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Ezechiele 31

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1 AVVENNE, eziandio, nell’anno undecimo, nel primo giorno del terzo mese, che la parola del Signore mi fu indirizzata, dicendo:

2 Figliuol d’uomo, di’ a Faraone, re di Egitto, ed alla sua moltitudine: A chi sei tu simile nella tua grandezza?

3 Ecco l’Assirio; egli era un cedro nel Libano, bello di frondi, ed ombroso di rami, e alto di tronco; e la sua cima era fra rami folti.

4 Le acque l’aveano fatto crescere, l’abisso l’avea fatto divenir alto; esso, co’ suoi fiumi, andava d’intorno alla sua pianta, e rimandava i suoi condotti a tutti gli alberi della campagna.

5 Perciò, la sua altezza si era elevata sopra tutti gli alberi della campagna, ed i suoi rami erano moltiplicati, e i suoi ramoscelli si erano allungati, per la copia delle acque, che l’aveano adacquato, mentre metteva.

6 Tutti gli uccelli del cielo si annidavano ne’ suoi rami, e tutte le bestie della campagna figliavano sotto a’ suoi ramoscelli; e tutte le gran nazioni dimoravano all’ombra sua.

7 Egli era adunque bello nella sua grandezza, nella lunghezza de’ suoi rami; perciocchè la sua radice era presso a grandi acque.

8 I cedri non gli facevano ombra nel giardin di Dio; gli abeti non eran simili pure a’ suoi rami; ed i platani non eran pur come i suoi ramoscelli; niun albero, nel giardino del Signore, lo pareggiava di bellezza.

9 Io l’avea fatto bello nella moltitudine de’ suoi rami; e tutti gli alberi di Eden, ch’erano nel giardino di Dio, l’invidiavano.

10 Perciò, così ha detto il Signore Iddio: Perciocchè tu ti sei elevato in altezza; e ch’esso ha messe le sue vette di mezzo i rami folti, che il suo cuor si è elevato nella sua altezza;

11 io l’ho dato in man del più forte delle nazioni, per far di lui ad ogni suo volere, e l’ho scacciato per la sua empietà.

12 E stranieri, i più fieri delle nazioni l’hanno tagliato, e l’han lasciato in abbandono; i suoi rami son caduti su per li monti, e per tutte le valli; ed i suoi ramoscelli sono stati rotti per tutte le pendici della terra; e tutti i popoli della terra sono scesi dall’ombra sua, e l’hanno lasciato.

13 Tutti gli uccelli del cielo albergano sopra le sue ruine, e tutte le fiere della campagna sono sopra i suoi ramoscelli;

14 acciocchè niun albero, innaffiato d’acque, non si elevi nella sua altezza, e non innalzi la sua cima d’infra i rami folti; e che le lor querce, anzi tutti gli alberi che bevono le acque, non si rizzino nella loro altezza; conciossiachè tutti quanti sieno dati alla morte, e sieno gettati nelle più basse parti della terra, per mezzo il comun degli uomini, con quelli che scendono nella fossa.

15 Così ha detto il Signore Iddio: Nel giorno ch’egli scese nell’inferno, io ne feci far cordoglio; io copersi l’abisso sopra lui, e ritenni i suoi fiumi, e le grandi acque furono arrestate; ed io feci imbrunire il Libano per lui, e tutti gli alberi della campagna si venner meno per lui.

16 Io scrollai le nazioni per lo suon della sua ruina, quando lo feci scender nell’inferno, con quelli che scendono nella fossa; e tutti gli alberi di Eden, la scelta, ed i più begli alberi del Libano, tutti quelli che erano abbeverati d’acqua, furono racconsolati nelle più basse parti della terra.

17 Anch’essi sono scesi con lui nell’inferno, a quelli che sono stati uccisi con la spada; il suo braccio eziandio, alla cui ombra dimoravano fra le genti, vi è sceso.

18 A cui, d ‘infra gli alberi di Eden, sei tu simile, in pari gloria e grandezza? ma pur sarai tratto giù con gli altri alberi di Eden, nelle più basse parti della terra; tu giacerai per mezzo gl’incirconcisi, con quelli che sono stati uccisi con la spada. Questo è Faraone, e tutta la sua moltitudine, dice il Signore Iddio.

   


To many Protestant and Evangelical Italians, the Bibles translated by Giovanni Diodati are an important part of their history. Diodati’s first Italian Bible edition was printed in 1607, and his second in 1641. He died in 1649. Throughout the 1800s two editions of Diodati’s text were printed by the British Foreign Bible Society. This is the more recent 1894 edition, translated by Claudiana.

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A Brief Exposition of New Church Doctrine # 78

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78. BRIEF ANALYSIS

In the prophetic parts of the Word, statements similar to the one in Matthew 24:29, occur concerning the sun, moon and stars. Thus it is written in Isaiah:

Behold the cruel day of Jehovah cometh . . . the stars of heaven and the constellations thereof shall not give their light; the sun shall be darkened at his rising and the moon shall not cause her light to shine. Isaiah 13:9-10.

In Ezekiel:

When I shall extinguish thee, I will cover the heavens and darken the stars thereof; I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not give her light; . . . and I will set darkness upon thy land.Ezekiel 32:7-8.

In Joel:

The day of Jehovah cometh, ... a day of darkness, . . . the sun and moon shall be dark, and the stars shall withdraw their shining.Joel 2:1-2, 10.

The sun shall be turned into darkness and the moon into blood before the great and the terrible day of Jehovah cometh. Joel 2:31.

The day of Jehovah is near in the valley of decision, the sun and moon shall be darkened. Joel 3:14-15.

In the Revelation:

The fourth angel sounded, and the third part of the sun was smitten, and the third part of the moon, and the third part of the stars, . . . and the day shone not for a third part of it. Revelation 8:12.

The sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood. Revelation 6:12.

All these passages treat of the last time of the Jewish Church, when the Lord came into the world. The meaning here is similar in Matthew and the Revelation, but they refer to the last time of the Christian Church, when the Lord would come again in the Word which is Himself, and in which He is. Wherefore, immediately after those words in Matthew 24:29, it is said:

And then shall appear the sign of the Son of Man . . . coming in the clouds of the heavens.Matthew 24:30.

By the sun in the above passages is meant love, by the moon faith, and by the stars the cognitions of good and truth. By the powers of the heavens are meant those three essentials as the supports and foundations of the heavens where the angels are, and of the Churches where men are. Therefore, by the foregoing passages collected into one idea is meant that neither love nor faith, nor any cognitions of good and truth remain in the Christian Church, in the last time thereof when it draws to its end. That the sun signifies love has been shown in THE APOCALYPSE REVEALED 53-54, 413, 796, 831, 961; that the moon signifies faith, THE APOCALYPSE REVEALED 53, 332, 413, 423, 533; and that stars signify cognitions of good and truth, THE APOCALYPSE REVEALED 51, 74, 333, 408, 419, 954.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Apocalypse Revealed # 413

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413. And a third of the sun was struck, a third of the moon, and a third of the stars, and a third of them was darkened. This symbolically means that because of their evils springing from falsities and their falsities springing from evils, they did not know what love is, or what faith is, or any truth.

A third means, symbolically, all (no. 400). The sun symbolizes love (no. 53). The moon symbolizes intelligence and faith (no. 332). The stars symbolize concepts of truth and goodness from the Word (no. 51). To be darkened means, symbolically, to be unseen and unknown because of evils springing from falsities and falsities springing from evils.

Evils springing from falsities are found in people who adopt falsities having to do with religion and defend them to the point that they appear to be true. Then, when they live in accordance with them, they do evils as a result of the falsities, or the evils of falsity.

On the other hand, falsities springing from evils are found in people who do not regard evils as being sins, and still more in people who employ reasonings issuing from their natural self, and moreover from the Word, to establish in themselves that evils are not sins. Their very arguments are falsities springing from evils, and what we call the falsities of evil.

[2] Darkness symbolizes these falsities because light symbolizes truth, and when the light has been extinguished, darkness is left.

To confirm this we will first cite passages where things similar to those here in the book of Revelation are said regarding the sun, moon and stars, and darkness ensuing upon their being extinguished:

The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the coming of the great and terrible day of Jehovah. (Joel 2:31)

...the stars of heaven and their constellations will not give their light; the sun will be darkened in its rising, and the moon will not cause its light to shine. (Isaiah 13:10, cf. 24:21, 24:23)

When I extinguish you, I will cover the heavens..., I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not give its light. All the luminaries of light in the heavens I will make dark over you, and bring darkness upon your land... (Ezekiel 32:7-8)

...the day of Jehovah... is at hand... The sun and moon grow dark, and the stars diminish their brightness. (Joel 2:1, 10)

Immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light, and the stars will fall from heaven... (Matthew 24:29, cf. Mark 13:24-25)

Who, if he elevates his mind, cannot see that in these places it is not the world's sun, moon and stars that are meant.

[3] That darkness symbolizes falsities of various kinds is clear from these passages:

Woe to you who desire the day of Jehovah! ...It will be one of darkness, and not light... Is not the day of Jehovah darkness and not light? Very dark, without any brightness? (Amos 5:18, 20)

(The day of Jehovah will be) a day of darkness and thick darkness, a day of clouds and overcast... (Zephaniah 1:15)

In that day... it will look to the land, which, behold, will be darkness...; and the light will grow dark in its ruins. (Isaiah 5:30, cf. 8:22)

...behold, the darkness covers the earth, and thick darkness the peoples. (Isaiah 60:2)

Give glory to Jehovah... before He causes darkness...; you look for light, but He turns it into thick darkness. (Jeremiah 13:16)

We look for light, but there is darkness and no brightness; we walk in thick darkness... We stumble at noonday as at twilight; among the living we are as dead men. (Isaiah 59:9-10)

Woe to those... who put darkness for light, and light for darkness. (Isaiah 5:20)

The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light. (Isaiah 9:2, cf. Matthew 4:16)

...the rising sun from on high (has appeared) to those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death... (Luke 1:78-79)

If you give your soul to the hungry..., your light shall rise in the darkness, and your thick darkness shall be as the noonday. (Isaiah 58:10)

In that day... the eyes of the blind who are in thick darkness and gloom shall see. (Isaiah 29:18, cf. 42:16; 49:9)

(Jesus said,) "I am the light of the world; he who follows Me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life." (John 8:12)

Walk while you have the light, lest darkness overtake you... I have come as a light into the world, that whoever believes in Me should not abide in darkness. (John 12:35, 46)

When I sit in darkness, Jehovah is a light to me. (Micah 7:8)

This is the judgment, that the light has come into the world, but men loved the darkness more than light... (John 3:19, cf. 1:4-5)

If... the light that is in you is darkness, how great is that darkness! (Matthew 6:23, cf. Luke 11:34-36)

...this is your hour, and the power of darkness. (Luke 22:53)

Darkness in these places symbolizes falsity arising either from ignorance of truth or from some false tenet of religion, or from a life of evil.

Regarding people caught up in falsities having to do with religion, who are therefore caught up in evils in life, the Lord says that they should be "cast out into outer darkness" (Matthew 8:12, cf. 22:13; 25:30).

  
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Many thanks to the General Church of the New Jerusalem, and to Rev. N.B. Rogers, translator, for the permission to use this translation.