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여호수아기 8

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1 여호와께서 여호수아에게 이르시되 두려워 말라 ! 놀라지 말라 ! 군사를 다 거느리고 일어나 아이로 올라가라 보라, 내가 아이 왕과, 그 백성과, 그 성읍과, 그 땅을 다 네 손에 주었노니

2 너는 여리고와 그 왕에게 행한것 같이 아이와 그 왕에게 행하되오직 거기서 탈취할 물건과 가축은 스스로 취하라 너는 성 뒤에 복병할지니라

3 이에 여호수아가 일어나서 군사와 함께 아이로 올라가려 하여 용사 삼만명을 뽑아 밤에 보내며

4 그들에게 명하여 가로되 `너희는 성읍 뒤로 가서 성읍을 향하고 매복하되 그 성읍에 너무 멀리 하지말고 다 스스로 예비하라 !

5 나와 나를 좇는 모든 백성은 다 성읍으로 가까이 가리니 그들이 처음과 같이 우리에게로 쳐 올라올 것이라 그리할 때에 우리가 그들 앞에서 도망하면

6 그들이 나와서 우리를 따르며 스스로 이르기를 그들이 처음과 같이 우리 앞에서 도망한다 하고 우리의 유인을 받아 그 성읍에서 멀리 떠날 것이라 우리가 그 앞에서 도망하거든

7 너희는 매복한 곳에서 일어나서 그 성읍을 점령하라 너희 하나님여호와께서 너희 손에 붙이시리라

8 너희가 성읍을 취하거든 그것을 불살라 여호와의 말씀대로 행하라 보라, 내가 너희에게 명하였느니라' 하고

9 그들을 보내매 그들이 복병할 곳으로 가서 아이 서편 벧엘과 아이 사이에 매복하였고 여호수아는 그 밤에 백성 가운데서 잤더라

10 여호수아가 아침에 일찌기 일어나서 백성을 점고하고 이스라엘 장로들로 더불어 백성 앞서 아이로 올라가매

11 그를 좇은 군사가 다 올라가서 성읍 앞에 가까이 이르러 아이 북편에 진치니 그와 아이 사이에는 한 골짜기가 있었더라

12 그가 오천명 가량을 택하여 성읍 서편 벧엘과 아이 사이에 또 매복시키니

13 이와 같이 성읍 북편에는 온 군대가 있고 성읍 서편에는 복병이 있었더라 여호수아가 그 밤에 골짜기 가운데로 들어가니

14 아이 왕이 이를 보고 그 성읍 백성과 함께 일찌기 일어나서 급히 나가 아라바 앞에 이르러 정한 때에 이스라엘과 싸우려 하고 성읍 뒤에 복병이 있는 줄은 알지 못하였더라

15 여호수아와 온 이스라엘이 그들 앞에서 거짓 패하여 광야 길로 도망하매

16 그 성 모든 백성이 그들을 따르려고 모여서 여호수아를 따르며 유인함을 입어 성을 멀리 떠나니

17 아이와 벧엘에 이스라엘을 따라가지 아니한 자가 하나도 없으며 성문을 열어 놓고 이스라엘을 따랐더라

18 여호와께서 여호수아에게 이르시되 네 손에 잡은 단창을 들어 아이를 가리키라 ! 내가 이 성읍을 네 손에 주리라 여호수아가 그 손에 잡은 단창을 들어 성읍을 가리키니

19 그 손을 드는 순간에 복병이 그 처소에서 급히 일어나 성읍에 달려 들어가서 점령하고 곧 성읍에 불을 놓았더라

20 아이 사람이 뒤를 돌아본즉 그 성읍에 연기가 하늘에 닿은 것이 보이니 이 길로도 저 길로도 도망할 수 없이 되었고 광야로 도망하던 이스라엘 백성은 그 따르던 자에게로 돌이켰더라

21 여호수아와 온 이스라엘이 그 복병이 성읍을 점령함과 성읍에 연기가 오름을 보고 다시 돌이켜 아이 사람을 죽이고

22 복병도 성읍에서 나와 그들을 치매 그들이 이스라엘 중간에 든지라 혹은 이 편에서, 혹은 저 편에서 쳐 죽여서 한 사람도 남거나 도망하지 못하게 하였고

23 아이 왕을 사로잡아 여호수아 앞으로 끌어 왔더라

24 이스라엘이 자기를 광야로 따르던 아이 모든 거민을 들에서 죽이되 그들을 다 칼날에 엎드러지게 하여 진멸하기를 마치고 온 이스라엘이 아이로 돌아와서 칼날로 죽이매

25 그 날에 아이 사람의 전부가 죽었으니 남녀가 일만 이천이라

26 아이 거민을 진멸하기까지 여호수아가 단창을 잡아 든 손을 거두지 아니하였고

27 오직 그 성읍의 가축과 노략한 것은 여호와께서 여호수아에게 명하신 대로 이스라엘이 탈취하였더라

28 이에 여호수아가 아이를 불살라 그것으로 영원한 무더기를 만들었더니 오늘까지 황폐하였으며

29 그가 또 아이 왕을 저녁 때까지 나무에 달았다가 해 질 때에 명하여 그 시체를 나무에서 내려 그 성문 어귀에 던지고 그 위에 돌로 큰 무더기를 쌓았더니 그것이 오늘까지 있더라

30 때에 여호수아가 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와를 위하여 에발산에 한 단을 쌓았으니

31 이는 여호와의 종 모세가 이스라엘 자손에게 명한것과 모세의 율법책에 기록된 대로 철 연장으로 다듬지 아니한 새 돌로 만든 단이라 무리가 여호와께 번제와 화목제를 그 위에 드렸으며

32 여호수아가 거기서 모세의 기록한 율법을 이스라엘 자손의 목전에서 그 돌에 기록하매

33 온 이스라엘과 그 장로들과 유사들과 재판장들과 본토인 뿐 아니라 이방인까지 여호와의 언약궤를 멘 레위 사람 제사장들 앞에서 궤의 좌우에 서되 절반은 그리심산 앞에, 절반은 에발산 앞에 섰으니 이는 이왕에 여호와의 종 모세가 이스라엘 백성에게 축복하라고 명한 대로 함이라

34 그 후에 여호수아가 무릇 율법책에 기록된 대로 축복과 저주하는 율법의 모든 말씀을 낭독하였으니

35 모세의 명한 것은 여호수아가 이스라엘 온 회중과 여인과 아이와 그들 중에 동거하는 객들 앞에 낭독하지 아니한 말이 하나도 없었더라

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 8

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 8: The fall of Ai and the renewal of the covenant.

The events of this chapter - and their spiritual meaning for us - follow on from the previous chapter. After their first setback at Ai, the Children of Israel take the city of Ai by using a clever ruse. Joshua chose thirty thousand men for the battle. The plan was for five thousand of them to hide near the city, while he led the main army to attack the city. Then, Joshua and his forces would pretend to run away, pursued by the men of Ai. Those who had hidden were then to come out, go into the city, and set it on fire. The men of Ai would see this and run back, get ambushed, and be caught between Joshua’s two armies.

It all happened as planned, and Israel took Ai. (See Arcana Caelestia 1557). As with Jericho, everything in Ai was commanded to be destroyed, except that in this case the livestock and the city’s spoils were to be kept. The whole city was burned and its king was hanged on a tree until sunset and then his body was thrown down at the city entrance with a great heap of stones put over it.

The basic spiritual meaning of any battle in the Bible such as this, is to show how a heavenly principle can and will overcome a hellish or evil attack, especially for us, during some temptation - when we seek to resist and fight back.

Evil is only strong in illusion and fear-mongering; when the light of what is true shines on evil it gets shown for what it is. (Heaven and Hell 49)

The city’s name “Ai” means “a heap”. The word gets used several times in the text of the chapter. A heap implies rubble and rubbish. Cities sometimes look noble and well-planned; in Ai’s case it was the very opposite - a heap, a ruin. (Heaven and Hell 586[2])

While Jericho generally represents our wrong thinking, which first stands in the way of our regeneration and spiritual will, Ai represents our evil emotions and our selfish passions. Both of them must fall before we can make further progress.

Joshua chooses a large number to go against a relatively few in Ai, who nevertheless all rush out to fight Israel. “There was not a man left in Ai or Bethel who did not go out after Israel. Thus they left the city open.” (Joshua 8:17)

Joshua’s tactic of drawing out the men of Ai means our challenge to evil - by confronting it with the truths and commandments we know and obey. Joshua’s pretence of fleeing away draws Ai out in glee, interpreting the flight as a real retreat. Then everything turns, and Joshua’s men go forward representing the power of the truth, the Word and our persuasion of their effectiveness in winning. (Arcana Caelestia 6344[4])

Ai’s men see their city on fire, for other Israelites entered Ai and set it ablaze. This represents the self-condemnation of evil, of hell, when it is exposed to what is true, heavenly and of God. But Joshua’s men, lying in ambush and waiting for the moment, represent our keen observation of how our selfish desires work to cause havoc in us. They are 5,000. Symbolically, in the Bible, five or its multiples always stand for a small amount - but enough to use.

Hanging the king of Ai stands for our need to put down the controlling power of any evil which stirs us. And all Ai is destroyed, because all evil must be turned against and refused.

Then, and only then, Joshua remakes the covenant with the Lord God; he builds an altar, he writes a copy on stones of the Law of Moses in the presence of all Israel, the priests stand in two groups in front of two mountains, then Joshua reads the words of blessing and cursing and all the Law of Moses.

After we resist any evil and its temptation, we must re-hear and re-affirm the truth that this was the Lord’s victory, not ours, and re-dedicate ourselves to the life the Lord gives us. (True Christian Religion 13[2])

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 6344

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6344. 'And the beginning of my strength' means that through that faith comes the initial power which truth possesses. This is clear from the meaning of 'the beginning of strength' as initial power; and since 'strength' is used with reference to truth, the initial power that truth possesses is what is meant. A similar usage occurs in Isaiah,

Jehovah imparts might to the weary, and to him who has no strength He gives greater power. Isaiah 40:29.

Here 'might' is used with reference to good and 'strength' to truth, 'power' with reference to both.

A brief statement will be made about how one should understand the explanation that through faith comes the power which good possesses, and the initial power which truth possesses, meant by 'Reuben my firstborn, you are my might and the beginning of my strength'. In the spiritual world all power comes from good through truth; without good truth has no power at all. For truth is so to speak the body, and good so to speak the soul of that body, and to accomplish anything the soul must act through the body. From this it is evident that truth without good has no power at all, even as the body without the soul has none at all. A body without its soul is a corpse; so too is truth without good.

[2] As soon as good effects the birth of faith that is composed of truth, power reveals itself in truth. This power is what is called the initial power that truth possesses through faith and is what is meant by 'the beginning of strength', as in other places in the Word where the condition of the firstborn is referred to, for example in David,

He smote all the firstborn in Egypt, the beginning of strength in the tents of Ham. Psalms 78:51.

And in another place,

He smote all the firstborn in their land, the beginning of all their strength. Psalms 105:36.

Also in Deuteronomy,

He must acknowledge the firstborn son of her that is hated, to give him two parts of all that will be found for him, in that he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the first born is his. Deuteronomy 21:17.

[3] The genuine meaning of 'the firstborn' is the good of charity, though the apparent meaning is the truth of faith, 3325, 4925, 4926, 4928, 4930. And because both that good and this truth are the fundamental qualities of the Church, the ancients spoke of the firstborn as his 'father's might and the beginning of his strength'. The fact that those fundamental qualities were meant by 'the firstborn' is quite evident from the considerations that everything which was a firstborn was Jehovah's or the Lord's and that the tribe of Levi was taken instead of all the firstborn and became the priesthood.

[4] Scarcely anyone in the world can know what the power possessed by truth coming from good is; but it is known to those in the next life, and so can be known through revelation from there. People in possession of truth that comes from good, that is, of faith derived from charity, possess power that comes through truth from good. All angels possess that power, which also is why in the Word angels are called 'powers'. For they have the power to restrain evil spirits; even one angel can restrain a thousand together. Their power they use most especially among men; sometimes they protect a person from numerous hells, in thousands of ways.

[5] This power that angels possess comes to them through the truth of faith derived from the good of charity. But because the faith they have comes from the Lord, the Lord alone is the power that resides with them. This power which comes from the Lord through faith is meant by the Lord's words to Peter,

On this rock I will build My Church, and the gates of hell will not prevail against it. And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven. Matthew 16:18-19.

These words were addressed to Peter because he represented faith, see Preface to Genesis 22, as well as 3750, 4738, 6000, 6073 (end). Also wherever 'rock', 1 as Peter is called here, occurs in the Word, faith is meant in its internal sense, and the Lord in respect of faith in its highest sense.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. Reading petram (rock), which Swedenborg has in his rough draft, for Petrum (Peter).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.