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2 Mose 12

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1 Der HERR aber sprach zu Mose und Aaron in Ägyptenland:

2 Dieser Mond soll bei euch der erste Mond sein; und von ihm sollt ihr die Monde des Jahrs anheben.

3 Saget der ganzen Gemeine Israel und sprechet: Am zehnten Tage dieses Monden nehme ein jeglicher ein Lamm, wo ein Hausvater ist, je ein Lamm zu einem Hause!

4 Wo ihrer aber in einem Hause zum Lamm zu wenig sind, so nehme er's und sein nächster Nachbar an seinem Hause, bis ihrer so viel wird, daß sie das Lamm aufessen mögen.

5 Ihr sollt aber ein solch Lamm nehmen, da kein Fehl an ist, ein Männlein und eines Jahrs alt; von den Lämmern und Ziegen sollt ihr's nehmen.

6 Und sollt es behalten bis auf den vierzehnten Tag des Monden. Und ein jegliches Häuflein im ganzen Israel soll es schlachten zwischen Abends.

7 Und sollt seines Bluts nehmen und beide Pfosten an der Tür und die oberste Schwelle damit bestreichen an den Häusern, da sie es innen essen.

8 Und sollt also Fleisch essen in derselben Nacht, am Feuer gebraten, und ungesäuert Brot, und sollt es mit bittern Salsen essen.

9 Ihr sollt es nicht roh essen, noch mit Wasser gesotten, sondern am Feuer gebraten, sein Haupt mit seinen Schenkeln und Eingeweide.

10 Und sollt nichts davon überlassen bis morgen; wo aber etwas überbleibet bis morgen, sollt ihr's mit Feuer verbrennen.

11 Also sollt ihr's aber essen: Um eure Lenden sollt ihr gegürtet sein und eure Schuhe an euren Füßen haben und Stäbe in euren Händen, und sollt es essen, als die hinwegeilen; denn es ist des HERRN Passah.

12 Denn ich will in derselbigen Nacht durch Ägyptenland gehen und alle Erstgeburt schlagen in Ägyptenland, beide unter Menschen und Vieh. Und will meine Strafe beweisen an allen Göttern der Ägypter, ich, der HERR.

13 Und das Blut soll euer Zeichen sein an den Häusern, darin ihr seid, daß, wenn ich das Blut sehe, vor euch übergehe, und euch nicht die Plage widerfahre, die euch verderbe, wenn ich Ägyptenland schlage.

14 Und sollt diesen Tag haben zum Gedächtnis und sollt ihn feiern dem HERRN zum Fest, ihr und alle eure Nachkommen, zur ewigen Weise.

15 Sieben Tage sollt ihr ungesäuert Brot essen; nämlich am ersten Tage sollt ihr aufhören mit gesäuertem Brot in euren Häusern. Wer gesäuert Brot isset vom ersten Tage an, bis auf den siebenten, des Seele soll ausgerottet werden von Israel.

16 Der erste Tag soll heilig sein, daß ihr zusammenkommet; und der siebente soll auch heilig sein, daß ihr zusammenkommet. Keine Arbeit sollt ihr drinnen tun, ohne was zur Speise gehöret für allerlei Seelen, dasselbe allein möget ihr für euch tun.

17 Und haltet ob dem ungesäuerten Brot, denn eben an demselben Tage habe ich euer Heer aus Ägyptenland geführet; darum sollt ihr diesen Tag halten und alle eure Nachkommen zur ewigen Weise.

18 Am vierzehnten Tage des ersten Monden, des Abends, sollt ihr ungesäuert Brot essen, bis an den einundzwanzigsten Tag des Monden an dem Abend,

19 daß man sieben Tage kein gesäuert Brot finde in euren Häusern. Denn wer gesäuert Brot isset, des Seele soll ausgerottet werden von der Gemeinde Israel, es sei ein Fremdling oder Einheimischer im Lande.

20 Darum so esset kein gesäuert Brot, sondern eitel ungesäuert Brot in allen euren Wohnungen.

21 Und Mose forderte alle Ältesten in Israel und sprach zu ihnen: Leset aus und nehmet Schafe jedermann für sein Gesinde und schlachtet das Passah.

22 Und nehmet ein Büschel Ysop und tunket in das Blut in dem Becken und berühret damit die Überschwelle und die zween Pfosten. Und gehe kein Mensch zu seiner Haustür heraus bis an den Morgen.

23 Denn der, HERR wird umhergehen und die Ägypter plagen. Und wenn er das Blut sehen wird an der Überschwelle und an den zween Pfosten, wird er vor der Tür übergehen und den Verderber nicht in eure Häuser kommen lassen zu plagen.

24 Darum so halte diese Weise für dich und deine Kinder ewiglich.

25 Und wenn ihr ins Land kommet, das euch der HERR geben wird, wie er geredet hat, so haltet diesen Dienst.

26 Und wenn eure Kinder werden zu euch sagen: Was habt ihr da für einen Dienst?

27 sollt ihr sagen: Es ist das Passahopfer des HERRN, der vor den Kindern Israel überging in Ägypten, da er die Ägypter plagte und unsere Häuser errettete. Da neigte sich das Volk und bückte sich.

28 Und die Kinder Israel gingen hin und taten, wie der HERR Mose und Aaron geboten hätte.

29 Und zur Mitternacht schlug der HERR alle Erstgeburt in Ägyptenland, von dem ersten Sohn Pharaos an, der auf seinem Stuhl saß, bis auf den ersten Sohn des Gefangenen im Gefängnis, und alle Erstgeburt des Viehes.

30 Da stand Pharao auf und alle seine Knechte in derselben Nacht und alle Ägypter, und ward ein groß Geschrei in Ägypten; denn es war kein Haus, da nicht ein Toter innen wäre.

31 Und er forderte Mose und Aaron in der Nacht und sprach: Machet euch auf und ziehet aus von meinem Volk, ihr und die Kinder Israel; gehet hin und dienet dem HERRN, wie ihr gesagt habt.

32 Nehmet auch mit euch eure Schafe und Rinder, wie ihr gesagt habt; gehet hin und segnet mich auch.

33 Und die Ägypter drungen das Volk, daß sie es eilend aus dem Lande trieben; denn sie sprachen: Wir sind alle des Todes.

34 Und das Volk trug den rohen Teig, ehe denn er versäuert war, zu ihrer Speise, gebunden in ihren Kleidern, auf ihren Achseln.

35 Und die Kinder Israel hatten getan, wie Mose gesagt hatte, und von den Ägyptern gefordert silberne und güldene Geräte und Kleider.

36 Dazu hatte der HERR dem Volk Gnade gegeben vor den Ägyptern, daß sie ihnen leiheten; und entwandten es den Ägyptern.

37 Also zogen aus die Kinder Israel von Raemses gen Suchoth, sechshunderttausend Mann zu Fuß ohne die Kinder.

38 Und zog auch mit ihnen viel Pöbelvolk und Schafe und Rinder und fast viel Viehes.

39 Und sie buken aus dem rohen Teige, den sie aus Ägypten brachten, ungesäuerte Kuchen; denn es war nicht gesäuert, weil sie aus Ägypten gestoßen wurden, und konnten nicht verziehen und hatten ihnen sonst keine Zehrung zubereitet.

40 Die Zeit aber, die die Kinder Israel in Ägypten gewohnet haben, ist vierhundertunddreißig Jahre.

41 Da dieselben um waren, ging das ganze Heer des HERRN auf einen Tag aus Ägyptenland.

42 Darum wird diese Nacht dem HERRN gehalten, daß er sie aus Ägyptenland geführet hat; und die Kinder Israel sollen sie dem HERRN halten, sie und ihre Nachkommen.

43 Und der HERR sprach zu Mose und Aaron: Dies ist die Weise, Passah zu halten: Kein Fremder soll davon essen.

44 Aber wer ein erkaufter Knecht ist, den beschneide man, und dann esse er davon.

45 Ein Hausgenoß und Mietling sollen nicht davon essen.

46 In einem Hause soll man's essen; ihr sollt nichts von seinem Fleisch hinaus vor das Haus tragen; und sollt kein Bein an ihm zerbrechen.

47 Die ganze Gemeine Israel soll solches tun.

48 So aber ein Fremdling bei dir wohnet und dem HERRN das Passah halten will, der beschneide alles, was männlich ist; als dann mache er sich herzu, daß er solches tue, und sei wie ein Einheimischer des Landes; denn kein Unbeschnittener soll davon essen.

49 Einerlei Gesetz sei dem Einheimischen und dem Fremdling, der unter euch wohnet.

50 Und alle Kinder Israel taten, wie der HERR Mose und Aaron hatte geboten.

51 Also führete der HERR auf einen Tag die Kinder Israel aus Ägyptenland mit ihrem Heer.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 7989

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7989. A night of watches is this to Jehovah. That this signifies the presence of the Lord with those who are in truth and good, and with those who are in evil and thence in mere falsity, is evident from the signification of “night,” as being a state of damnation (see n. 7851); and from the signification of the “watches to Jehovah,” as being the presence of the Lord and thence protection; for by the presence of the Lord those are enlightened who are in good and thence in truth, and those are made blind who are in evil and thence in falsity; and also by the presence of the Lord those are brought out from damnation who are to be raised into heaven, for they are withheld from evil and are kept in good, and this by a strong force from the Lord; and by the presence of the Lord those also who are to be cast down into hell are brought into damnation, for according to the degree of the Lord’s presence they are in evil (n. 7926,7643). Hence then it is that this state and this time are called “a night of watches to Jehovah.” The presence of the Lord is described in what follows by the pillar of cloud by day and the pillar of fire by night, to lead them (Exodus 13:21); and His presence both with those who were in good and truth, and with those who were in evil and falsity, is described by that pillar interposing itself between the camp of Israel and the camp of the Egyptians, and that when Jehovah looked forth from it to the camp of the Egyptians, the Egyptians were immersed in the sea Suph (Exodus 14:19-20, 24-27).

  
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Arcana Coelestia # 7643

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7643. Behold tomorrow I bring the locust into thy border. That this signifies that falsity will take possession of their extremes, 1 is evident from the signification of “the locust,” as being falsities in the extremes (of which below); from the signification of “border,” as being the extremes; and from the signification of “bringing,” because predicated of falsity, as being to take possession of. It is said that “Jehovah will bring,” but thereby is meant that it will be brought, that is, by evil. The case is the same here as when it is attributed to Jehovah (that is, to the Lord) that He made heavy Pharaoh’s heart, when yet this is from man, from his evil in him, as shown above (n. 7632). That evil is not from the Lord, but that it arises from man, is because man turns to himself that good which flows in from the Lord, and instead of regarding the Lord and what is of the Lord in all things, he regards himself. Hence comes the concupiscence of reigning over all, and of possessing all that belongs to others; and hence come contempt for others, and hatred, revenge, and cruelty toward those who do not favor and be friendly to one’s self; hence also comes contempt for all things that are of faith and charity, because when these flow in from the Lord they are turned to self, thus away from the Lord.

[2] From all this it can be seen that man turns into evil the very good which flows in from the Lord. From this also it is that the evil in the other life remove as far as possible from heaven; for when heaven comes near them, that is, when good and truth flow in more strongly, they then rush the more strongly into the opposite, that is, into evil and falsity; and in the degree that evil and falsity increase, they expel truth from themselves, and devastate themselves; and then also in the same degree they rush into the evils of penalty, for in the other life evils and their penalties are joined together.

[3] The Lord is continually bringing the heavens into order, and is constantly receiving new residents of heaven, to whom He gives dwelling places and inheritances; and when He does this, heaven approaches, that is, flows in more strongly, causing the infernal spirits to rush more strongly into evils and falsities, and into the penalties of these; and in consequence of this rushing into evils and falsities, they as before said vastate themselves; and this does not cease with them until they have completely devastated themselves, and cast themselves deeply into the hells. From all this it can be seen that nothing else than good proceeds from the Lord, and that the evil is from those themselves who are in evil. All this shows how is to be understood what is said of Jehovah (that is, of the Lord), that “He made heavy Pharaoh’s heart,” and here that “He brings the locust,” by which is signified falsity from evil in the extremes.

[4] In the Word, where the vastation of the evil is treated of, mention is sometimes made of the “locust” and of the “caterpillar,” and by the “locust” in the internal sense is there meant the falsity which vastates the extremes. For as before shown, the natural with man is interior and exterior; the falsity which is in the extremes of the natural, being meant by the “locust,” and the evil therein by the “caterpillar.” As by the “locust” is meant the falsity which is in the extremes of the natural, therefore it is said that the locust would be brought “into the border,” and would “cover the surface of the earth;” and afterward (verse 14), “the locust went up upon the land of Egypt, and rested in all the border of Egypt, and it covered the surface of the whole land.” By the “border” and by the “surface” are signified the extremes and ultimates in which the interiors rest, that is, terminate.

[5] The same is meant by the “locust” and the “caterpillar” in David:

He sent among them swarms, which consumed them; and the frog, which destroyed them; and He gave their produce to the caterpillar, and their labor to the locust (Psalms 78:45-46).

He said that the locust should come, and the caterpillar, so that there was no number (Psalms 105:34).

These things are said of Egypt, and the “caterpillar” is mentioned, although there is no mention made of it in Moses, but only of the “locust.” The reason why the “caterpillar” also is mentioned, is that by it is signified evil; and by the “locust” falsity; each in the extremes of the natural. But when the “locust” alone is mentioned, it signifies both falsity and evil together, for the “locust” denotes falsity from evil.

[6] In Nahum:

There shall the fire devour thee, the sword shall cut thee off, it shall devour thee like the caterpillar; multiply thyself like the caterpillar, multiply thyself like the locust. Thou hast multiplied thy merchants above the stars of the heavens; the caterpillar hath spread himself, and hath flown away. Thy crowned ones are as the locust, thy commanders are as the locust of the locusts (Nah. 3:15-17).

The subject here treated of is the “city of bloods,” by which is signified the doctrine of falsity; and because falsity and evil are especially multiplied in the extremes of the natural, for therein are the fallacies of the senses that originate from the objects of the world, and of the earth, and also pleasures from various kinds of appetites, therefore the multiplication of evil and falsity is also described by “the caterpillar and the locust,” as also in the book of Judges (6:5; 7:12), and in Jeremiah (46:23). (That the sensuous, which is the lowest of the natural, is very full of fallacies and the derivative falsities, see n. 5084, 5089, 5094, 6310, 6311, 6313, 6318, 6598, 6612, 6614, 6622, 6624, 6948, 6949.)

[7] In Joel:

That which the palmerworm hath left hath the locust devoured; and that which the locust hath left hath the cankerworm devoured; and that which the cankerworm hath left hath the caterpillar devoured. Awake, ye drunkards, and weep; and howl, all ye drinkers of wine, because of the new wine, in that it is cut off. For a nation will come up upon My land, strong, and without number, and will reduce My vine into a waste, and My fig-tree into froth (Joel 1:4-7).

The threshing floors are full of pure grain, and the vats overflow with new wine and oil; and I will compensate to you the years that the locust hath consumed, the cankerworm, the caterpillar, and the palmerworm (Joel 2:24-25); where the “locust” denotes falsity in the extremes vastating truths and goods.

In Moses:

Thou shalt bring out much seed into the field, but shalt gather little, because the locust shall consume it. Thou shalt plant vineyards, but thou shalt neither drink the wine, nor gather; for the worm shall devour it (Deuteronomy 28:38-39); where the “locust” denotes falsity from evil.

[8] In John:

Out of the smoke of the opened abyss there went forth locusts on the earth; and power was given them, as the scorpions of the earth have power; and it was said unto them that they should not hurt the grass of the earth, nor any tree, but only such men as had not the seal of God upon their foreheads; and it was given them that they should not kill them, but should torment them five months; and the shapes of the locusts were like unto horses prepared for war; and upon their heads were as it were crowns like gold, and their faces were as it were the faces of men; and they had hair as the hair of women; and their teeth were as the teeth of lions; and they had breastplates, as it were of iron; and the voice of their wings was as the voice of the chariots of many horses running to war; and they had tails like scorpions; and stings were in their tails, that they might hurt men five months. They have over them a king, the angel of the abyss, whose name in Hebrew is Abaddon, but in the Greek he hath the name Apollyon (Revelation 9:3-11);

what is signified by all these things no one can see except from the internal sense. From the details clearly seen therein according to the internal sense, it is evident that by “locusts” are there signified reasonings from fallacies and the falsities thence derived, also confirmed by philosophical things. Thus also by the “locusts” are signified the falsities which are in the extremes with man, and which are more earthly and corporeal than all other falsities; and by which man may be easily deceived and seduced, for he apprehends what is obvious to the senses, and with difficulty what is opposed to the senses.

[9] That it may be known that such is the signification of “locusts,” the contents of this passage may be set forth in detail. The “abyss out of which the locusts came up” denotes hell; the “grass of the earth which they were not to hurt” denotes memory-knowledge; the “tree” denotes the knowledges of good and truth; the “men” denote the affections of good; their “hurting these, and not the grass of the earth and the tree,” denotes that truth and good can be understood although the life is not in accordance therewith; “they who have the seal upon their foreheads” denotes those who have been regenerated; their “tormenting five months those who had not the seal of God upon their foreheads” denotes that they should vastate them; that “the locusts were like horses prepared for war,” denotes reasonings from falsities, whereby there is combat against the truths of the church; “crowns upon their heads like gold, and their faces as men’s faces,” denotes that the reasonings appear like truth, and as it were from good; “hair as of women, and teeth as the teeth of lions,” denotes the external things of the natural, that is, sensuous things, or the fallacies therein, which make an appearance of good; “breastplates of iron” denote external things which make an appearance of truth; “the voice of the wings like that of the chariots of many horses running to war,” denotes the falsities of doctrine from which and for which they fight; “tails like scorpions and stings in their tails” denote the harm which such things bring; the “king of the abyss” denotes infernal falsity; “Abaddon” denotes perdition; “Apollyon” denotes reasoning from falsities appearing as from truth, especially if by those who are believed wise it is confirmed by philosophical things wrongly applied, for the blind admiration of their wisdom leads to faith in them.

[10] By the “locust” in a good sense is signified ultimate and most general truth, and also its pleasantness; hence John’s food was “locusts and wild honey” (Matthew 3:4; Mark 1:6). These were his food for the reason that John represented the Word, and by his food, as also by his clothing which was of camel’s hair with a leathern girdle, he represented the Word in the external sense, for external pleasantness is signified by the “locust and wild honey” (see n. 5620); and external truth by the “garment of camel’s hair” and by the “leathern girdle” (n. 3301). Hence it is that by John is meant Elias, who was to come and announce the advent of the Lord. (That “Elias” denotes the Word, see the preface to the eighteenth chapter of Genesis, and n. 2762, 5247) That locusts are among the small animals to be eaten, see Leviticus 11:22.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. These “extremes” (Latin, extrema) are defined in n. 7693e as being sensuale hominis—“the sensuous of man,” which is the lowest part of his mind, and therefore is the extreme or extremity of it.—Reviser.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.