clear from what follows.

It is clear that 'the one seated on it' means the Lord in His capacity as the Word, and thus means the Word itself, for it is stated that 'His name is called the Word of God;' and he is called 'faithful' and 'judging in righteousness' because of His goodness; and 'true' and 'fighting in righteousness' because of His truth, for the Lord Himself is righteousness. 'His eyes a flame of fire' signify divine truth radiating from the divine good flowing from His divine love. The 'many jewels on His head' signify all the good and true properties of faith. Having a 'name written which no one knew other than He Himself' signifies that no one sees what is the nature of the Word in its inner meaning except Himself, and one to whom He reveals it.

Dressed in a garment dyed with blood' signifies the violence done to the Word in its literal meaning. 5 'The armies in heaven which followed Him on white horses' signifies those who understand the Word as regards its inner meanings.' 'Those dressed in clean white linen' signifies the same people who are endued with truth arising from what is good. 'On His garment and on His thigh a name written 6 ' signifies what is true and what is good and their specific qualities.

From all these verses, and from those which come before and after them, it is clear that they serve to foretell that the spiritual or internal sense of the Word will be laid open at around the final time of the Church; and what will happen at that time is also described there, Revelation 19:17-21. There is no need to show here the things which are signified by these words since they are individually shown in Arcana Caelestia. The Lord is the Word because He is the divine truth: 2533, 2803, 2894, 5272, 8535; 7 the Word is the divine truth: 4692, 5075, 9987; He is proclaimed to be sitting on a horse judging and fighting in righteousness because the Lord is righteousness. The Lord is proclaimed to be righteousness from the fact that by His own power He has saved the human race: 1813, 2025-2027, 9715, 9809, 10019, 10152. Righteousness is a merit belonging to the Lord alone: 9715, 9979. 'His eyes a flame of fire' signify divine truth radiating from the divine good flowing from His divine love, because 'eyes' signify the understanding and truth of faith: 2701, 4403-4421, 4523-4534, 6923, 9051, 10569; and 'a flame of fire' signifies the good of love: 934, 4906, 5215, 6314, 6832; the 'jewels on His head' 8 signify all the good and true properties of faith: 114, 3858, 6335, 6640, 9863, 9865, 9868, 9873, 9905.

Having a name written which no one knew other than He Himself' signifies that no one sees what is the nature of the Word in its inner meaning except Himself, and one to whom He reveals it, because a name signifies the nature of a thing: 144-145, 1754, 1896, 2009, 2724, 3006, 3237, 3421, 6674, 9310. 'Dressed in a garment dyed with blood' signifies the violence done to the Word in its literal meaning because a garment' signifies truth, which clothes what is good: 1073, 2576, 5248, 5319, 5954, 9212, 9216, 9952, 10536; especially truth in its outermost form, and thus the Word in its literal meaning: 5248, 6918, 9158, 9212; and because 'blood' signifies violence done to truth by what is false: 374, 1005, 4735, 5476, 9127. 'The armies in heaven which followed Him on white horses' signify those who understand the Word as regards its inner meanings because 'armies' signify those who are equipped with the truth and goodness of heaven and the Church: 3448, 7236, 7988, 8019; and the horse' signifies understanding: 3217, 5321, 6125, 6400, 6534, 7024, 8146, 8381; and 'white' means the truth which the light of heaven has within itself thus, the inner truth: 3301, 3993, 4007, 5319.

Those dressed in clean white linen' signify the same people who are endued with truth arising from what is good because 'linen' or 'a garment of linen' signifies truth from a heavenly sourcewhich is truth from what is good: 5319, 9469. 'On His garment and on His thigh a name written' signifies what is true and what is good, and their specific qualities, because 'a garment' signifies truth, and 'a name' signifies its nature, as above, and 'thigh' signifies the good properties of love: 3021, 4277, 4280, 9961, 10488. 'King of Kings and Lord of Lords' is the Lord as regards divine truth and divine good; the Lord is called King by virtue of His divine truth: 3009, 5068, 6148, and He is called Lord by virtue of His divine good: 4973, 9167, 9194.

From all this it is clear what the nature of the Word is in its spiritual or inner sense, and that there is no single word within it which does not have some spiritual meaning relating to heaven and the Church.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. The Revd John Elliott: "The [original Latin] text ought surely to read, as Arcana Coelestia 2760; 'quod fidelis et verus, et in justitia ...'" The translator has followed this conjecture.

2. In translating diademata as 'jewels,' rather than 'crowns,' I have noted the Revd John Elliott, who draws attention to John Chadwick's assertion (from his Lexicon to the Latin Texts of Swedenborg's Theological Writings), that there can be little doubt that Swedenborg understood jewel, not crown, by the Latin word diadema.

3. The Latin byssinus means 'a garment made form byssus' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). Byssus: cotton (Baxter and Johnsons Medieval Latin Word-List); cotton, or (according to some) a kind of flax, and the linen made from it (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary).

4. The Latin interiora (plural of interius, and comp. of intern um) means 'inward' or 'internal' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). It may also signify: 'more hidden,' 'secret' or 'unknown' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary).

5. I am grateful to the Rev'd. John Elliott for the suggestion of translating litera as 'in its literal meaning." I was in a fog as to Swedenborg's intention in using litera, which classically may mean either 'a letter' or 'writing."

6. The Latin interiora (plural of interius, and comp. of intern um) means 'inward' or 'internal' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). It may also signify: 'more hidden,' 'secret' or 'unknown' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary).

7. Throughout this translation I have used the reference numbers following the emendations made by the Revd John Elliott in De Equo Albo (2004).

8. In translating diademata as 'jewels,' rather than 'crowns,' I have noted the Rev'd. John Elliott, who draws attention to John Chadwick's assertion (from his Lexicon to the Latin Texts of Swedenborg's Theological Writings), that there can be little doubt that Swedenborg understood jewel not crown by the Latin word diadema.

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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 3448

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3448. 'And Ahuzzath his companion, and Phicol the commander of his army' means the first and foremost features of their doctrine of faith. This is clear from the representation of 'Abimelech' as the doctrine of faith which has regard to rational concepts. Consequently 'his companion and the commander of his army' means those first and foremost things, indeed the first and foremost things of their doctrine; for 'a commander' like a prince means things that are first and foremost, 1482, 2089, and 'an army' means matters of doctrine themselves. The reason why 'an army' means matters of doctrine which are expressions of truth, that is, which are lower truths, is that by 'warfare' in the Word and by 'war' are meant those things that have to do with spiritual war and warfare, 1664, 1788, 2686. The same are also meant by weapons - by spears, shields, bows, arrows, swords, and so on, as has been shown in various places. And since they are truths or matters of doctrine through which spiritual conflicts are fought, armies therefore mean those truths or matters of doctrine, and also in the contrary sense falsities or heretical ideas.

[2] It may be seen from many places that by 'armies' or 'hosts' in the Word are meant truths or falsities, as in Daniel,

The one [little] horn of the he-goat 1 grew exceedingly towards the south, and towards the east, and towards the glorious [land]. And it grew even towards the host of heaven, and cast down to earth some of the host, and of the stars, and trampled on them. It drew itself up even towards the pence of the host. His host was set over the continual [burnt offering] on account of the transgression, and it cast down truth to the earth. I heard a holy one speaking. He said, For how long is this vision, the continual burnt offering, and the desolating transgression, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden down? Daniel 8:9-13.

'The horn that grew towards the south, the east, and the glorious [land]' is the power of falsity that springs from evil, 2832, 'the host of heaven' truths, 'the prince of the host' the Lord as regards Divine Truth. And since in the good sense 'an army' or 'a host' is truth it is said that the horn cast down to earth some of the host, and then that it cast down truth to the earth.

[3] In the same prophet,

The king of the north will raise a multitude greater than the former, and at the end of the period of years he wit surely come with a great army and with many riches. Then he will stir up his power and his heart against the king of the south with a great army. And the king of the south will engage in war with an exceedingly great and mighty army, but he will not stand. For even those who eat his food will break him, and his army will overflow, and many will fall down slain. Daniel 11:13, 25-26.

The whole of that chapter refers to war between the king of the north and the king of the south. 'The king of the north' is used to mean falsities as also is 'his army', while 'the king of the south and his army' is used to mean truths. It is prophecy concerning the vastation of the Church.

[4] In John,

I saw heaven standing open, and behold, a white horse! and He who sat on it was called faithful and true. He was clothed in a garment dyed in blood, and His armies in heaven were following Him on white horses and were clothed in linen, white and clean. I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies gathered to make war with Him who was sitting on the horse and with His army. Revelation 19:11, 13-14, 19.

'He who sat on the white horse' stands for the Word of the Lord, or the Lord as regards the Word, 2760-2762. 'His armies which in heaven were following Him' stands for truths from the Word and so for those in heaven who possess truths. 'The beast' stands for the evils that belong to self-love, 'the kings of the earth and their armies' for falsities. Conflicts between falsity and truth are what are described here.

[5] In David,

By the word of Jehovah were the heavens made, and their host by the spirit of His mouth. Psalms 33:6.

'Their host' or the host of heaven stands for truths. Since 'an army' means truths, the children of the kingdom, and angels, by virtue of the truths which they possess, are called the host of heaven, as in Luke,

Suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God. Luke 2:13.

In David,

Bless Jehovah, all His hosts, His ministers doing His will. Psalms 103:21.

In the same author,

Praise Jehovah, all His angels, praise Him, all His hosts. Psalms 148:2.

In Isaiah,

Lift up your eyes on high and see; who created these? He who brings out their host by number; He calls them all by name. From the multitude of the powerful and of the mighty not a man will be missing. Isaiah 40:26.

In the same prophet,

It was I that made the earth and created man on it. It was I - My hands - that stretched out the heavens; and I commanded all their host. Isaiah 45:12.

Here 'the host of the heavens' stands for truths, and so for angels since angels, as has been stated, are in possession of truths.

[6] In the first Book of Kings,

I saw Jehovah sitting on His throne, and the entire host of heaven standing beside Him, on His right hand and on His left. 1 Kings 22:19

In Joel,

Jehovah gave voice before His army, for His camp is exceedingly great; for that which executes His word is uncountable. Joel 2:11.

In Zechariah,

I will pitch by My house a camp composed of an army passing through and resuming, so that the oppressor passes over them no more. Exult greatly, O daughter of Zion! Make a noise, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your King comes to you. Zechariah 9:8-9.

This refers to the Coming of the Lord. 'His army' stands for Divine truths For this reason, and also because the Lord alone fights on man's behalf against hells that are constantly endeavouring to attack, the Lord is called many times in the Word Jehovah Zebaoth, God Zebaoth, the Lord Zebaoth - that is, Jehovah, God, or Lord of Hosts - as in Isaiah,

The noise of a tumult of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! Jehovah Zebaoth is leading an army of war. Isaiah 13:4.

'The kingdoms of the nations' stands for falsities that spring from evils, 'leading an army of war' for fighting on man's behalf.

[7] Because the twelve tribes of Israel represented the Lord's heavenly kingdom, and 'tribes' as well as 'twelve' meant all things of faith in their entirety, that is, all the truths of the kingdom, 577, 2089, 2129, 2130, 3272, they were also called Jehovah's hosts, as in Exodus 7:4; 12:17, 41, 51. And commands were given to bring them out of Egypt according to their hosts, Exodus 6:26, to encamp according to their hosts, Numbers 1:52, and to divide them into hosts, Numbers 2:1- end.

[8] That truths are meant by 'armies' is also clear in Ezekiel,

Persia and Lud and Put were in your army, as your men of war; they hung the shield and helmet in you, they gave you your reputation. The sons of Arvad, and your army, were on your walls round about, and the Gammadim were in your towers. Ezekiel 27:10-11.

This refers to Tyre which means interior cognitions of good and truth, and so those who possess them, 1201, 'army' standing for truths themselves 'Lud' and 'Put' too mean those who possess cognitions, see 1163, 1164, 1166, 1195, 1231. 'The shield and helmet' describes such things as belong to spiritual conflict.

[9] As regards 'an army' or 'a host' in the contrary sense meaning falsities, this is evident in Isaiah,

It will be on that day, that Jehovah will visit the host of the height on high, and the kings of the earth on the earth. Isaiah 24:21.

Here 'the host of the height' stands for falsities that result from self-love. In Ezekiel,

I will bring you back and put hooks in your jaws, and I will bring you forth, and all your army, horses and horsemen, all of them clothed perfectly, a great company with shield and buckler, all of them wielding swords. You will come from your place, from the uttermost parts of the north, you and many peoples with you, all of them riding horses, a great company, a great army. Ezekiel 38:4, 15.

This refers to Gog, who means external worship separated from internal and so made idolatrous, 1151. 'His army' stands for falsities.

[10] In Jeremiah,

I will send against Babel the archer, him who arches his bow and draws himself up in his breastplate. Do not spare the young men; utterly destroy all its host. Jeremiah 51:2-3.

'Babel' stands for worship whose external features appear holy but whose interiors are profane, 1182, 1283, 1295, 1304, 1306-1308, 1321, 1322, 1326. 'Its host' means the falsities that go with such as these, and the army of Babel in other places has the same meaning as in Jeremiah 34:1, 21; 32:2; 39:1.

In Ezekiel,

Pharaoh will see them and will comfort himself over all his multitude, Pharaoh and all his army, slain by the sword; for I will put My terror in the land of the living. Ezekiel 32:31-32.

This refers to Egypt, which means those who by means of reasonings based on facts pervert truths, 1164, 1165. 'His army', that is, Pharaoh's, stands for derivative falsities, as also does 'Pharaoh's army' in other places, as in Jeremiah 37:5, 7, 11; 46:2; Ezekiel 17:17.

In Luke,

When you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then know that its devastation is near. Luke 21:20.

This refers to the close of the age or final period of the Church when faith does not exist any longer. 'Jerusalem' - which means the Church, see 2117 - is 'surrounded by armies' when beset by falsities.

[11] From these quotations it is clear that 'the hosts of heaven', which Jews and Israelite idolaters worshipped, in the internal sense meant falsities. The second Book of Kings says of them,

They forsook all the commandments of their God and made for themselves a molten image of two calves, and made a grove, and bowed down to all the host of heaven. 2 Kings 17:16.

This refers to the Israelites. And elsewhere it is said of Manasseh that he built altars for all the host of heaven, 2 Kings 21:5, and that King Josiah brought out of the temple all the vessels made for Baal, and for the grove, and for all the host of heaven, 2 Kings 23:4. And in Jeremiah it is said that they were to spread the bones of the princes, of the priests, and of the prophets before the sun, the moon, and all the host of heaven, which they had loved and had served and had gone after, Jeremiah 8:1-2. And elsewhere,

The houses of Jerusalem and the houses of the king of Judah will be defiled, like the place of Topheth - all the houses on whose roofs they have burned incense to all the host of heaven and have poured out drink offerings to other gods. Jeremiah 19:13.

And in Zephaniah,

I will stretch out My hand against those worshipping on their roofs the host of heaven. Zephaniah 1:5.

It is the stars to which the expression 'the host of heaven' refers primarily, and by 'the stars' is meant truths, and also in the contrary sense falsities; see 1128, 1808.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, The one horn of the he-goat of the she-goats i.e. the little horn that grew up out of one of four horns

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.