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Richter 4

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1 Und die Kinder Israel taten wiederum, was böse war in den Augen Jehovas; und Ehud war gestorben.

2 Da verkaufte sie Jehova in die Hand Jabins, des Königs der Kanaaniter, der zu Hazor regierte; und sein Heeroberster war Sisera, und er wohnte zu Haroscheth-Gojim.

3 Und die Kinder Israel schrieen zu Jehova; denn er hatte neunhundert eiserne Wagen, und er bedrückte die Kinder Israel mit Gewalt zwanzig Jahre.

4 Und Debora, eine Prophetin, das Weib Lappidoths, richtete Israel in selbiger Zeit.

5 Und sie wohnte (O. saß zu Gericht) unter der Debora-Palme zwischen ama und Bethel, auf dem Gebirge Ephraim; und die Kinder Israel gingen zu ihr hinauf zu Gericht.

6 Und sie sandte hin und ließ Barak, den Sohn Abinoams, von Kedes-Naphtali, rufen; und sie sprach zu ihm: Hat nicht Jehova, der Gott Israels, geboten: Gehe hin und ziehe auf den Berg Tabor, und nimm mit dir zehntausend Mann von den Kindern Naphtali und von den Kindern Sebulon;

7 und ich werde Sisera, den Heerobersten Jabins, zu dir ziehen an den Bach Kison samt seinen Wagen und seiner Menge, und ich werde ihn in deine Hand geben?

8 Und Barak sprach zu ihr: Wenn du mit mir gehst, so gehe ich; wenn du aber nicht mit mir gehst, so gehe ich nicht:

9 Da sprachen sie: Ich will wohl mit dir gehen; nur daß die Ehre nicht dein sein wird auf dem Wege, den du gehst, denn in die Hand eines Weibes wird Jehova den Sisera verkaufen. Und Debora machte sich auf und ging mit Barak nach Kedes.

10 Und Barak berief Sebulon und Naphtali nach Kedes; und zehntausend Mann zogen in seinem Gefolge hinauf; auch Debora zog mit ihm hinauf.

11 (Heber aber, der Keniter, hatte sich von den Kenitern, (W. von Kain) den Kindern Hobabs, des Schwagers (And.: des Schwiegervaters; vergl. Kap. 1,16) Moses, getrennt; und er hatte seine Zelte aufgeschlagen bis an die Terebinthe zu Zaanannim, das neben Kedes liegt.)

12 Und man berichtete dem Sisera, daß Barak, der Sohn Abinoams, auf den Berg Tabor hinaufgezogen wäre.

13 Da berief Sisera alle seine Wagen, neunhundert eiserne Wagen, und alles Volk, das mit ihm war, von Haroscheth-Gojim an den Bach Kison.

14 Und Debora sprach zu Barak: Mache dich auf! denn dies ist der Tag, da Jehova den Sisera in deine Hand gegeben hat. Ist nicht Jehova ausgezogen vor dir her? Und Barak stieg von dem Berge Tabor hinab, und zehntausend Mann ihm nach.

15 Und Jehova verwirrte Sisera und alle seine Wagen und das ganze Heerlager durch die Schärfe des Schwertes vor Barak her; und Sisera stieg von dem Wagen herab und floh zu Fuß.

16 Barak aber jagte den Wagen und dem Heere nach bis Haroscheth-Gojim; und das ganze Heer Siseras fiel durch die Schärfe des Schwertes: Es blieb auch nicht einer übrig.

17 Und Sisera floh zu Fuß in das Zelt Jaels, des Weibes Hebers, des Keniters; denn es war Friede zwischen Jabin, dem König von Hazor, und dem Hause Hebers, des Keniters.

18 Da ging Jael hinaus, dem Sisera entgegen; und sie sprach zu ihm: Kehre ein, mein Herr, kehre ein zu mir, fürchte dich nicht! Und er kehrte ein zu ihr in das Zelt, und sie bedeckte ihn mit einer Decke.

19 Und er sprach zu ihr: Laß mich doch ein wenig Wasser trinken, denn mich dürstet. Und sie öffnete den Milchschlauch und ließ ihn trinken, und sie deckte ihn zu.

20 Und er sprach zu ihr: Stelle dich an den Eingang des Zeltes; und es geschehe, wenn jemand kommt und dich fragt und spricht: Ist jemand hier? So sage: Niemand.

21 Und Jael, das Weib Hebers, nahm einen Zeltpflock und faßte den Hammer in ihre Hand, und sie kam leise zu ihm und schlug den Pflock durch seine Schläfe, daß er in die Erde drang. Er war nämlich in einen tiefen Schlaf gefallen und war ermattet, und er starb.

22 Und siehe, da kam Barak, der Sisera verfolgte; und Jael ging hinaus, ihm entgegen, und sprach zu ihm: Komm, ich will dir den Mann zeigen, den du suchst! Und er ging zu ihr hinein, und siehe, Sisera lag tot, und der Pflock war in seiner Schläfe.

23 So beugte Gott an selbigem Tage Jabin, den König von Kanaan, vor den Kindern Israel.

24 Und die Hand der Kinder Israel wurde fort und fort härter über Jabin, den König von Kanaan, bis sie Jabin, den König von Kanaan, vernichtet hatten.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 4

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 4: Deborah

Yet again, the children of Israel had disobeyed the Lord. At this point in time, they had been under the yoke of Jabin, a Canaanite king, for twenty years. He had nine hundred chariots of iron, and was apparently very powerful.

The Lord raised up Deborah, a prophetess, to free the Israelites from oppression under Jabin. The text says that she would pass judgements for the children of Israel while she sat under the palm tree of Deborah.

Deborah summoned Barak, an army officer, and told him to go with ten thousand men from the tribes of Naphtali and Zebulun to fight King Jabin’s armies. Barak said he would only go if Deborah went as well, so she agreed to join him. Deborah then prophesied that Sisera, the enemy commander, would be defeated by a woman.

The two armies clashed at by the River Kishon, and all of Sisera’s men were killed. Sisera then fled to the tent of Heber, an Israelite who was on peaceful terms with King Jabin. Jael, Heber’s wife, invited Sisera to come in with the comforting words, “fear not”. She covered him with a blanket, gave him milk to drink, and let him sleep there.

Then Jael quietly took a tent peg and drove it into Sisera’s temple using a hammer, so that the peg stuck in the earth. When Barak came to the tent, pursuing Sisera, Jael went out to tell him, “come, and I will show you the man you seek.” And she showed him Sisera, dead, with a peg through his temple.

So Jabin’s army was defeated that day, and Israel grew stronger until their oppression under Jabin came to an end.

*****

Deborah is an especially significant character in the Bible, because she was the only female judge of Israel. It was very unusual for a woman in those times to rise to power, yet she truly earned the respect of her people. Deborah, as a woman, stands for the nurturing power of the Word to strengthen us during regeneration. Her name means ‘a bee’, but this comes from a word meaning ‘to speak’ – here, to speak the Word. Bees make honey; honey is nutritious; God’s word is our nourishment (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 3424[2]).

The fact that Deborah judged from under a palm tree may seem like a passing detail, but even this contributes to the spiritual meaning of the story. Palm trees stand for the divine truths of the Word, which means that Deborah was judging the people from her understanding of the Lord’s truths.

King Jabin’s nine hundred iron chariots represent the apparent power of false beliefs, thoughts and persuasions over us. The number ‘nine’ stands for something which is complete, and ‘iron’ here stands for either natural truths or falsities. A ‘chariot’, being pulled by a horse, always stands for a set of teachings or doctrine. These three symbols add to the picture of a very powerful enemy: false ideas and views that can weaken and overwhelm us (Arcana Caelestia 4720[2]).

The spiritual meaning of the complex arrangement between Barak and Deborah is that we can only deal with our spiritual conflicts if we take the Word’s power (Deborah) with us. Barak, a man, represents the power of truth, but Deborah says a woman will gain victory over Sisera. The feminine stands for the power of love: our charity, our affection for good, and our wish to be useful. These qualities are always essential in our spiritual life (see Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 1120[2]).

The story about Jael and Sisera is really about actively resisting the temptations of evil in our lives. Jael, a woman, stands for the power of good to overcome what is false in our mind. Driving the tent peg through Sisera’s head stands for the complete destruction of what is false. Driving it right through and into the ground stands for the power of good in our life and in our regeneration, because the ground represents our actions (Arcana Caelestia 268).

When Barak and Jael meet, it stands for the unity between good (Jael, a woman) and truth (Barak, a man). This unity of good and truth appears again at the start of the next chapter, in which Deborah and Barak sing of Israel’s victory.

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 3424

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3424. 'Isaac's servants dug in the valley and found there a well of living water' means the Word as regards the literal sense, which holds the internal sense within it. This is clear from the meaning of 'digging in the valley' as investigating lower down to discover where truths are, for 'digging' is investigating, and 'a valley' is that which is lower down, 1723, 3417; and from the meaning of 'a well of living water' as the Word in which Divine truths are present, thus the Word as regards the literal sense which holds the internal sense within it. It is well known that the Word is called 'a spring', in particular 'a spring of living waters'. The reason why the Word is also called 'a well' is that in relation to its other senses the sense of the letter is like a well, and that where spiritual people are concerned the Word is not a spring but a well, see 2702, 3096. Since a valley is that which is lower down, or what amounts to the same, that which is more external, and it was in the valley that the spring was found; and since the literal sense is the lower or more external sense of the Word, it is the literal sense that is therefore meant. But because that sense holds the internal sense, that is, the heavenly and Divine sense, its waters are for that reason called 'living', as also were the waters which went out under the threshold of the new house in Ezekiel,

And it will happen, that every wild creature that creeps, wherever the river comes to, is living; and there will be very many fish, for those waters go there, and become fresh; and everything is living where the river goes. Ezekiel 47:8-9.

Here 'the river' is the Word, 'the waters which cause everything to live' are the Divine Truths within it, 'fish' are facts, 40, 991.

[2] The Lord teaches that the Word of the Lord is such that it gives life to him who is thirsty, that is, to one who desires life, and that it is a spring whose waters are living, in John,

Jesus said to the woman from Samaria at Jacob's well, If you knew the gift of God, and who it is that is saying to you, Give Me a drink, you would ask from Him, and He would give you living water. He who drinks of the water that I shall give him will never thirst, but the water that I shall give him will become in him a spring of water welling up into eternal life. John 4:10, 14.

The reason why the Word is living and therefore confers life is that in its highest sense the subject is the Lord, while in the inmost sense it is His kingdom in which the Lord is everything. And this being so it is life itself which the Word contains and which flows into the minds of those who read the Word devoutly. This is why the Lord, in regard to the Word which comes from Himself, calls Himself 'a spring of water welling up into eternal life'; see also 2702.

[3] The fact that the Word of the Lord is called 'a well' in addition to 'a spring' is clear in Moses,

Israel sang the song: Spring up, O well! Answer to it! The well which the princes dug, which the chiefs of the people dug out, as directed by the Lawgiver, 1 with their staves. Numbers 21:17-18.

These words were sung at the place Beer, that is, the place of the well. In this case 'a well' means the Word which existed with the Ancient Church, as is evident from what has been said previously about the Word in 2897. 'The princes' means the first and foremost truths of which [the Word] consists - 'princes' being first and foremost truths, see 1482, 2089 - 'nobles of the people' lower truths such as those present in the literal sense, 1259, 1260, 2928, 3295. 'The Lawgiver' is clearly the Lord, 'staves' the powers which those truths possessed.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, into the Lawgiver

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.