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2 Mose 9

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1 Der HERR sprach zu Mose: Gehe hinein zu Pharao und sprich zu ihm: Also sagt der HERR, der Gott der Ebräer: Laß mein Volk, daß sie mir dienen!

2 Wo du dich des weigerst und sie weiter aufhältst,

3 siehe, so wird Hand des HERRN sein über dein Vieh auf dem Felde, über Pferde, über Esel, über Kamele, über Ochsen, über Schafe mit einer fast schweren Pestilenz.

4 Und der HERR wird ein Besonderes tun zwischen dem Vieh der Israeliten und der Ägypter, daß nichts sterbe aus allem, das die Kinder Israel haben.

5 Und der HERR bestimmte eine Zeit und sprach: Morgen wird der HERR solches auf Erden tun.

6 Und der HERR tat solches des Morgens; und starb allerlei Vieh der Ägypter; aber des Viehes der Kinder Israel starb nicht eins.

7 Und Pharao sandte danach, und siehe, es war des Viehes Israel nicht eins gestorben. Aber das Herz Pharaos ward verstockt und ließ das Volk nicht.

8 Da sprach der HERR zu Mose und Aaron: Nehmet eure Fäuste voll Ruß aus dem Ofen, und Mose sprenge ihn gen Himmel vor Pharao,

9 daß über ganz Ägyptenland stäube, und böse schwarze Blattern auffahren, beide an Menschen und an Vieh, in ganz Ägyptenland.

10 Und sie nahmen Ruß aus dem Ofen und traten vor Pharao, und Mose sprengete ihn gen Himmel. Da fuhren auf böse schwarze Blattern, beide an Menschen und an Vieh,

11 also daß die Zauberer nicht konnten vor Mose stehen vor den bösen Blattern; denn es waren an den Zauberern ebensowohl böse Blattern als an allen Ägyptern.

12 Aber der HERR verstockte das Herz Pharaos, daß er sie nicht hörete, wie denn der HERR zu Mose gesagt hatte.

13 Da sprach der HERR zu Mose: Mache dich morgen frühe auf und tritt vor Pharao und sprich zu ihm: So sagt der HERR, der Ebräer Gott: Laß mein Volk, daß mir's diene!

14 Ich will anders diesmal alle meine Plagen über dich selbst senden, über deine Knechte und über dein Volk, daß du inne werden sollst, daß meinesgleichen nicht ist in allen Landen.

15 Denn ich will jetzt meine Hand ausrecken und dich und dein Volk mit Pestilenz schlagen, daß du von der Erde sollst vertilget werden.

16 Und zwar darum habe ich dich erwecket, daß meine Kraft an dir erscheine, und mein Name verkündiget werde in allen Landen.

17 Du trittst mein Volk noch unter dich und willst es nicht lassen.

18 Siehe, ich will morgen um diese Zeit einen sehr großen Hagel regnen lassen, desgleichen in Ägypten nicht gewesen ist, seit der Zeit es gegründet ist, bisher.

19 Und nun sende hin und verwahre dein Vieh und alles, was du auf dem Felde hast. Denn alle Menschen und Vieh, das auf dem Felde funden wird und nicht in die Häuser versammelt ist, so der Hagel auf sie fällt, werden sterben.

20 Wer nun unter den Knechten Pharaos des HERRN Wort fürchtete, der ließ seine Knechte und Vieh in die Häuser fliehen.

21 Welcher Herz aber sich nicht kehrete an des HERRN Wort, ließen ihre Knechte und Vieh auf dem Felde.

22 Da sprach der HERR zu Mose: Recke deine Hand gen Himmel, daß es hagele über ganz Ägyptenland, über Menschen, über Vieh und über alles Kraut auf dem Felde in Ägyptenland.

23 Also reckte Mose seinen Stab gen Himmel; und der HERR ließ donnern und hageln, daß das Feuer auf die Erde schoß. Also ließ der HERR Hagel regnen über Ägyptenland,

24 daß Hagel und Feuer untereinander fuhren, so grausam, daß desgleichen in ganz Ägyptenland nie gewesen war, seit der Zeit Leute drinnen gewesen sind.

25 Und der Hagel schlug in ganz Ägyptenland alles, was auf dem Felde war, beide Menschen und Vieh, und schlug alles Kraut auf dem Felde und zerbrach alle Bäume auf dem Felde.

26 Ohne allein im Lande Gosen, da die Kinder Israel waren, da hagelte es nicht.

27 Da schickte Pharao hin und ließ Mose und Aaron rufen und sprach zu ihnen: Ich habe dasmal mich versündiget; der HERR ist gerecht, ich aber und mein Volk sind Gottlose.

28 Bittet aber den HERRN, daß aufhöre solch Donnern und Hageln Gottes, so will ich euch lassen, daß ihr nicht länger hie bleibet.

29 Mose sprach zu ihm: Wenn ich zur Stadt hinaus komme, will ich meine Hände ausbreiten gegen den HERRN, so wird der Donner aufhören, und kein Hagel mehr sein, auf daß du inne werdest, daß die Erde des HERRN sei.

30 Ich weiß aber, daß du und deine Knechte euch noch nicht fürchtet vor Gott dem HERRN.

31 Also ward geschlagen der Flachs und die Gerste; denn die Gerste hatte geschosset und der Flachs Knoten gewonnen.

32 Aber der Weizen und Roggen ward nicht geschlagen, denn es war spät Getreide.

33 So ging nun Mose von Pharao zur Stadt hinaus und breitete seine Hände gegen den HERRN, und der Donner und Hagel höreten auf, und der Regen troff nicht mehr auf Erden.

34 Da aber Pharao sah, daß der Regen und Donner und Hagel aufhörete, versündigte er sich weiter und verhärtete sein Herz, er und seine Knechte.

35 Also ward des Pharao Herz verstockt, daß er die Kinder Israel nicht ließ, wie denn der HERR geredet hatte durch Mose.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 7533

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7533. 'And Jehovah made Pharaoh's heart unyielding' means that they remained obstinate. This is clear from the meaning of 'the heart being made unyielding', 'hardened', and 'stubborn' as obstinacy, dealt with in 7272, 7300, 7305. When it says that Jehovah made his heart unyielding the meaning in the internal sense is not that Jehovah but that they themselves made their heart unyielding, that is, remained obstinate. For the evil present with a person is what makes him unyielding or obstinately opposed to Divine things. Such evil comes out of the person himself; and it enters him from hell, not from heaven. Nothing but good can enter him from the Lord by way of heaven; evil cannot emanate from good, still less from Goodness itself. Evil emanates from origins of its own, that is to say, from the opposites of love to God and love towards the neighbour. Such origins reside with man, not at all with God. From this it is evident that when it states in the Word that God causes something bad to happen, it is a statement made in accordance with outward appearances. But for more on these matters see 2447, 6991, 6997.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 6997

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6997. 'And the anger of Jehovah was kindled against Moses' means leniency. This is clear from the meaning of 'the anger of Jehovah' as not anger but the opposite of anger, which is mercy or in this instance leniency. The absence of any anger in Jehovah is evident from the consideration that He is love itself, goodness itself, and mercy itself, while anger is the opposite and is also a failing, which is inapplicable to God. For this reason when anger in the Word is attributed to Jehovah or the Lord, the angels do not discern anger but either mercy or the removal of the wicked from heaven. Here they discern leniency because what is said is addressed to Moses, who represents the Lord when He was in the world in respect of Divine Truth.

[2] The Word attributes anger to Jehovah or the Lord because of the very general truth that all things come from God, thus the bad as well as the good. But this very general truth, which young children, older ones, and simple people need to have, must at a later stage be clarified. That is to say, it must be shown that bad things are assignable to man, though they may seem to be assignable to God, and have been declared to be so to the end that people may learn to fear God, so as not to be destroyed by wicked things they themselves do, and may then come to love Him. Fear must come before love in order that love may have holy fear within it; for when fear is instilled into love that fear is made holy by the holiness of love. Once it is made holy it is not a fear that the Lord will be angry and punish them, but a fear that they may act contrary to Goodness itself; for to do that will torment their conscience.

[3] Furthermore it was by means of punishments that the Israelites and the Jews were compelled to fulfill the external and formal requirements of religious laws and commands. This led them to think that Jehovah was angry and punished them, when in fact they themselves through their idolatrous behaviour were the ones who brought such things upon themselves and cut themselves off from heaven. Their own behaviour brought about their punishments, as it also says in Isaiah,

Your iniquities cause division between you and your God; and your sins hide [His] face from you. Isaiah 59:1.

And since the Israelites and the Jews were confined to the fulfillment of external requirements and knew nothing internal they continued to believe that Jehovah was angry and punished them. For people who concern themselves only with things of an external nature but not with anything internal do everything out of fear and nothing out of love.

[4] From all this one may now see what 'the anger' and 'the wrath' of Jehovah are used to mean in the Word, namely punishments, as in Isaiah,

Behold, the name of Jehovah comes from afar, burning with His anger, and the heaviness of the burden. His lips are full of indignation, and His tongue like a burning fire. Isaiah 30:27.

'Anger' stands for reproof, and for a warning in order that evils may not destroy them. In the same prophet,

In an overflowing of anger I hid My face from you for a moment. Isaiah 54:8.

'An overflowing of anger' stands for temptation, during which evils bring pain and torment. In Jeremiah,

I Myself will fight with you with an outstretched hand and a strong arm, and in anger, and in fury, and in great indignation. Lest My fury go forth like fire, and burn so that there is none to quench it because of the wickedness of your works. Jeremiah 21:5, 12.

In the same prophet,

. . . to fill those places with the corpses of people whom I smote in My anger and in My wrath. Jeremiah 33:5.

In Zephaniah,

I will pour out onto them My indignation, all My fierce anger, 1 for in the fire of My zeal the whole earth will be devoured. Zephaniah 3:8.

In David,

He let loose on them His fierce anger, 2 indignation, fury, distress, and a mission of evil angels. Psalms 78:49.

[5] In addition to these there are many other places in which, as in these, 'anger , 'wrath', 'fury', and 'fire' are used to mean states of punishment or damnation into which a person casts himself when he enters into evil ways. For it is in keeping with Divine order that rewards should go with ways that are good, and therefore that punishments should go with those that are evil, so much so that they are bound up in one another. Punishment and damnation are also meant by the day of Jehovah's anger in Isaiah 13:9, 17; Lamentations 2:1; Zephaniah 2:3; Revelation 6:17; 11:18; also by the wine of God's anger and the cup of God's anger in Jeremiah 25:15, 28; Revelation 14:10; 16:19; as well as by the winepress of God's anger and fury in Revelation 14:19; 19:15.

[6] The fact that punishment and damnation are meant by 'anger' is also evident in Matthew,

Brood of vipers, who has shown you to flee from the anger to come? Matthew 3:7.

In John,

He who does not believe in the Son will not see life, but the anger of God rests upon him. John 3:36.

In Luke,

In the final period there will be great distress over the earth, and anger on that people. Luke 21:23.

From these places it is evident that 'the anger of Jehovah' means forms of punishment and damnation. The reason why 'anger' is used to mean leniency and mercy is that all forms of punishment that the evil suffer arise because of the Lord's mercy shown towards the good to protect them from harm done by the evil. Yet the Lord does not inflict punishments on the evil; rather, it is they who inflict them on themselves since evils and forms of punishment in the next life are bound up with one another. The evil especially inflict punishments on themselves when the Lord acts mercifully towards the good, for at such times the evils and the resulting punishments are on the increase in them. This explains why instead of 'the anger of Jehovah', which means forms of punishment suffered by the evil, angels understand mercy.

[7] From all this one may recognize what the Word in the sense of the letter is like and also what God's truth in its most general form is like - that it presents matters in ways that accord with outward appearances. The reason for this is that man is by nature such that he believes what he can see and apprehend with his senses, but does not believe and for that reason does not accept what he cannot see or apprehend with his senses. This is why the Word in the sense of the letter presents matters in accordance with outward appearances; nevertheless it has genuine truths concealed in its more internal recesses, while in its inmost recesses it conceals God's truth itself going forth directly from the Lord, and so Divine Good, which is the Lord Himself.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, all the wrath of My anger

2. literally, the wrath of His anger

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.