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1 Mose 33

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1 Und Jakob hob seine Augen auf und sah: und siehe, Esau kam und mit ihm vierhundert Mann. Und er verteilte die Kinder zu Lea und zu ahel und zu den beiden Mägden;

2 und er stellte die Mägde und ihre Kinder vornan und Lea und ihre Kinder dahinter und ahel und Joseph zuletzt.

3 Er aber ging vor ihnen her und beugte sich siebenmal zur Erde nieder, bis er nahe zu seinem Bruder kam.

4 Und Esau lief ihm entgegen und umarmte ihn und fiel ihm um den Hals und küßte ihn; und sie weinten.

5 Und er hob seine Augen auf und sah die Weiber und die Kinder und sprach: Wer sind diese bei dir? Und er sprach: Die Kinder, die Gott deinem Knechte beschert hat.

6 Und die Mägde traten herzu, sie und ihre Kinder, und verneigten sich.

7 Und auch Lea trat herzu und ihre Kinder, und sie verneigten sich. Und danach traten Joseph und ahel herzu und verneigten sich.

8 Und er sprach: Was willst du mit diesem ganzen Zug, dem ich begegnet bin? Und er sprach: Um Gnade zu finden in den Augen meines Herrn.

9 Da sprach Esau: Ich habe genug, mein Bruder; es sei dein was du hast.

10 Und Jakob sprach: Nicht doch; wenn ich anders Gnade gefunden habe in deinen Augen, so nimm mein Geschenk von meiner Hand, da ich nun einmal dein Angesicht gesehen habe, (O. denn darum habe ich) als hätte ich Gottes Angesicht gesehen, und du Wohlgefallen an mir gehabt hast.

11 Nimm doch mein Geschenk, (Eig. meinen Segen, wie 1. Sam. 25,27) das dir überbracht worden ist; denn Gott hat es mir beschert, (O. hat mir Gnade erwiesen) und ich habe alles. Und er drang in ihn, und er nahm es.

12 Und Esau (W. er) sprach: Laß uns aufbrechen und weiterziehen, und ich will vor (O. neben) dir herziehen.

13 Und er sprach zu ihm: Mein Herr weiß, daß die Kinder zart sind und daß ich säugende Schafe (Eig. Kleinvieh) und Kühe bei mir habe; wenn man sie nur einen Tag übertriebe, so würde die ganze Herde sterben.

14 Mein Herr ziehe doch vor seinem Knechte hin, und ich will einherziehen nach meiner Gemächlichkeit, nach dem Gange des Viehes, das vor mir ist, und nach dem Gange der Kinder, bis ich zu meinem Herrn komme nach Seir.

15 Und Esau sprach: Ich will doch von dem Volke bei dir zurücklassen, das bei mir ist. Und er sprach: Wozu das? Möchte ich Gnade finden in den Augen meines Herrn!

16 Und Esau kehrte an selbigem Tage seines Weges nach Seir zurück.

17 Und Jakob brach auf nach Sukkoth und baute sich ein Haus, und seinem Vieh machte er Hütten; darum gab er dem Orte den Namen Sukkoth. (Hütten)

18 Und Jakob kam wohlbehalten nach der Stadt Sichem, die im Lande Kanaan ist, als er aus Paddan-Aram kam, und lagerte vor der Stadt.

19 Und er kaufte das Stück Feld, wo er sein Zelt aufgeschlagen hatte, von der Hand der Söhne Hemors, des Vaters Sichems, um hundert Kesita.

20 Und er richtete daselbst einen Altar auf und nannte ihn: Gott, (El) der Gott Israels.

   

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Jacob or Israel (the man)

  

Jacob is told twice that his name will now be Israel. The first time is when he wrestles with an angel on his journey to meet Esau, and the angel tells him that his name will be changed. After he is reconciled with Esau, they go their separate ways. Jacob moves to Shechem and then on to Bethel, where he builds an altar to the Lord. The Lord appears to him there, renews the covenant He first made with Abraham and again tells him that his name will be Israel (Genesis 35). The story goes on to tell of Benjamin's birth and Rachel's death in bearing him, and then of Jacob's return to Isaac and Isaac's death and burial. But at that point the main thread of the story leaves Israel and turns to Joseph, and Israel is hardly mentioned until after Joseph has risen to power in Egypt, has revealed himself to his brothers and tells them to bring all of their father's household down to Egypt. There, before Israel dies, he blesses Joseph's sons, plus all his own sons. After his death he is returned to the land of Canaan for burial in Abraham's tomb. In the story of Jacob and Esau, Jacob represents truth, and Esau good. Jacob's stay in Padan-Aram, and the wealth he acquired there, represent learning the truths of scripture, just as we learn when we read the Ten Commandments or the Sermon on the Mount. The change of name from Jacob to Israel represents the realization that what we learn should not simply be knowledge, but should be the rules of our life, to be followed by action. This action is the good that Esau has represented in the story up to that time, but after the reconciliation between Jacob and Esau, Jacob as Israel now represents the truth and the good, together. It is interesting that even after his name change Jacob is rarely called Israel. Sometimes he is called one and sometimes the other, and sometimes he is called both Jacob and Israel in the same verse (Genesis 46:2, 5, & 8 also Psalm 14:7). This is because Jacob represents the external person and Israel the internal person, and even after the internal person comes into being, we spend much of our lives living on the external level.

(Odkazy: Arcana Coelestia 4274, 4292, 4570, 5595, 6225, 6256, Genesis 2:5, 46:8)

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Arcana Coelestia # 6256

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6256. 'And the eyes of Israel were weak' means his obscurity of discernment. This is clear from the meaning of 'the eyes' as the sight of the understanding, dealt with in 2701, 4087, 4379, 4403-4421, also meant by 'seeing', as above in 6249; from the representation of 'Israel' as spiritual good within the natural, dealt with above in 6253; and from the meaning of 'being weak', when used in reference to the eyes, as obscurity, thus obscurity of discernment. The reason Why Israel's discernment had become obscure when he blessed Joseph's sons was that he had reached the final phase of his representation, though a more general reason is that an obscurity of perception exists in the spiritual good which 'Israel' represents; for that good comes from the natural, in which inferior natural light predominates, not superior heavenly light in which spiritual and celestial good from the rational dwells. Such is the nature of the external man, also called the natural man. When the expression 'spiritual good from the natural' is used, people whose good is such are meant. They are those who belong to the Lord's spiritual Church, which also is why 'Israel' represents that Church, 4286; and compared with celestial people, members of that Church, who are spiritual people, live in obscurity, see 2708, 2715, 2716, 2718, 2831, 2849, 2935, 2937, 3246, 4402. And since they live in obscurity they also put the truth of faith in the first place, even as Israel did here, in that he made Ephraim take precedence over Manasseh.

[2] The reason why spiritual people believe that the truth of faith takes precedence is that it is by means of truth that they are led on to good, 2954; and while they are being led to it they have no perception of good because good flows from within into an affection for truth, and so does not enter their discernment until they have been regenerated. This also explains why they call the good deeds of charity the fruits of faith, though little concern is shown for such fruits by those who suppose that faith alone without good works saves a person, even in the final hour when he dies, irrespective of the life he had led before that. This way of thinking is clearly an obscurity of discernment regarding goodness and truth. But be that as it may, those who make faith take precedence over charity on doctrinal grounds and yet lead a charitable life are people who belong to the Lord's spiritual Church and are saved. For in life they make the good of charity take precedence, but in doctrine the truth of faith.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.