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Richter 4

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1 Aber die Kinder Israel taten fürder übel vor dem HERRN, da Ehud gestorben war.

2 Und der HERR verkaufte sie in die Hand Jabins, des Königs der Kanaaniter, der zu Hazor saß; und sein Feldhauptmann war Sisera, und er wohnte zu Haroseth der Heiden.

3 Und die Kinder Israel schrieen zum HERRN; denn er hatte neunhundert eiserne Wagen und zwang die Kinder Israel mit Gewalt zwanzig Jahre.

4 Zu der Zeit war Richterin in Israel die Prophetin Debora, das Weib Lapidoths.

5 Und sie wohnte unter der Palme Deboras zwischen Rama und Beth-El auf dem Gebirge Ephraim. Und die Kinder Israel kamen zu ihr hinauf vor Gericht.

6 Diese sandte hin und ließ rufen Barak, den Sohn Abinoams von Kedes-Naphthali, und ließ ihm sagen: Hat dir nicht der HERR, der Gott Israels, geboten: Gehe hin und zieh auf den Berg Thabor und nimm zehntausend Mann mit dir von den Kindern Naphthali und Sebulon?

7 Denn ich will Sisera, den Feldhauptmann Jabins, zu dir ziehen an das Wasser Kison mit seinen Wagen und mit seiner Menge und will ihn in deine Hände geben.

8 Barak sprach zu ihr: Wenn du mit mir ziehst, so will ich ziehen; ziehst du aber nicht mit mir, so will ich nicht ziehen.

9 Sie sprach: Ich will mit dir ziehen, aber der Preis wird nicht dein sein auf dieser Reise, die du tust, sondern der HERR wird Sisera in eines Weibes Hand übergeben. Also machte sich Debora auf und zog mit Barak gen Kedes.

10 Da rief Barak Sebulon und Naphthali gen Kedes, und es zogen hinauf ihm nach zehntausend Mann. Debora zog auch mit ihm.

11 (Heber aber, der Keniter, war von den Kenitern, von den Kindern Hobabs, Mose's Schwagers, weggezogen und hatte seine Hütte aufgeschlagen bei den Eichen zu Zaanannim neben Kedes.)

12 Da ward Sisera angesagt, daß Barak, der Sohn Abinoams, auf den Berg Thabor gezogen wäre.

13 Und er rief alle seine Wagen zusammen, neunhundert eiserne Wagen, und alles Volk, das mit ihm war, von Haroseth der Heiden an das Wasser Kison.

14 Debora aber sprach zu Barak: Auf! das ist der Tag, da dir der HERR den Sisera hat in deine Hand gegeben; denn der HERR wird vor dir her ausziehen. Also zog Barak von dem Berge Thabor herab und die zehntausend Mann ihm nach.

15 Aber der HERR erschreckte den Sisera samt allen seinen Wagen und ganzem Heer vor der Schärfe des Schwertes Baraks, daß Sisera von seinem Wagen sprang und floh zu Fuß.

16 Barak aber jagte nach den Wagen und dem Heer bis gen Haroseth der Heiden. Und alles Heer Siseras fiel vor der Schärfe des Schwerts, daß nicht einer übrigblieb.

17 Sisera aber floh zu Fuß in die Hütte Jaels, des Weibes Hebers, des Keniters. Denn der König Jabin zu Hazor und das Haus Hebers, des Keniters, standen miteinander im Frieden.

18 Jael aber ging heraus, Sisera entgegen, und sprach zu ihm: Weiche, mein Herr, weiche zu mir und fürchte dich nicht! Und er wich zu ihr in die Hütte, und sie deckte ihn zu mit einer Decke.

19 Er aber sprach zu ihr: Gib mir doch ein wenig Wasser zu trinken, denn mich dürstet. Da tat sie auf einen Milchtopf und gab ihm zu trinken und deckte ihn zu.

20 Und er sprach zu ihr: Tritt in der Hütte Tür, und wenn jemand kommt und fragt, ob jemand hier sei, so sprich: Niemand.

21 Da nahm Jael, das Weib Hebers, einen Nagel von der Hütte und einen Hammer in ihre Hand und ging leise zu ihm hinein und schlug ihm den Nagel durch seine Schläfe, daß er in die Erde drang. Er aber war entschlummert, ward ohnmächtig und starb.

22 Da aber Barak Sisera nachjagte, ging Jael heraus, ihm entgegen, und sprach zu ihm: Gehe her! ich will dir den Mann zeigen, den du suchst. Und da er zu ihr hineinkam, lag Sisera tot, und der Nagel steckte in seiner Schläfe.

23 Also dämpfte Gott zu der Zeit Jabin, der Kanaaniter König, vor den Kindern Israel.

24 Und die Hand der Kinder Israel ward immer stärker wider Jabin, der Kanaaniter König, bis sie ihn ausrotteten.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 4

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 4: Deborah

Yet again, the children of Israel had disobeyed the Lord. At this point in time, they had been under the yoke of Jabin, a Canaanite king, for twenty years. He had nine hundred chariots of iron, and was apparently very powerful.

The Lord raised up Deborah, a prophetess, to free the Israelites from oppression under Jabin. The text says that she would pass judgements for the children of Israel while she sat under the palm tree of Deborah.

Deborah summoned Barak, an army officer, and told him to go with ten thousand men from the tribes of Naphtali and Zebulun to fight King Jabin’s armies. Barak said he would only go if Deborah went as well, so she agreed to join him. Deborah then prophesied that Sisera, the enemy commander, would be defeated by a woman.

The two armies clashed at by the River Kishon, and all of Sisera’s men were killed. Sisera then fled to the tent of Heber, an Israelite who was on peaceful terms with King Jabin. Jael, Heber’s wife, invited Sisera to come in with the comforting words, “fear not”. She covered him with a blanket, gave him milk to drink, and let him sleep there.

Then Jael quietly took a tent peg and drove it into Sisera’s temple using a hammer, so that the peg stuck in the earth. When Barak came to the tent, pursuing Sisera, Jael went out to tell him, “come, and I will show you the man you seek.” And she showed him Sisera, dead, with a peg through his temple.

So Jabin’s army was defeated that day, and Israel grew stronger until their oppression under Jabin came to an end.

*****

Deborah is an especially significant character in the Bible, because she was the only female judge of Israel. It was very unusual for a woman in those times to rise to power, yet she truly earned the respect of her people. Deborah, as a woman, stands for the nurturing power of the Word to strengthen us during regeneration. Her name means ‘a bee’, but this comes from a word meaning ‘to speak’ – here, to speak the Word. Bees make honey; honey is nutritious; God’s word is our nourishment (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 3424[2]).

The fact that Deborah judged from under a palm tree may seem like a passing detail, but even this contributes to the spiritual meaning of the story. Palm trees stand for the divine truths of the Word, which means that Deborah was judging the people from her understanding of the Lord’s truths.

King Jabin’s nine hundred iron chariots represent the apparent power of false beliefs, thoughts and persuasions over us. The number ‘nine’ stands for something which is complete, and ‘iron’ here stands for either natural truths or falsities. A ‘chariot’, being pulled by a horse, always stands for a set of teachings or doctrine. These three symbols add to the picture of a very powerful enemy: false ideas and views that can weaken and overwhelm us (Arcana Caelestia 4720[2]).

The spiritual meaning of the complex arrangement between Barak and Deborah is that we can only deal with our spiritual conflicts if we take the Word’s power (Deborah) with us. Barak, a man, represents the power of truth, but Deborah says a woman will gain victory over Sisera. The feminine stands for the power of love: our charity, our affection for good, and our wish to be useful. These qualities are always essential in our spiritual life (see Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 1120[2]).

The story about Jael and Sisera is really about actively resisting the temptations of evil in our lives. Jael, a woman, stands for the power of good to overcome what is false in our mind. Driving the tent peg through Sisera’s head stands for the complete destruction of what is false. Driving it right through and into the ground stands for the power of good in our life and in our regeneration, because the ground represents our actions (Arcana Caelestia 268).

When Barak and Jael meet, it stands for the unity between good (Jael, a woman) and truth (Barak, a man). This unity of good and truth appears again at the start of the next chapter, in which Deborah and Barak sing of Israel’s victory.

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 3424

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3424. 'Isaac's servants dug in the valley and found there a well of living water' means the Word as regards the literal sense, which holds the internal sense within it. This is clear from the meaning of 'digging in the valley' as investigating lower down to discover where truths are, for 'digging' is investigating, and 'a valley' is that which is lower down, 1723, 3417; and from the meaning of 'a well of living water' as the Word in which Divine truths are present, thus the Word as regards the literal sense which holds the internal sense within it. It is well known that the Word is called 'a spring', in particular 'a spring of living waters'. The reason why the Word is also called 'a well' is that in relation to its other senses the sense of the letter is like a well, and that where spiritual people are concerned the Word is not a spring but a well, see 2702, 3096. Since a valley is that which is lower down, or what amounts to the same, that which is more external, and it was in the valley that the spring was found; and since the literal sense is the lower or more external sense of the Word, it is the literal sense that is therefore meant. But because that sense holds the internal sense, that is, the heavenly and Divine sense, its waters are for that reason called 'living', as also were the waters which went out under the threshold of the new house in Ezekiel,

And it will happen, that every wild creature that creeps, wherever the river comes to, is living; and there will be very many fish, for those waters go there, and become fresh; and everything is living where the river goes. Ezekiel 47:8-9.

Here 'the river' is the Word, 'the waters which cause everything to live' are the Divine Truths within it, 'fish' are facts, 40, 991.

[2] The Lord teaches that the Word of the Lord is such that it gives life to him who is thirsty, that is, to one who desires life, and that it is a spring whose waters are living, in John,

Jesus said to the woman from Samaria at Jacob's well, If you knew the gift of God, and who it is that is saying to you, Give Me a drink, you would ask from Him, and He would give you living water. He who drinks of the water that I shall give him will never thirst, but the water that I shall give him will become in him a spring of water welling up into eternal life. John 4:10, 14.

The reason why the Word is living and therefore confers life is that in its highest sense the subject is the Lord, while in the inmost sense it is His kingdom in which the Lord is everything. And this being so it is life itself which the Word contains and which flows into the minds of those who read the Word devoutly. This is why the Lord, in regard to the Word which comes from Himself, calls Himself 'a spring of water welling up into eternal life'; see also 2702.

[3] The fact that the Word of the Lord is called 'a well' in addition to 'a spring' is clear in Moses,

Israel sang the song: Spring up, O well! Answer to it! The well which the princes dug, which the chiefs of the people dug out, as directed by the Lawgiver, 1 with their staves. Numbers 21:17-18.

These words were sung at the place Beer, that is, the place of the well. In this case 'a well' means the Word which existed with the Ancient Church, as is evident from what has been said previously about the Word in 2897. 'The princes' means the first and foremost truths of which [the Word] consists - 'princes' being first and foremost truths, see 1482, 2089 - 'nobles of the people' lower truths such as those present in the literal sense, 1259, 1260, 2928, 3295. 'The Lawgiver' is clearly the Lord, 'staves' the powers which those truths possessed.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, into the Lawgiver

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.