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Birák 6

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1 És gonoszul cselekedének az Izráel fiai az Úrnak szemei elõtt, azért adá õket az Úr a Midiániták kezébe hét esztendeig.

2 És hatalmat võn a Midiániták keze az Izráelen, és a Midiánitáktól [való féltökben] készítették magoknak az Izráel fiai [azokat] a barlangokat, rejtekhelyeket és erõsségeket, a melyek a hegységben vannak.

3 Mert ha vetett Izráel, [mindjárt ott] termettek a Midiániták, az Amálekiták és a Napkeletnek fiai, és rájok törtek.

4 És táborba szálltak ellenök, és pusztították a földnek termését egész addig, a merre Gázába járnak, és nem hagytak élésre valót Izráelben, sem juhot, sem ökröt, sem szamarat.

5 Mert barmaikkal és sátoraikkal vonultak föl; csapatosan jöttek, mint a sáskák, úgy hogy sem nékik magoknak, sem tevéiknek nem volt száma, és ellepték a földet, hogy elpusztítsák azt.

6 Mikor azért igen megnyomorodott az Izráel a Midiániták miatt, az Úrhoz kiáltának az Izráel fiai.

7 Mikor pedig kiáltottak vala az Izráel fiai az Úrhoz Midián miatt:

8 Prófétát külde az Úr az Izráel fiaihoz, és monda nékik: Azt mondja az Úr, Izráel Istene: Én vezettelek fel titeket Égyiptomból, és hoztalak ki titeket a szolgálatnak házából,

9 És én mentettelek meg benneteket az Égyiptombeliek kezébõl, és minden nyomorgatóitoknak kezökbõl, a kiket kiûztem elõletek, és néktek adtam az õ földjüket.

10 És mondék néktek: Én, az Úr, vagyok a ti Istenetek; ne féljétek az Emoreusok isteneit, kiknek földén laktok; de ti nem hallgattatok az én szómra.

11 És eljöve az Úrnak angyala, és leüle ama cserfa alatt, a mely Ofrában van, a mely az Abiézer nemzetségébõl való Joásé vala, és az õ fia Gedeon épen búzát csépelt a pajtában, hogy megmentse a Midiániták orczája elõl.

12 Ekkor megjelenék néki az Úrnak angyala, és monda néki: Az Úr veled, erõs férfiú!

13 Gedeon pedig monda néki: Kérlek uram, ha velünk van az Úr, miért ért bennünket mindez? és hol vannak minden õ csoda dolgai, a melyekrõl beszéltek nékünk atyáink, mondván: Nem az Úr hozott-é fel minket Égyiptomból?! Most pedig elhagyott minket az Úr, és adott a Midiániták kezébe.

14 És az Úr hozzá fordula, és monda: Menj el ezzel a te erõddel, és megszabadítod Izráelt Midián kezébõl. Nemde, én küldelek téged?

15 És monda néki: Kérlek uram, miképen szabadítsam én meg Izráelt? Ímé az én nemzetségem a legszegényebb Manasséban, és én vagyok a legkisebb atyámnak házában.

16 És monda néki az Úr: Én leszek veled, és megvered Midiánt, mint egy embert.

17 Õ pedig monda néki: Ha kegyelmet találtam a te szemeid elõtt, kérlek, adj nékem valamely jelt, hogy te szólasz én velem.

18 El ne menj kérlek innen, míg vissza nem jövök hozzád, és ki nem hozom az én áldozatomat, és le nem teszem elõdbe. Az pedig monda: Én itt leszek, míg visszatérsz.

19 Gedeon pedig elméne, és elkészíte egy kecskegödölyét és egy efa lisztbõl kovásztalan pogácsákat, [és] betevé a húst egy kosárba, és a [hús] levét fazékba, és kivivé hozzá a cserfa alá, és felajánlá néki.

20 És monda néki az Isten angyala: Vegyed a húst és a kovásztalan kenyereket, és rakd erre a kõsziklára, és a hús levét öntsd rá. És úgy cselekedék.

21 Ekkor kinyújtá az Úrnak angyala pálczájának végét, mely kezében vala, és megérinté a húst, és a kovásztalan kenyeret; és tûz jött ki a kõsziklából, és megemészté a húst és a kovásztalan kenyereket. Az Úrnak angyala pedig eltünt az õ szemei elõl.

22 Látván pedig Gedeon, hogy az Úrnak angyala volt az, monda Gedeon: Jaj nékem Uram, Istenem! mert az Úrnak angyalát láttam színrõl színre!

23 És monda néki az Úr: Békesség néked! ne félj, nem halsz meg!

24 És építe ott Gedeon oltárt az Úrnak, és nevezé azt Jehova-Salomnak [(azaz: az Úr a béke),] mely mind e mai napig megvan az Abiézer nemzetségének [városában,] Ofrában.

25 És lõn ugyanazon éjjel, hogy monda az Úr néki: Végy egy tulkot atyádnak ökrei közül, és egy másik tulkot, a mely hét éves, és rontsd le a Baál oltárát, a mely a te atyádé és a berket, a mely a mellett van, vágd ki.

26 És építs oltárt az Úrnak, a te Istenednek, ennek a megerõsített helynek tetején alkalmatos helyen, és vedd a második tulkot, és áldozd meg égõáldozatul a berek fájával, a melyet kivágsz.

27 Ekkor Gedeon tíz férfiút võn [maga mellé] az õ szolgái közül, és a képen cselekedék, a mint megmondotta vala néki az Úr. De [miután] félt atyjának háznépétõl és a városnak férfiaitól ezt nappal cselekedni, éjszaka tevé meg.

28 Mikor aztán felkeltek reggel a városnak férfiai, íme [már] össze volt törve a Baál oltára, és levágva a mellette levõ berek, és a második tulok égõáldozatul azon az oltáron, a mely építteték.

29 És mondának egyik a másikának: Ki cselekedte ezt? És [mikor] utána kérdezõsködtek és tudakozódtak, azt mondották: Gedeon, a Joás fia cselekedte ezt a dolgot.

30 Akkor mondának a városnak férfiai Joásnak: Add ki fiadat, meg kell halnia, mert lerontotta a Baál oltárát és mert kivágta a berket, a mely mellette volt.

31 Joás pedig monda mindazoknak, a kik körülötte állának: Baálért pereltek ti? Avagy ti oltalmazzátok-é õtet? Valaki perel õ érette, ölettessék meg reggelig. Ha isten õ, hát pereljen õ maga, hogy oltára lerontatott!

32 És azon a napon elnevezték õt Jerubbaálnak, mondván: Pereljen õ vele Baál, mert lerontotta az õ oltárát.

33 És mikor az egész Midián és Amálek és a Napkeletiek egybegyûlének, és általkeltek [a Jordánon], és tábort jártak a Jezréel völgyében:

34 Az Úrnak lelke megszállotta Gedeont, és megfúván a harsonákat, egybehívá az Abiézer [házát,] hogy õt kövesse.

35 És követeket külde egész Manasséba, és egybegyûle az is õ utána; és követeket külde Aserbe és Zebulonba és Nafthaliba, és feljövének eleikbe.

36 És monda Gedeon az Istennek: Ha [csakugyan] az én kezem által akarod megszabadítani Izráelt, a miképen mondottad,

37 Íme egy fürt gyapjat teszek a szérûre, [és] ha csak maga a gyapjú lesz harmatos, míg az egész föld száraz leénd: errõl megtudom, hogy [valóban] az én kezem által szabadítod meg Izráelt, a mint mondottad.

38 És úgy lõn. Mert mikor másnap reggel felkelt, és megszorítá a gyapjat, harmatot facsart ki a gyapjúból, egy tele csésze vizet.

39 És monda Gedeon az Istennek: Ne gerjedjen fel a te haragod én ellenem, hogy még egyszer szólok. Hadd tegyek kísérletet, kérlek, még egyszer e gyapjúval. Legyen, kérlek, szárazság csak a gyapjún, és harmat az egész földön.

40 És úgy cselekedék Isten azon az éjszakán, és lõn szárazság csak magán a gyapjún, míg az egész földön harmat lõn.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 279

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279. And the second animal like a calf, signifies the appearance in ultimates of Divine good in respect to protection. This is evident from the signification of a "calf," or "bullock," as being the good of the natural man, and specifically his good of innocence and charity; and because it is the good of the natural man it also is the good of the lowest heaven, for this heaven is spiritual natural (See in the work on Heaven and Hell 29-31); and as this good is there, there is a guard or protection that the higher heavens be not approached except through the good of love and charity; this is why one cherub was like a calf. That this appearance was in ultimates, see just above n. 278. A "calf" or "bullock" signifies the good of the natural man, because animals from the herd signified the affections of good and truth in the external or natural man; and those from the flock signified the affections of good and truth in the internal or spiritual man. Those from the flock were lambs, she-goats, sheep, rams, and he-goats; those from the herd were oxen, bullocks, and calves.

[2] That "bullocks" and "calves" signify the good of the natural man is evident from the passages of the Word where they are mentioned. First from the description of the feet of the cherubim in Ezekiel:

Their foot was straight and the sole of their feet like the sole of a calf's foot, and they sparkled like the appearance of burnished brass (Ezekiel 1:7).

Their foot thus appeared "straight" because the cherubim represented the Divine guard of the Lord, and the feet and the soles of the feet represented the same in ultimates or in the spiritual natural heaven and the natural world; for "feet" in general signify the natural; a "straight foot" the natural in respect to good; "the sole of the foot" the ultimate of the natural; "burnished brass" also signifies good in the natural. From this it is clear that good in the natural is signified by a "calf," and that in this is the ultimate good that guards and protects lest the heavens be approached except through the good of love and charity. (That "feet" signify the natural, see Arcana Coelestia 2162, 3147, 3761, 3986, 4280, 4938-4952, 5327, 5328; that that which is to the right signifies good from which is truth, n. 9604, 9736, 10061; therefore a "straight foot" signifies the natural in respect to good. That "palms," "soles," and "hoofs," signify the ultimates in the natural, see n. 4938, 7729; and that "burnished brass" signifies natural good, see above, n. 70)

[3] In Hosea:

Return ye to Jehovah; say unto Him, Take away all iniquity, and accept good, and we will pay back the bullocks of our lips (Hosea 14:2).

What it is to "pay back the bullocks of the lips" no one can know unless he knows what "bullocks" and what "lips" signify; they mean evidently confession and thanksgiving from a good heart; but it is thus expressed because "bullocks" signify external good, and "lips" doctrine; therefore "paying back the bullocks of the lips" signifies to confess and give thanks from the goods of doctrine. (That "lips" signify doctrine, see Arcana Coelestia, n. 1286, 1288.)

[4] In Amos:

Ye cause the habitation of violence to draw near; they lie upon beds of ivory, and eat the lambs out of the flock, and the calves out of the midst of the stall (Amos 6:3, 4).

Here those who have an abundance of the knowledges of good and truth and yet lead an evil life are treated of; "to eat the lambs out of the flock" signifies to imbibe the knowledges of internal good or of the spiritual man; and "to eat the calves out of the midst of the stall" signifies to imbibe the knowledges of external good or of the natural man; and "to cause the habitation of violence to draw near" is to live a life contrary to charity.

[5] In Malachi:

Unto you that fear My name shall the Sun of righteousness arise and healing in His wings; that ye may go forth, and grow up as fatted calves (Malachi 4:2).

The "Sun of righteousness that shall arise to them that fear the name of Jehovah" signifies the good of love; and "healing in His wings" signifies the truth of faith; therefore "to go forth, and grow up as fatted calves," signifies the increase of all good, "fatted" and "fat" also signifying good.

[6] In Luke:

The father said of the prodigal son who returned penitent in heart, Bring forth the first robe and put it on him, and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet; and bring hither the fatted calf and kill it, that we may eat and be glad (Luke 15:22, 23).

He who is acquainted only with the sense of the letter believes that no deeper meaning is contained in this than appears in that sense, when yet every particular involves heavenly things; as that they should "put on him the first robe," that they should "put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet," that they should "bring forth the fatted calf, that they might eat and be merry." By "the prodigal son" those who are prodigal of spiritual riches, which are the knowledges of truth and good, are meant; "his returning to his father, and his confession that he was not worthy to be called his son," signifies penitence of heart and humiliation; "the first robe with which he was clothed," signifies general and primary truths; "the ring on the hand" signifies the conjunction of truth and good in the internal or spiritual man; "the shoes on the feet" signify the same in the external or natural man, and both signify regeneration; "the fatted calf" signifies the good of love and charity; and "to eat and be glad" signifies consociation and heavenly joy.

[7] In Jeremiah:

I will give the men that have transgressed My covenant, who have not established the words of the covenant which they made before Me, that of the calf, which they cut in twain that they might pass between the parts thereof, the princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the royal ministers and the priests, and all the people of the land, which passed between the parts of the calf, I will even give them into the hands of their enemies, that their carcass may be for food to the bird of the heavens (Jeremiah 34:18-20).

What is meant by "the covenant of the calf," and by "passing between its parts," no one can know without knowing what a "covenant" signifies, and a "calf," and its being "cut in twain;" then what is meant by "the princes of Judah and Jerusalem," by "the royal ministers," "the priests," and "the people of the land." Some heavenly arcanum is evidently meant; and it can be understood when it is known that a "covenant" means conjunction; a "calf" good, a "calf cut in twain" good proceeding from the Lord on the one hand, and good received by man on the other, whence is conjunction; and that "the princes of Judah and of Jerusalem, the royal ministers, the priests, and the people of the land," mean the goods and truths of the church; and that "to pass between the parts" means to conjoin. When these things are known, the internal sense of these words can be seen, namely, that there was no conjunction by the goods and truths of the church with that nation, but disjunction.

[8] Like things are involved in the "covenant of the calf" with Abram, of which in Genesis:

Jehovah said to Abram, Take to thee an heifer of three years old, and a she-goat of three years old, and a ram of three years old, and a turtle dove, and a young pigeon. And he took him all these, and divided them in the midst, and laid each part over against the other; but the birds divided he not. And the birds of prey came down upon the carcasses; and Abram drove them away. And the sun was at its going down, and a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and lo, a terror of great darkness fell upon him. And in that day Jehovah made a covenant with Abram (Genesis 15:9-12, 18).

The "terror of great darkness" that fell upon Abram signified the state of the Jewish nation, which was in the greatest darkness in respect to the truths and goods of the church. This state of that nation is what is described in the prophet by "the covenant of the calf which they cut into two parts, between which they passed." Since a "calf" signifies the good of the natural man and its truth, which is knowledge [scientificum]; and since the natural man and its knowledge [scientificum] is signified by "Egypt," therefore in the Word Egypt is called a "she-calf," and a "he-calf;" moreover, when they applied the knowledges [scientifica] of the church to magical and idolatrous purposes they turned the calf into an idol; this was why the sons of Israel made to themselves a he-calf in the wilderness, and worshiped it, and also why they had a calf in Samaria.

[9] That Egypt was called a he-calf and a she-calf can be seen in Jeremiah:

A very fair she-calf is Egypt; destruction cometh out of the north, her hirelings in the midst of her are like he-calves of the stall (Jeremiah 46:20-21).

Respecting the calf that the sons of Israel made to themselves in the wilderness, see Exodus 32; and respecting the "calf of Samaria" (1 Kings 12:28-32), about which is the following in Hosea:

They have made a king, but not by Me; they have made princes, and I knew it not; of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off. Thy calf, O Samaria, hath forsaken thee. For it was from Israel; the workman made it, and it is not God; the calf of Samaria shall be broken in pieces (Hosea 8:4-6).

This treats of the corrupt explanation of the Word, when the sense of its letter is turned to favor self-love, and the principles of religion derived therefrom. "They have made a king, but not by Me, and they have made princes, and I knew it not," signifies doctrines from self-intelligence, which in themselves are falsities, but which they make to appear as truths; for "king" signifies truth, and in a contrary sense, falsity; "princes" signify primary truths, or falsities, which are called principles of religion. "To make idols of their silver and their gold" signifies to pervert the truths and goods of the church, and still to worship them as holy, although as they are from self-intelligence they are destitute of life; "silver" is the truth, and "gold" the good, which are from the Lord; "idols" signify worship from doctrine that is from self-intelligence; "the workman made it, and it is not God," signifies that is from the selfhood [ex proprio], and not from the Divine; "to be broken in pieces" signifies to be dispersed; which makes clear what is signified by the "calf of Samaria." Because "calves" signified the good of the natural man, calves were also sacrificed (See Exodus 29:11, 12 seq.; Leviticus 4:3, 13; 8:15 seq.; 9:2; 16:3; 23:18; Numbers 8:8 seq.; 15:24; 28:19, 20; Judges 6:25-29; 1 Samuel 1:25; 16:2; 1 Kings 18:23-26, 33); for all the animals that were sacrificed signified the goods of the church of various kinds.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 3147

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3147. 'And water to wash his feet' means purification there. This is clear from the meaning of 'water to wash' or 'washing with water' as purifying, dealt with below, and from the meaning of 'feet' as natural things, or what amounts to the same, those things that are in the natural man, dealt with in 2162. In the representative Church washing feet with water was a ceremonial act which meant washing away the filth of the natural man. The filth of the natural man is composed of all the things that belong to self-love and love of the world, and when such filth has been washed away goods and truths flow in, for that filth alone is what hinders the influx of good and truth from the Lord.

[2] For good is flowing in constantly from the Lord, but when by way of the internal or spiritual man it reaches the external or natural man it is either perverted there, or turned away, or stifled. But when indeed the things that belong to self-love and love of the world are removed, good is received there, and bears fruit there, since the person now performs the works of charity. This may become clear from many considerations, such as this: When the things that belong to the external or natural man are quiescent - as they are in times of ill-fortune, wretchedness, and sickness - a person instantly starts to become spiritually-minded and to will what is good, and also to perform acts of devotion insofar as he is able. But when that state alters, these things are altered too.

[3] In the Ancient Church 'washings' were signs meaning these things, and in the Jewish Church the same were representations. The reason why in the Ancient Church they were meaningful signs but in the Jewish Church representations was that members of the Ancient Church regarded that custom as some external act of worship. Nor did they believe that they were purified by that kind of washing but by a washing away of the filth of the natural man, which, as has been stated, is composed of the things that belong to self-love and love of the world. But the member of the Jewish Church did believe that he was purified by such washing, for he did not know, and did not wish to know, that the purifying of a person's interior self was meant.

[4] That 'washing' means the washing away of that filth is clear in Isaiah,

Wash yourselves; purify yourselves; remove the evil of your doings from before My eyes; cease to do evil. Isaiah 1:16.

Here it is evident that 'washing themselves' means purifying themselves and removing evils. In the same prophet,

When the Lord will have washed the excrement of the daughters of Zion and washed away the blood of Jerusalem from its midst in a spirit of judgement and in a spirit of purging. Isaiah 4:4.

Here 'washing the excrement of the daughters of Zion and washing away the blood of Jerusalem' stands for purifying from evils and falsities. In Jeremiah,

Wash your heart from wickedness, O Jerusalem, that you may be saved. How long will your iniquitous thoughts lodge within you? Jeremiah 4:14.

[5] In Ezekiel,

I washed you with water, and washed away the blood from upon you, and anointed you with oil. Ezekiel 16:9.

This refers to Jerusalem, which is used here to mean the Ancient Church. 'Washing with water' stands for purifying from falsities, 'washing away the blood' for purging from evils, 'anointing with oil' for filling with good at that time. In David,

Wash me from my iniquity, and cleanse me from my sin. You will purge me with hyssop and I shall be clean; You will wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow. Psalms 51:2, 7.

'Being washed' plainly stands for being purified from evils and derivative falsities.

[6] These were the things that were meant by 'washing' in the Representative Church. For the sake of the representation, when they had been made unclean and needed to be cleansed, people were commanded in that Church to wash the skin, hands, feet, and also their garments. All these meant things that belong to the natural man. Also for the sake of the representation, lavers made of bronze were placed outside the Temple - that is to say, 'the bronze sea and the ten bronze lavers' mentioned in 1 Kings 7:23-29; there was also the bronze laver from which Aaron and his sons were to wash themselves, placed between the Tent of Meeting and the Altar, and so outside the Tent of Meeting, Exodus 30:18-19, 21 - the meaning of which was that only external or natural things needed to be purified. And unless they have been purified, that is, unless things belonging to self-love and love of the world have been removed from them, internal things which belong to love to the Lord and towards the neighbour cannot possibly flow in, as stated above.

[7] To enable these matters to be understood more easily, that is to say, regarding the need for external things to be purified, let good works - or what amounts to the same, the goods of charity, which are at the present day called the fruits of faith, and which, since they are actions, are external - serve to exemplify and illustrate the point: Good works are bad works unless the things belonging to self-love and love of the world are removed. For until these have been removed works, when performed, are good to outward appearance but are inwardly bad. They are inwardly bad because they are done either for the sake of reputation, or for financial gain, or for improvement of one's position, or for reward. They are accordingly either merit-seeking or hypocritical, for the things that belong to self-love and love of the world cause those works to be such. But when indeed these evils are removed, works become good, and are the goods of charity. That is to say, they are done regardless of self, the world, reputation, or reward, and so are not merit-seeking or hypocritical, because in that case celestial love and spiritual love flow from the Lord into those works and cause them to be love and charity in action. And at the same time the Lord also purifies the natural or external man by means of those things and orders it so that that man receives correspondingly the celestial and spiritual things that flow in.

[8] This becomes quite clear from what the Lord taught when He washed the disciples' feet: In John,

He came to Simon Peter, who said to Him, Lord, do You wash my feet? Jesus answered and said to him, What I am doing you do not know now, but you will know afterwards. Peter said to Him, You will never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, If I do not wash you, you have no part with Me. Simon Peter said to Him, Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and head! Jesus said to him, He who is washed has no need except that his feet be washed, but is clean all over. Now you are clean, but not all of you. John 13:4-17.

'He who is washed has no need except that his feet be washed' means that anyone who has been reformed needs to be cleansed only in regard to natural things, that is, to have evils and falsities removed from them. For when that happens all is ordered by the influx of spiritual things from the Lord. Furthermore 'feet-washing' was an act of charity, meaning that one ought not to dwell on the evils of another person. It was also an act of humility, meaning the cleansing of another from evils, like filth from the body, as also becomes clear from the Lord's words in verses 12-17 of that chapter in John, and also in Luke 7:37-38, 44, 46; John 11:2; 1 Samuel 25:41.

[9] Anyone may see that washing himself does not purify a person from evils and falsities, only from the filth that clings to him. Yet because it belonged among the religious observances commanded in the Church it follows that it embodies some special idea, namely spiritual washing, which is purification from the filth that clings to man inwardly. Members of that Church therefore who knew these things and thought of purification of the heart, that is, the removal of the evils of self-love and love of the world from the natural man, and tried to achieve it with utmost zeal, practiced ritual washing as an external act of worship, as commanded. But among those who did not know and did not wish to know those things but who supposed that the mere ritual act of washing garments, skin, hands, and feet would purify them, and who supposed that provided they performed such rituals they would be allowed to continue leading lives of avarice, hatred, revenge, mercilessness, and cruelty - all of which constitute spiritual filth - the performance of the ritual was idolatrous. Nevertheless by means of that ritual they were still able to represent, and by means of the representation to display, some vestige of a Church, by means of which heaven was in a way joined to mankind prior to the Lord's Coming. But that conjunction was such that heaven had little or no influence at all on the member of that Church.

[10] The Jews and Israelites were such that they did not think at all of the internal man, nor did they wish to know anything about the same. Thus they knew absolutely nothing about the celestial and spiritual things which belong to the life after death. Nevertheless to prevent the end of all communication with heaven and so with the Lord, they were bound to the performance of external observances by which internal things were meant. All their captivities and plagues were in general to the end that external observances might be duly carried out for the sake of the representation. It was for this reason that the following laws were given:

Moses was to wash Aaron and his sons with water at the tent door, to sanctify them. Exodus 29:4; 40:12; Leviticus 8:6.

Aaron and his sons were to wash their hands and feet before entering the Tent of Meeting and approaching the Altar to minister, lest they died. This was to them a statute for ever. Exodus 30:18-21; 40:30-31.

Before putting on his vestments Aaron was to wash his flesh. Leviticus 16:4, 24.

Levites were to be purified by sprinkling the water of expiation over them, passing a razor over their flesh, and washing their clothes - then they were pure. Numbers 8:6-7.

Anyone who ate the carcass of a clean animal, 1 or that which had been torn to pieces, was to wash his clothes and bathe himself with water, and if he did not wash himself and bathe his flesh he would bear his iniquity. Leviticus 17:15-16.

Anyone who touched the bed of a person who had a discharge, or sat on a vessel on which that person had sat, and anyone who touched that person's flesh was to wash his clothes and to bathe himself with water, and be unclean until the evening. Leviticus 15:5-7, 10-12 and following verses.

The person who sent the goat away to Azazel was to wash his flesh. Leviticus 16:26.

When a leper was to be cleansed he was to wash his clothes, shave off all his hair, wash himself in water, and then he would be clean. Leviticus 14:8-9.

Even vessels themselves which had become unclean through contact with unclean persons were made to go through water and be unclean until the evening. Leviticus 11:32.

From all these laws it may be seen that nobody was made clean or pure internally through ritual washing, but that such a person merely represented him who was pure or spiritually clean, for the reason stated above. The Lord teaches the same quite explicitly in Matthew 15:1-20; Mark 7:1-23.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. i.e. an animal that had not been slaughtered but had died naturally

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.