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Daniel 4

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1 König Nebukadnezar allen Völkern, Leuten und Zungen: Gott gebe euch viel Friede!

2 Ich sehe es für gut an, daß ich verkündige die Zeichen und Wunder, so Gott der Höchste an mir getan hat.

3 Denn seine Zeichen sind groß, und seine Wunder sind mächtig; und sein Reich ist ein ewiges Reich, und seine HERRSChaft währet für und für.

4 Ich, Nebukadnezar, da ich gute Ruhe hatte in meinem Hause, und es wohl stund auf meiner Burg,

5 sah ich einen Traum und erschrak, und die Gedanken, die ich auf meinem Bette hatte über dem Gesichte, so ich gesehen hatte, betrübten mich.

6 Und ich befahl, daß alle Weisen zu Babel vor mich heraufgebracht würden, daß sie mir sageten, was der Traum bedeutete.

7 Da brachte man herauf die Sternseher, Weisen, Chaldäer und Wahrsager, und ich erzählte den Traum vor ihnen; aber sie konnten mir nicht sagen, was er bedeutete,

8 bis zuletzt Daniel vor mich kam, welcher Beltsazar heißt, nach dem Namen meines Gottes, der den Geist der heiligen Götter hat. Und ich erzählte vor ihm den Traum:

9 Beltsazar, du Oberster unter den Sternsehern, welchen ich weiß, daß du den Geist der heiligen Götter hast und dir nichts verborgen ist, sage das Gesicht meines Traums, den ich gesehen habe, und was er bedeutet.

10 Dies ist aber das Gesicht, das ich gesehen habe auf meinem Bette: Siehe, es stund ein Baum mitten im Lande, der war sehr hoch,

11 groß und dick; seine Höhe reichte bis in Himmel und breitete sich aus bis ans Ende des ganzen Landes.

12 Seine Äste waren schön und trugen viel Früchte, davon alles zu essen hatte. Alle Tiere auf dem Felde fanden Schatten unter ihm, und die Vögel unter dem Himmel saßen auf seinen Ästen, und alles Fleisch nährete sich von ihm.

13 Und ich sah ein Gesicht auf meinem Bette, und siehe, ein heiliger Wächter fuhr vom Himmel herab,

14 der rief überlaut und sprach also: Hauet den Baum um und behauet ihm die Äste und streifet ihm das Laub ab und zerstreuet seine Früchte, daß die Tiere, so unter ihm liegen, weglaufen, und die Vögel von seinen Zweigen fliehen.

15 Doch laß den Stock mit seinen Wurzeln in der Erde bleiben; er aber soll in eisernen und ehernen Ketten auf dem Felde im Grase gehen; er soll unter dem Tau des Himmels liegen und naß werden und soll sich weiden mit den Tieren von den Kräutern der Erde.

16 Und das menschliche Herz soll von ihm genommen und ein viehisch Herz ihm gegeben werden, bis daß sieben Zeiten über ihm um sind.

17 Solches ist im Rat der Wächter beschlossen und im Gespräch der Heiligen beratschlaget, auf daß die Lebendigen erkennen, daß der Höchste Gewalt hat über der Menschen Königreiche und gibt sie, wem er will, und erhöhet die Niedrigen zu denselbigen.

18 Solchen Traum habe ich, König Nebukadnezar, gesehen. Du aber, Beltsazar, sage, was er bedeute; denn alle Weisen in meinem Königreich können mir nicht anzeigen, was er bedeute; du aber kannst es wohl, denn der Geist der heiligen Götter ist bei dir.

19 Da entsetzte sich Daniel, der sonst Beltsazar heißt, bei einer Stunde lang, und seine Gedanken betrübten ihn. Aber der König sprach: Beltsazar, laß dich den Traum und seine Deutung nicht betrüben! Beltsazar fing an und sprach: Ach, mein HERR, daß der Traum deinen Feinden und seine Deutung deinen Widerwärtigen gälte!

20 Der Baum, den du gesehen hast, daß er groß und dick war und seine Höhe an den Himmel reichte und breitete sich über das ganze Land,

21 und seine Äste schön und seiner Früchte viel, davon alles zu essen hatte, und die Tiere auf dem Felde unter ihm wohneten, und die Vögel des Himmels auf seinen Ästen saßen:

22 das bist du, König der du so groß und mächtig bist; denn deine Macht ist groß und reichet an den Himmel, und deine Gewalt langet bis an der Welt Ende.

23 Daß aber der König einen heiligen Wächter gesehen hat vom Himmel herabfahren und sagen: Hauet den Baum um und verderbet ihn, doch den Stock mit seinen Wurzeln laßt in der Erde bleiben; er aber soll in eisernen und ehernen Ketten auf dem Felde im Grase gehen und unter dem Tau des Himmels liegen und naß werden und sich mit den Tieren auf dem Felde weiden, bis über ihm sieben Zeiten um sind:

24 das ist die Deutung, HERR König, und solcher Rat des Höchsten gehet über meinen HERRN König.

25 Man wird dich von den Leuten verstoßen, und mußt bei den Tieren auf dem Felde bleiben; und man wird dich Gras essen lassen wie die Ochsen; und wirst unter dem Tau des Himmels liegen und naß werden, bis über dir sieben Zeiten um sind, auf daß du erkennest, daß der Höchste Gewalt hat über der Menschen Königreiche und gibt sie, wem er will.

26 Daß aber gesagt ist, man solle dennoch den Stock mit seinen Wurzeln des Baums bleiben lassen: dein Königreich soll dir bleiben, wenn du erkannt hast die Gewalt im Himmel.

27 Darum, HERR König, laß dir meinen Rat gefallen und mache dich los von deinen Sünden durch Gerechtigkeit und ledig von deiner Missetat durch Wohltat an den Armen, so wird er Geduld haben mit deinen Sünden.

28 Dies alles widerfuhr dem Könige Nebukadnezar.

29 Denn nach zwölf Monden, da der König auf der königlichen Burg zu Babel ging,

30 hub er an und sprach: Das ist die große Babel, die ich erbauet habe zum königlichen Hause durch meine große Macht, zu Ehren meiner HERRLIchkeit.

31 Ehe der König diese Worte ausgeredet hatte, fiel eine Stimme vom Himmel: Dir, König Nebukadnezar, wird gesagt: Dein Königreich soll dir genommen werden,

32 und man wird dich von den Leuten verstoßen, und sollst bei den Tieren, so auf dem Felde gehen, bleiben; Gras wird man dich essen lassen, wie Ochsen, bis daß über dir sieben Zeiten um sind, auf daß du erkennest, daß der Höchste Gewalt hat über der Menschen Königreiche und gibt sie, wem er will.

33 Von Stund an ward das Wort vollbracht über Nebukadnezar, und er ward von den Leuten verstoßen und er aß Gras wie Ochsen, und sein Leib lag unter dem Tau des Himmels und ward naß, bis sein Haar wuchs, so groß als Adlersfedern, und seine Nägel wie Vogelklauen wurden.

34 Nach dieser Zeit hub ich, Nebukadnezar, meine Augen auf gen Himmel und kam wieder zur Vernunft und lobte den Höchsten. Ich preisete und ehrete den, so ewiglich lebet, des Gewalt ewig ist und sein Reich für und für währet,

35 gegen welchen alle, so auf Erden wohnen, als nichts zu rechnen sind. Er macht es, wie er will, beide, mit den Kräften im Himmel und mit denen, so auf Erden wohnen; und niemand kann seiner Hand wehren noch zu ihm sagen: Was machst du?

36 Zur selbigen Zeit kam ich wieder zur Vernunft, auch zu meinen königlichen Ehren, zu meiner HERRLIchkeit und zu meiner Gestalt. Und meine Räte und Gewaltigen suchten mich; und ward wieder in mein Königreich gesetzt; und ich überkam noch größere HERRLIchkeit.

37 Darum lobe ich, Nebukadnezar, und ehre und preise den König vom Himmel. Denn all sein Tun ist Wahrheit, und seine Wege sind recht; und wer stolz ist, den kann er demütigen.

   

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Nebuchadnezzar's Second Dream

Napsal(a) Andy Dibb

Floor mosaic of a the Tree of Life (as a pomegranite) from the Big Basilica at Heraclea Lyncestis. Bitola, Macedonia.

In the Book of Daniel, Chapter Four is narrated, after the events of the chapter, by a much-changed Nebuchadnezzar. In the internal sense, the story shows both the Lord's mercy in leading us, and also the depths of despair to which we sink before we willingly open our minds to the Lord and pray for His leadership.

At the beginning of the story, Nebuchadnezzar's idleness imitates the sense of complacency when things seem to be going right, when no temptations darken our skies, and essential selfishness asserts itself once again. Our mind is its house, its palace. We come into this state after a temptation or battle against our sense of selfishness, when we put the struggle aside and rest on our laurels. We are oblivious to the fact that regeneration is an ongoing state, that one temptation succeeds another, and that once conscience has been established in our thought processes, it will not be too long before the lethargy of selfishness is challenged.

While Nebuchadnezzar was at rest in his house, he had a disturbing dream, one unknown to him. As before when he did not understand his dreams, he called the magicians, the astrologers, the Chaldeans and the soothsayers, who, once again, could not interpret the dream.

Often we feel that we face the same temptations over and over again. We might wonder if we will ever regenerate. This is because we fall into a state of selfishness, represented by the king at rest. But when we encounter resistance to that selfishness, we turn back to all our old thought patterns to help us.

Eventually, Nebuchadnezzar called Daniel to tell him his dream. As he recounts the story after the seven years of illness, he uses the words he had spoken before. He addresses Daniel as Belteshazzar, because that is how he saw him before the temptation. Even so, he recognized the presence of the Spirit of the Holy God within him, acknowledging Daniel's power to explain dreams and give interpretations.

The king's second dream took the image of a great tree, planted in the earth, so high it could be seen from the ends of the earth. This parallels the image of the great statue, whose head was gold. As we saw earlier, this image represents the initial state of perfection, followed by a decline as a person turns away from this ideal. The statue shows how self love takes dominance in our lives if unchecked, and brings us into a final state of spiritual destruction.

In this new dream, the tree in the midst of the earth is a reference to the Tree of Life in the midst of the Garden of Eden. Both trees symbolize wisdom. The Tree of Life represented the perception the Most Ancient people had from love (Arcana Coelestia 103), but Nebuchadnezzar's tree is from the love of self and the different perceptions people have when motivated by that love (Apocalypse Explained 1029:6).

But when Nebuchadnezzar saw the tree in his dream, it was lovely. Everything in the dream which normally has a good and beautiful significance, instead takes on a negative meaning. The leaves and flowers, which should have been a picture of guiding truths (Arcana Coelestia 9553), represent the opposite, as the falsities which mislead us. We saw how the king called his false guides: the magicians, soothsayers, astrologers, and Chaldeans.

The birds represent the false thoughts from selfishness (Arcana Coelestia 5149). These give credence to selfishness, to justify it and find new ways to express it. So the tree takes on an intellectual picture of the selfish mind. But the mind is made up of both intellect and emotion. There were also beasts sheltering under the tree representing the things we care about.

When selfishness rules in us, just as Nebuchadnezzar ruled Babylon, all the lesser loves take their cue from this leading love. Thus the beasts of the field, were drawn to the tree for food and shelter.

After this scene is set, Nebuchadnezzar sees "a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven." The introduction of the indescribable watcher is the turning point in the dream, marking the beginning of the end for this marvel reaching up to heaven.

In a state of selfishness, we are spiritually asleep, just as Nebuchadnezzar was asleep when he dreamed. But the Lord never sleeps. Truth in our minds is always vigilant, looking for ways of bringing itself to our consciousness to lead us out of our selfish state. Just as everything seemed right in Nebuchadnezzar's world, he became aware of a watcher—the truth.

In an instant, the king's serenity was changed: a force greater than himself commanded the destruction of the tree, and there was nothing he could do about it. These words make it clear just how vulnerable our selfish states are. At their height, they seem so powerful, but in the face of truth they are shown for the sordid little nothings they are. Truth has the power to expose evil, and we should not be afraid to allow it to do so in our own lives. To stand indicted of selfishness is not the end of life, as it may feel, but the beginning of a new life of liberation.

But we still need some sense of self. There is nothing wrong with being concerned with our own well-being; it is vital to our lives. Selfishness is a part of us, but it needs to be kept under control, subordinated to the higher loves of serving the Lord and our neighbor.

This is why the watcher did not order the complete destruction of the tree: the stump is all that is left of a rampant selfishness, the bands of iron and brass represent thoughts and feelings which originate in selfishness, which can be used to keep it under control (Apocalypse Explained 650:32).

Finally, with the tree destroyed, Nebuchadnezzar himself had to be changed. The watcher commanded that the king is given the heart of an animal for seven years. In substance abuse recovery programs, it is said that an addict cannot change until they hit rock-bottom—when they realize the full necessity of change. In spiritual life, this rock bottom is a point at which we almost lose our humanity, we are so dominated by selfishness, greed and the lust of dominion that we lose our ability to think rationally. We become animals. The difference between humans and animals is our ability to think and act in freedom. Self-love destroys that freedom, thus destroying all humanity within us.

In this prophesy, we see a descent: from man, to beast, to ox. People are human because they are created in the image and likeness of the Lord. Thus human beings have the ability to think and act according to reason. This is the essence of our humanity (Arcana Coelestia 477, 2305, 4051, 585, 1555). When these are in tune with truth and goodness from the Lord, then we are truly human, because the image of the Lord is in us.

So again, we see this slide from an ideal to a lesser state: from man, the king became a beast. From rationality and freedom, he entered slavery. This fall appears earlier in the Word: when Adam and Eve sinned in the Garden of Eden, they were cast out.

Finally he was told that he would eat grass like oxen. In a positive sense, oxen represent our affections (Arcana Coelestia 5198, 5642, 6357), or our love of the things of this world. But the opposite meaning of 'ox' is the perversion of goodness (Arcana Coelestia 9083), and the affection for injuring others (Arcana Coelestia 9094).

This humbling of the king represents the proper use of the love of self, and shows that the Lord does not eradicate it, because it is the foundation of true relationships with other people and the Lord Himself. But before it can become useful, selfishness needs to be converted into a humbled love of self, and we must return from the ox state.

As Daniel explained the meaning of the dream, he offered the king counsel: 'break off your sins by being righteous, and your iniquities by showing mercy to the poor.' This is the next step in spiritual awareness. Seeing our selfishness, coupled with an increased awareness of the Lord, we reach the point where thoughts must become actions. At first glance, the concept of 'sins and iniquities' may seem redundant. But in the Word, pairs of synonymous words reflect two internal senses: the celestial and the spiritual (Doctrine of the Sacred Scripture 80). The celestial relates broadly to goodness, and the spiritual to truth. Together they make one.

Daniel's advice to Nebuchadnezzar is to repent. Repentance is the only way out of the quicksand of selfishness. The Lord taught that we should love one another as He loves us (John 13:34, John 15:12). To love ourselves alone, and to wish to control others is not in keeping with the Lord's teachings. The only solution is to listen to the voice of our conscience and allow ourselves to be guided by the truth.

In spite of everything, Nebuchadnezzar's pride was not reduced. As he walked around his palace, his heart was filled with pride: 'is not this great Babylon, that I have built for a royal dwelling by my mighty power and for the honor of my majesty?'

A selfish person believes that everything they own or have accomplished is by their own power. There is no place for God or anyone else. When people do not listen to the Lord's teachings and reject His counsel, there is nothing the Lord can do but allow the person to reap the consequences of their choice.

The king remained in this ox-state until seven times passed over him, which illustrates that the Lord leaves us in this state until it runs its course. Sometimes it takes us a lifetime to see how our selfishness hurts others, and ourselves. Yet the Lord never leaves us. The promise of the root of the tree, bound with bands of iron and bronze is always there. The Lord works unceasingly to bring our selfishness under control until it can serve the higher loves of our neighbor and the Lord Himself.

Forgiveness begins in the recognition that we are in sin. In his ox-like state, Nebuchadnezzar lifted his eyes to heaven. Eyes represent understanding (Arcana Coelestia 2975, 3863), and to lift them to heaven is to lift our understanding to the truths the Lord has given us. The king had been given some truths in his dreams and in the interpretation of them. He knew from Daniel's advice that he needed to repent and change his ways. As he did so, his understanding and appreciation of the Lord grew. He realized how small he was in the grand scheme of things. The inflated ego of selfishness was deflated by the recognition that all things had been given to him by the Lord.

His story is our story. We each build our empires in one way or another. We hold the power of life and death over others in a figurative sense—do we not decide who we like and dislike, who is admitted out our 'inner circle' and who is beyond the pale? The warnings the Lord gave to Nebuchadnezzar apply to us, and like the king, we can also ignore them. The consequences in our lives are the same, as we are reduced to a merely animal-being, wet with the dew of heaven.

Yet can we hear the Lord's voice calling, for unless we do, we will remain in that state. Can we lift our eyes to heaven and search for the truth leading to the greatest declaration one can make, provided it is done with the heart and not with the lips:

Now I … praise and extol and honor the king of heaven, all of whose works are truth, and his ways justice. And those who walk in pride He is able to abase.

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Arcana Coelestia # 5198

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5198. 'Seven cows were coming up' means the truths belonging to the natural. This is clear from the meaning of 'cows' as the truths belonging to the natural, dealt with below. The reason there were seven is that 'seven' means that which is holy, 395, 433, 716, and therefore this number contributes to any matter under consideration the idea of holiness, dealt with in 881. The matter under consideration here is likewise of a holy nature since it concerns a further rebirth of the natural through the joining of this to the celestial of the spiritual. As regards 'cows' or 'young cows' meaning the truths belonging to the natural, this becomes clear from the fact that 'bulls' and 'young bulls' mean forms of good belonging to the natural, 2180, 2566, 2781, 2830. For in the Word, when a male means good, its female means truth, and conversely when the male means truth its female means good, so that 'a cow' means some truth belonging to the natural, because 'a bull' means some form of good belonging to it.

[2] All beasts without exception that are mentioned in the Word mean affections, evil and useless beasts meaning evil affections, gentle and useful ones meaning good affections, see 45, 46, 142, 143, 246, 714, 715, 719, 776, 1823, 2179, 2180, 3218, 3519. The reason why they have such a meaning lies in the representations that occur in the world of spirits, for whenever a discussion about affections is taking place in heaven, beasts corresponding to affections of the kind under discussion are represented in the world of spirits, as I have also been allowed quite often to see. On several occasions I have wondered about the origin of that phenomenon, but have been led to perceive that the lives led by beasts are nothing else than affections; for they respond instinctively, devoid of reason, to their innate affections and are led by these to fulfill their specific functions. No other physical forms are suited to these affections devoid of reason than the kinds in which they are seen on earth. This explains why, when the discussion in heaven is about affections alone, the ultimate forms that those affections take in the world of spirits are the same in appearance as the physical forms of such beasts; for those affections cannot be clothed with any other forms than ones such as correspond to them. I have also seen beasts, the like of which do not appear anywhere at all in the natural world. They were the forms taken by affections that are not known and by affections that are mingled together.

[3] Here then is the reason why in the Word affections are meant by 'beasts', though which particular affections are meant cannot be seen from anywhere else than the internal sense. 'Bulls' means the good belonging to the natural, as may be seen in the paragraphs listed above; and as for the meaning of 'cows' as the truths belonging to the natural, this becomes clear from other places where they are referred to, such as Isaiah 11:7; Hosea 4:16; Amos 4:1, as well as from the reference in Numbers 19:2-10 to the water of separation by which they were to be made clean and which was prepared from the red cow burned to ashes outside the camp, with which cedar wood was mixed, hyssop, and twice-dyed scarlet. When the meaning of this procedure is disclosed with the help of the internal sense, it shows that 'the red cow', meaning unclean truth within the natural, is made clean by 'burning', and also by the kinds of things meant by 'cedar wood, hyssop, and twice-dyed scarlet'. The water prepared by that process represented the means of purification.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.