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Jeremia 44

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1 Das Wort, welches zu Jeremia geschah an alle (O. betreffs aller) Juden, die im Lande Ägypten wohnten, welche in Migdol (an der nördlichen Grenze Ägyptens) und in Tachpanches und in Noph (Memphis) und im Lande Pathros (Unterägypten) wohnten:

2 So spricht Jehova der Heerscharen, der Gott Israels: Ihr habt all das Unglück gesehen, welches ich über Jerusalem und über alle Städte Judas gebracht habe; und siehe, sie sind eine Einöde an diesem Tage, und niemand wohnt darin,

3 um ihrer Bosheit willen, die sie verübt haben, um mich zu reizen, indem sie hingingen, zu räuchern und anderen Göttern zu dienen, welche sie nicht kannten, weder sie noch ihr und eure Väter.

4 Und ich habe alle meine Knechte, die Propheten, zu euch gesandt, früh mich aufmachend und sendend, indem ich sprach: Tut doch nicht diesen Greuel, den ich hasse!

5 Aber sie haben nicht gehört und ihr Ohr nicht geneigt, um von ihrer Bosheit umzukehren, daß sie anderen Göttern nicht räucherten.

6 Da ergoß sich mein Grimm und mein Zorn, und er brannte in den Städten Judas und auf den Straßen von Jerusalem; und sie sind zur Einöde, zur Wüste geworden, wie es an diesem Tage ist.

7 Und nun, so spricht Jehova, der Gott der Heerscharen, der Gott Israels: Warum begehet ihr eine so große Übeltat wider eure Seelen, um euch Mann und Weib, Kind und Säugling aus Juda auszurotten, so daß ihr euch keinen Überrest übriglasset;

8 indem ihr mich reizet durch die Werke eurer Hände, dadurch daß ihr anderen Göttern räuchert im Lande Ägypten, wohin ihr gekommen seid, um euch daselbst aufzuhalten, auf daß ihr euch ausrottet und zum Fluch und zum Hohne werdet unter allen Nationen der Erde?

9 Habt ihr die Übeltaten eurer Väter vergessen und die Übeltaten der Könige von Juda und die Übeltaten ihrer Weiber und eure Übeltaten und die Übeltaten eurer Weiber, welche sie im Lande Juda und auf den Straßen von Jerusalem begangen haben?

10 Bis auf diesen Tag sind sie nicht gedemütigt (Eig. zerschlagen, zerknirscht,) und sie haben sich nicht gefürchtet und haben nicht gewandelt in meinem Gesetz und in meinen Satzungen, die ich euch und euren Vätern vorgelegt habe. -

11 Darum, so spricht Jehova der Heerscharen, der Gott Israels: Siehe, ich will mein Angesicht wider euch richten zum Unglück, und zur Ausrottung von ganz Juda.

12 Und ich werde den Überrest von Juda wegraffen, die ihre Angesichter dahin gerichtet haben, in das Land Ägypten zu ziehen, um sich daselbst aufzuhalten; und sie sollen alle aufgerieben werden, im Lande Ägypten sollen sie fallen; durch das Schwert, durch den Hunger sollen sie aufgerieben werden, vom Kleinsten bis zum Größten; durch das Schwert und durch den Hunger sollen sie sterben. Und sie sollen zum Fluche, zum Entsetzen und zur Verwünschung und zum Hohne werden.

13 Und ich will die im Lande Ägypten Wohnenden heimsuchen, wie ich Jerusalem heimgesucht habe durch das Schwert, durch den Hunger und durch die Pest.

14 Und der Überrest von Juda, der in das Land Ägypten gekommen ist, um sich daselbst aufzuhalten, wird keinen Entronnenen noch Übriggebliebenen haben, um in das Land Juda zurückzukehren, wohin sie sich sehnen zurückzukehren, um dort zu wohnen; denn sie werden nicht zurückkehren, außer einigen Entronnenen.

15 Und alle Männer, welche wußten, daß ihre Weiber anderen Göttern räucherten, und alle Weiber, die in großer Menge dastanden, und alles Volk, das im Lande Ägypten, in Pathros wohnte, antworteten dem Jeremia und sprachen:

16 Was das Wort betrifft, welches du im Namen Jehovas zu uns geredet hast, so werden wir nicht auf dich hören;

17 sondern wir wollen gewißlich alles tun, was aus unserem Munde hervorgegangen ist, der Königin des Himmels zu räuchern und ihr Trankopfer zu spenden, so wie wir getan haben, wir und unsere Väter, unsere Könige und unsere Fürsten, in den Städten Judas und auf den Straßen von Jerusalem. Da hatten wir Brot in Fülle, und es ging uns wohl, und wir sahen kein Unglück.

18 Aber seitdem wir aufgehört haben, der Königin des Himmels zu räuchern und ihr Trankopfer zu spenden, haben wir an allem Mangel gehabt und sind durch das Schwert und durch den Hunger aufgerieben worden.

19 Und wenn wir der Königin des Himmels räucherten und ihr Trankopfer spendeten, haben wir ihr denn ohne unsere Männer (d. h. ohne die Zustimmung unserer Männer) Kuchen bereitet, um sie abzubilden, und ihr Trankopfer gespendet?

20 Und Jeremia sprach zu dem ganzen Volke, zu den Männern und zu den Weibern und zu allem Volke, welches ihm Antwort gegeben hatte, und sagte:

21 Das äuchern, mit welchem ihr in den Städten Judas und auf den Straßen von Jerusalem geräuchert habt, ihr und eure Väter, eure Könige und eure Fürsten und das Volk des Landes-hat nicht Jehova daran gedacht, und ist es ihm nicht in den Sinn gekommen?

22 Und Jehova konnte es nicht mehr ertragen wegen der Bosheit eurer Handlungen, wegen der Greuel, die ihr verübtet. Darum ist euer Land zur Einöde, zum Entsetzen und zum Fluche geworden, ohne Bewohner, wie es an diesem Tage ist.

23 Darum daß ihr geräuchert und gegen Jehova gesündigt und auf die Stimme Jehovas nicht gehört, und in seinem Gesetz und in seinen Satzungen und in seinen Zeugnissen nicht gewandelt habt, darum ist euch dieses Unglück widerfahren, wie es an diesem Tage ist. -

24 Und Jeremia sprach zu dem ganzen Volke und zu allen Weibern: Höret das Wort Jehovas, alle Juden (Eig. ganz Juda,) die ihr im Lande Ägypten seid!

25 So spricht Jehova der Heerscharen, der Gott Israels, und sagt: Ihr und eure Weiber, ihr habt es mit eurem Munde geredet und es mit euren Händen vollführt und gesprochen: Wir wollen unsere Gelübde gewißlich erfüllen, die wir getan haben, der Königin des Himmels zu räuchern und ihr Trankopfer zu spenden. So haltet nur eure Gelübde und erfüllet nur eure Gelübde!

26 Darum höret das Wort Jehovas, alle Juden (Eig. ganz Juda,) die ihr im Lande Ägypten wohnet! Siehe, ich habe bei meinem großen Namen geschworen, spricht Jehova: Wenn je wieder mein Name im Munde irgend eines Mannes von Juda genannt werden soll, daß er spreche: "So wahr der Herr, Jehova, lebt!" im ganzen Lande Ägypten!

27 Siehe, ich wache über sie zum Bösen und nicht zum Guten; und alle Männer von Juda, die im Lande Ägypten sind, sollen durch das Schwert und durch den Hunger aufgerieben werden, bis sie vernichtet sind.

28 Und dem Schwert Entronnene werden aus dem Lande Ägypten in das Land Juda zurückkehren, ein zählbares Häuflein. Und der ganze Überrest von Juda, der in das Land Ägypten gekommen ist, um sich daselbst aufzuhalten, wird wissen (O. erfahren,) welches Wort sich bestätigen wird, das meinige oder das ihrige.

29 Und dies sei euch das Zeichen, spricht Jehova, daß ich euch an diesem Orte heimsuchen werde, auf daß ihr wisset, daß meine Worte über euch (O. an euch) sich gewißlich bestätigen werden zum Unglück;

30 so spricht Jehova: Siehe, ich gebe den Pharao Hophra, den König von Ägypten, in die Hand seiner Feinde und in die Hand derer, welche nach seinem Leben trachten, so wie ich Zedekia, den König von Juda, in die Hand Nebukadrezars gegeben habe, des Königs von Babel, seines Feindes, der (W. und der) ihm nach seinem Leben trachtete.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 7102

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7102. 'Lest perhaps He fall on us with pestilence and sword' means to avoid the damnation of evil and falsity. This is clear from the meaning of 'lest perhaps He fall on' as lest they run into - into damnation; from the meaning of 'pestilence' as the damnation of evil, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'sword' as the vastation of truth, and also the punishment of falsity, dealt with in 2799, and so also as damnation, since the punishment of falsity, when truth has been devasted, is damnation.

[2] The Word mentions four kinds of vastation and punishment - sword, famine, evil wild animal, and pestilence. 'Sword' means the vastation of truth and the punishment of falsity; 'famine' the vastation of good and the punishment of evil; 'evil wild animal' the punishment of evil that arises out of falsity; and 'pestilence' the punishment of evil that does not arise out of falsity but out of evil. And since punishment is meant, damnation is meant also, since damnation is the punishment suffered by those who persist in evil. Those four kinds of punishment are referred to as follows in Ezekiel,

. . . when I shall send My four severe 1 judgements - sword, and famine, and evil wild animal, and pestilence - onto Jerusalem, to cut off man and beast from it. Ezekiel 14:21.

In the same prophet,

I will send famine and evil wild animals upon you, and I will make you bereft. And pestilence and blood will pass through you; in particular I will bring the sword upon you. Ezekiel 5:17.

[3] The meaning of 'pestilence' as the punishment of evil and its damnation is evident from the following places: In Ezekiel,

Those in waste places will die by the sword, and the one who is in the open field 2 I will give to the wild animals to devour him, and those who are in fortifications and caverns will die from pestilence. Ezekiel 33:27.

'In waste places dying by the sword' stands for suffering the vastation of truth and consequently the damnation of falsity. 'The one who is in the open field being given to the wild animals to devour him' stands for the damnation of those ruled by evil arising out of falsity. 'Those who are in fortifications and caverns, dying from pestilence' stands for the damnation of evil which uses falsity to fortify itself.

[4] In the same prophet,

The sword is without, and pestilence and famine within; he that is in the field will die by the sword, but him that is in the city famine and pestilence will devour. Ezekiel 7:15.

'The sword' stands for the vastation of truth and the damnation of falsity; 'famine' and 'pestilence' stand for the vastation of good and the damnation of evil. The sword is said to be 'without' and famine and pestilence 'within' because the vastation of truth takes place externally but the vastation of good internally. When however a person leads a life that rests on falsity, damnation is meant by the words 'he that is in the field will die by the sword'; and when a person leads a life ruled by evil which he defends by the use of falsity, damnation is meant by the words 'him that is in the city famine and pestilence will devour'.

[5] In Leviticus,

I will bring upon you a sword executing the vengeance of the covenant; wherever you are gathered into your cities, I will send pestilence into the midst of you, and you will be delivered 3 into the hand of the enemy. When I have cut off your supply of bread 4 ... Leviticus 26:25-26.

Here in a similar way 'a sword' stands for the vastation of truth and the damnation of falsity, 'pestilence' for the damnation of evil. The vastation of good, meant by 'famine', is described when [the Lord] speaks of cutting off their supply of bread. 'Cities' into which they would be gathered has the same meaning as 'the city' just above - falsities that are used to defend evils. For the meaning of 'cities' as truths, and so in the contrary sense as falsities, see 402, 2268, 2712, 2943, 3216, 4492, 4493.

[6] In Ezekiel,

Therefore because you have defiled My sanctuary with all your abominations, a third part of you will die from pestilence, and be annihilated [by famine] in your midst; then a third will fall by the sword around you; finally I will scatter a third to every wind, so that I will draw out a sword after them. Ezekiel 5:11-12.

'Famine' stands for the damnation of evil, 'sword' for the damnation of falsity. 'Scattering to every wind' and 'drawing out a sword after them' stand for getting rid of truths and seizing on falsities.

[7] In Jeremiah,

If they offer burnt offering or minchah, I am not accepting those things, but I will consume those people by sword, famine, and pestilence. Jeremiah 14:12.

In the same prophet,

I will smite the inhabitants of this city, both man and beast; they will die from a great pestilence. Afterwards I will deliver Zedekiah king of Judah, and his servants, and the people, and those in this city left from the pestilence, and from the sword, and from the famine, into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar. He who remains in this city will die by the sword, and by famine, and by pestilence; but he who goes out and defects to the Chaldeans besieging you will live, and his soul will become spoil to him. Jeremiah 21:6-7, 9.

In the same prophet,

I will send sword, famine, and pestilence upon them, till they are consumed from upon the earth. Jeremiah 24:10.

Here also 'sword' means the vastation of truth, 'famine' the vastation of good, and 'pestilence' damnation; and 'sword', 'famine', and 'pestilence' have the same meanings in the following places as well: Jeremiah 27:8; 29:17-18; 32:24, 36; 34:17; 38:2; 42:17, 22; 44:13; Ezekiel 12:16.

[8] Since those three scourges follow in their own particular order [of severity], David was presented by the prophet Gad with the three. He had to choose between the coming of seven years of famine, fleeing three months before his enemies, or three days of pestilence in the land, 2 Samuel 24:13. ('Fleeing before his enemies' implies 'the sword'.) In Amos,

I have sent the pestilence upon you in the way of Egypt, I have killed your young men with the sword, along with your captured horses. 5 Amos 4:10.

'The pestilence in the way of Egypt' stands for the vastation of good by means of falsities, which are 'the way of Egypt'. 'Killing young men with the sword, along with captured horses' stands for the vastation of truth, truths being meant by 'young men' and intellectual concepts by 'horses', 5 2761, 2762, 3217, 5321, 6534.

[9] In Ezekiel,

Pestilence and blood will pass through you. Ezekiel 5:17.

In the same prophet,

I will send upon her pestilence and blood in her streets. Ezekiel 28:23.

Here 'pestilence' stands for good that has been adulterated, and 'blood' for truth that has been falsified. For the meaning of 'blood' as falsified truth, see 4735, 6978.

[10] In David,

You will not be afraid of the terror of the night, of the arrow that flies by day, of the pestilence that creeps in thick darkness, of death that lays waste at noonday. Psalms 91:5-6.

'The terror of the night' stands for falsity which lies concealed; 'the arrow that flies by day' for falsity which is out in the open; 'the pestilence that creeps in thick darkness' for evil which lies concealed; 'death which lays waste at noonday' for evil which is out in the open. The fact that 'pestilence' means evil and the damnation of evil is evident from the use of the word 'death', which is distinguished here from pestilence solely by its being said of death that it 'lays waste at noonday' but of pestilence that it 'creeps in thick darkness'. In the same author,

He opened a way for His anger; He did not spare their soul from death, and He subjected their life to pestilence. Psalms 78:50.

This refers to the Egyptians, 'pestilence' standing for every kind of evil and its damnation.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, evil

2. literally, upon the face of the field

3. The Latin means I will deliver you but the Hebrew means you will be delivered.

4. literally, While I am about to break the staff of bread for you

5. literally, the captivity of your horses

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 6534

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6534. 'And horsemen' means intellectual concepts. This is clear from the meaning of 'horsemen' as things connected with the understanding; for 'a horse' means the power of understanding, 2760-2761, 3217, 5321, 6125. The meaning of 'horsemen' as things connected with the understanding becomes clear in addition from the following places: In Moses,

Jehovah alone led him; He caused him to ride over the heights of the land. Deuteronomy 32:12, 17.

This refers to the Ancient Church. 'Causing to ride over the heights of the land' stands for endowing with superior understanding.

[2] In David,

In your majesty 1 climb into [your chariot], and ride on the word of truth and meekness and righteousness, and your right arm will teach you marvellous things. Psalms 45:4.

This refers to the Lord. 'Riding on the word of truth' stands for having a genuine understanding of truth. In the same author,

Sing to God, praise His name; exalt Him who rides on the clouds by His name Jah. Psalms 68:4.

This too refers to the Lord. 'The clouds' stands for the literal sense of the Word, preface to Genesis 18, and 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343 (end); 'riding on them' stands for being in command of the internal sense, in which truth resides with all the intelligence and wisdom it can bring.

[3] In Zechariah,

On that day I will strike every horse with panic, and its rider with madness; and on the house of Judah I will open My eye. But every horse of the peoples I will strike with blindness. Zechariah 12:4.

'Horse' stands for the power of understanding, and 'rider' or 'horseman' for the intellect. Does anyone not see that 'horse' here does not mean a horse, or that 'rider' does not mean rider, but that something else such as can be struck with panic and madness, and also with blindness, is meant? That something else, it is evident, is the understanding or intellect.

[4] By 'horses and horsemen' intellectual concepts are meant, and in the contrary sense reasonings and consequent falsities, as may be seen in John,

I saw, and behold, a white horse, and he who sat on it had a bow; to him a crown was given; he went out conquering. Then there came out another horse, fiery-red; and it was granted to him who sat on it that he should take peace away from the earth, and that men should slay one another. Therefore to him was given a great sword. I saw, and behold, a black horse, and he who sat on it held a balance in his hand. I saw therefore, and behold, a pale horse and he who sat on it, whose name was death. Revelation 6:2, 4-5, 8.

Here, as is evident from the details of the description, the horses and those seated on them mean things connected with an understanding consisting of truth, and in the contrary sense an understanding consisting of falsity. 'The white horse and he who sat on it' stands for an understanding consisting of truth gained from the Word; the one seated on the white horse is, as explicitly stated in Revelation 19:11, 13, 16, the Lord as to the Word. 'The fiery-red horse and he who sat on it' stands for reasonings resulting from desires for evil, which do violence to truths from the Word. 'The black horse and he who sat on it' stands for a destroyed ability to understand the truth, while 'the pale horse and he who sat on it' stands for damnation resulting from such destruction.

[5] 'Horses and horsemen' in the contrary sense stands for a perverted understanding and the falsities it produces, in Ezekiel also,

Oholah committed whoredom under Me and doted on her lovers - governors and leaders, all of them desirable young men, horsemen riding on horses. Her sister Oholibah was in love with the sons of Asshur - governors and leaders, her neighbours, clothed in perfect adornment, horsemen riding on horses, all of them desirable young men. Ezekiel 23:5-6, 12.

'Oholah' stands for the perverted spiritual Church, which is Samaria, and 'Oholibah' for the perverted celestial Church, which is Jerusalem; for the Israelites who belonged to Samaria represented the spiritual Church, but the Jews who belonged to Jerusalem represented the celestial Church. 'The Assyrians' and 'the sons of Asshur' stand for reasoning against the truths of faith, 1186, 'horsemen riding on horses' for a perverted understanding, from which falsities are produced.

[6] In Habakkuk,

I am rousing the Chaldeans, a bitter and headstrong nation, marching into the breadth of the earth, to inherit habitations that are not its own Its horses are swifter than leopards, sharper than the evening wolves, so that its horsemen spread out, and therefore its horsemen come from afar. Habakkuk 1:6, 8.

'The Chaldeans' stands for those governed by falsities, though to outward appearances they are governed by truths; thus 'the Chaldeans' stands for the profanation of truth, whereas 'Babel' stands for the profanation of good, 1182, 1368. 'Marching into the breadth of the earth' stands for destroying truths - 'the breadth of the earth' meaning truth, see 3433, 3434, 4482. From this it is evident that 'the horsemen who spread out and who arrive from afar' are things connected with a perverted understanding, which are therefore falsities.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, honour

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.