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Hesekiel 18

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1 Und das Wort Jehovas geschah zu mir also:

2 Was habt ihr, daß ihr diesen Spruch im Lande Israel gebrauchet und sprechet: Die Väter essen Herlinge, und die Zähne der Söhne werden stumpf?

3 So wahr ich lebe, spricht der Herr, Jehova, wenn ihr ferner diesen Spruch in Israel gebrauchen sollt!

4 Siehe, alle Seelen sind mein; wie die Seele des Vaters, so auch die Seele des Sohnes: Sie sind mein; die Seele, welche sündigt, die soll sterben. (Vergl. Jer. 31,29. 30)

5 Und wenn jemand gerecht ist und echt und Gerechtigkeit übt,

6 auf den Bergen nicht isset und seine Augen nicht erhebt zu den Götzen des Hauses Israel, und das Weib seines Nächsten nicht verunreinigt und dem Weibe in ihrer Unreinigkeit nicht naht,

7 und niemanden bedrückt, sein Schuldpfand zurückgibt, keinen aub begeht, sein Brot dem Hungrigen gibt und den Nackten mit Kleidung bedeckt,

8 auf Zins nicht gibt und Wucher (Eig. Aufschlag bei der ückerstattung entlehnter Naturalien; so auch v 13) nicht nimmt, seine Hand vom Unrecht zurückhält, der Wahrheit gemäß zwischen Mann und Mann richtet,

9 in meinen Satzungen wandelt und meine echte hält, um nach Wahrheit zu handeln: der ist gerecht; er soll gewißlich leben, spricht der Herr, Jehova. -

10 Zeugt er aber einen gewalttätigen Sohn, der Blut vergießt und irgend eines von diesen tut-

11 er selbst aber hat alles dieses nicht getan-wenn er sogar auf den Bergen isset, und das Weib seines Nächsten verunreinigt,

12 den Elenden und den Armen bedrückt, aub begeht, das Pfand nicht zurückgibt, und seine Augen zu den Götzen erhebt, Greuel verübt,

13 auf Zins gibt und Wucher nimmt: sollte er leben? Er soll nicht leben! Alle diese Greuel hat er verübt: er soll gewißlich getötet werden, sein Blut soll auf ihm sein. -

14 Und siehe, es zeugt einer einen Sohn, und dieser sieht alle Sünden seines Vater, die er tut; er sieht sie und tut nicht dergleichen:

15 er isset nicht auf den Bergen und erhebt nicht seine Augen zu den Götzen des Hauses Israel, er verunreinigt nicht das Weib seines Nächsten,

16 und er bedrückt niemanden, nimmt kein Pfand und begeht keinen aub, er gibt dem Hungrigen sein Brot und bedeckt den Nackten mit Kleidung,

17 er hält seine Hand von dem Elenden zurück, nimmt weder Zins noch Wucher, er tut meine echte, wandelt in meinen Satzungen: der wird nicht wegen der Ungerechtigkeit seines Vaters sterben; er soll gewißlich leben.

18 Sein Vater, weil er Erpressung (O. Gewalttat) verübt, aub am Bruder begangen, und was nicht gut war inmitten seines Volkes getan hat: siehe, der soll wegen seiner Ungerechtigkeit sterben.

19 Und sprechet ihr: Warum trägt der Sohn die Ungerechtigkeit des Vaters nicht mit? Der Sohn hat ja echt und Gerechtigkeit geübt, hat alle meine Satzungen gehalten und sie getan: er soll gewißlich leben.

20 Die Seele, welche sündigt, die soll sterben. Ein Sohn soll nicht die Ungerechtigkeit des Vaters mittragen, und ein Vater nicht die Ungerechtigkeit des Sohnes mittragen; die Gerechtigkeit des Gerechten soll auf ihm sein, und die Gesetzlosigkeit des Gesetzlosen soll auf ihm sein.

21 Wenn aber der Gesetzlose umkehrt von allen seinen Sünden, die er getan hat, und alle meine Satzungen hält und echt und Gerechtigkeit übt, so soll er gewißlich leben, er soll nicht sterben.

22 Aller seiner Übertretungen, die er begangen hat, soll ihm nicht gedacht werden; wegen seiner Gerechtigkeit, die er geübt hat, soll er leben.

23 Habe ich irgendwie Gefallen an dem Tode des Gesetzlosen, spricht der Herr, Jehova? nicht vielmehr daran, daß er von seinen Wegen umkehre und lebe?

24 Wenn aber ein Gerechter von seiner Gerechtigkeit umkehrt und unrecht tut, nach all den Greueln tut, die der Gesetzlose verübt hat, sollte er leben? aller seiner gerechten Taten (W. Gerechtigkeiten,) die er getan hat, soll nicht gedacht werden; wegen seiner Treulosigkeit, die er begangen, und wegen seiner Sünde, die er getan hat, wegen dieser soll er sterben. -

25 Und ihr sprechet: Der Weg des Herrn ist nicht recht. Höret doch, Haus Israel: Ist mein Weg nicht recht? Sind nicht vielmehr eure Wege nicht recht?

26 Wenn ein Gerechter von seiner Gerechtigkeit umkehrt und unrecht tut, und um deswillen stirbt, so stirbt er wegen seines Unrechts, das er getan hat.

27 Wenn aber ein Gesetzloser umkehrt von seiner Gesetzlosigkeit, die er begangen hat, und echt und Gerechtigkeit übt: er wird seine Seele am Leben erhalten.

28 Sieht er es ein und kehrt er um von allen seinen Übertretungen, die er begangen hat, so soll er gewißlich leben, er soll nicht sterben. -

29 Aber das Haus Israel spricht: Der Weg des Herrn ist nicht recht. Sind meine Wege nicht recht, Haus Israel? Sind nicht vielmehr eure Wege nicht recht?

30 Darum werde ich euch richten, Haus Israel, einen jeden nach seinen Wegen, spricht der Herr, Jehova. Kehret um, und wendet euch ab von allen euren Übertretungen, daß es euch nicht ein Anstoß zur Missetat werde;

31 werfet von euch alle eure Übertretungen, womit ihr übertreten habt, und schaffet euch ein neues Herz und einen neuen Geist! denn warum wollt ihr sterben, Haus Israel?

32 Denn ich habe kein Gefallen am Tode des Sterbenden, spricht der Herr, Jehova. So kehret um und lebet!

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 9340

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9340. 'And I will set your boundary from the Sea Suph even to the Sea of the Philistines' means the full range of truths from factual ones to interior truths of faith. This is clear from the meaning of 'setting the boundary from one place to another', when it refers to spiritual truths, as the full range; from the meaning of 'the Sea Suph' as truths on the levels of the senses and of factual knowledge, which are the lowest levels of the human mind (the Sea Suph was the final boundary of the land of Egypt, and 'Egypt' means factual knowledge in both senses, that is, true factual knowledge and false, 1164, 1165, 1186, 1462, 2588, 4749, 4964, 4966, 5700, 6004, 6015, 6125, 6651, 6679, 6683, 6692, 6750, 7779 (end), 7926, 8146, 8148; in this instance true factual knowledge is meant since the subject is the full range of spiritual matters of faith among the children of Israel, who represented the spiritual Church, 4286, 4598, 6426, 6637, 6862, 6868, 7035, 7062, 7198, 7201, 7215, 7223, 8805); and from the meaning of 'the Sea of the Philistines' as interior truths of faith. The reason why these truths are meant by 'the Sea of the Philistines' is that the sea where Tyre and Sidon lay was the boundary of the land of Philistia, and 'Tyre and Sidon' means cognitions or knowledge of truth and good, 1201, while 'the land of Philistia' means the knowledge of interior matters of faith, 1197, 2504, 2726, 3463.

[2] Since 'the land of Canaan' represented the Lord's kingdom, which is heaven and the Church, all places in the land therefore meant such things as form part of the Lord's kingdom, or heaven and the Church, which things are called celestial and spiritual, and are connected with the good of love to the Lord and the truths of faith in Him. For this reason the seas and rivers which were boundaries meant the final limits there, and therefore 'from sea to sea' or 'from river to river' meant the full range of those things, as may be seen in 1585, 1866, 4116, 4240, 6516. From all this it becomes clear that 'the boundary from the Sea Suph even to the Sea of the Philistines' means the range of spiritual things, which are matters of truth, from external ones to internal, thus truths ranging from factual ones to interior truths of faith. But the range of celestial things, which are aspects of the good of love, is described next by the words 'from the wilderness even to the River'. The fact that places belonging to the land of Canaan, including seas and rivers, mean such things in the Word, has been shown in explanations everywhere.

[3] What the full range of truths from factual ones to interior truths of faith is must be stated briefly. Truths which exist in the external man are called factual ones, but truths which exist in the internal man are called interior truths of faith. Factual truths reside in a person's memory, and when they are brought out from there they pass into the person's immediate awareness. But interior truths of faith are truths of life itself which are inscribed on the internal man, but few of which show up in the memory. These however are matters which will in the Lord's Divine mercy be spoken of more fully elsewhere. Factual truths and interior truths of faith were meant in Genesis 1:6-7 by the waters under the expanse and the waters above the expanse, 24; for the first chapter of Genesis deals in the internal sense with the new creation or the regeneration of a member of the celestial Church.

[4] The reason why 'Philistia', which also bordered on the land of Canaan as far as Tyre and Sidon, meant the interior truths of faith was that there also the representative Ancient Church had existed, as is evident from the remnants of Divine worship among them which are alluded to in historical sections and prophetical parts of the Word in which the Philistines and the land of Philistia are the subject, such as - in the prophetical parts - Jeremiah 25:20; Jeremiah 47:1-end; Ezekiel 16:27, 57; 25:15-16; Amos 1:8; Zephaniah 2:5; Zechariah 9:6; Psalms 56:1; 1 60:8; 83:7; 108:9. The situation with the Philistines was the same as it was with all the nations in the land of Canaan, in that they represented the Church's forms of good and its truths, and also evils and falsities. When the representative Ancient Church existed among them they represented celestial things which were aspects of good and spiritual things which were matters of truth. But when they fell away from true representative worship they began to represent devilish things which were aspects of evil and hellish things which were matters of falsity. This is the reason why 'Philistia', like all the other nations belonging to the land of Canaan in the Word, means either forms of good and truths, or else evils and falsities.

[5] The fact that interior truths of faith are meant by 'the Philistines' is clear in David,

Glorious things are to be spoken in you, O city of God. I will mention Rahab and Babel among those who know Me; also Philistia and Tyre, with Ethiopia. The latter was born here. 2 Psalms 87:3-4.

'The city of God' means teachings presenting the truth of faith that are drawn from the Word, 402, 2268, 2449, 2712, 2943, 3216, 4492, 4493, 5297; 'Tyre' means cognitions or knowledge of truth and good, 1201, and so does 'Ethiopia', 116, 117. From this it is evident that 'Philistia' means knowledge of the truths of faith.

[6] In Amos,

Are you not like the children of the Ethiopians to Me, O children of Israel? Did I not cause Israel to come up from the land of Egypt, and the Philistines from Caphtor, and the Syrians from Kir? Amos 9:7.

This refers to the corruption and destruction of the Church after it had been established. 'The children of the Ethiopians' here are those in possession of cognitions of goodness and truth, which they use to substantiate evils and falsities, 1163, 1164. 'The children of Israel from the land of Egypt' are those who had been brought to spiritual truths and forms of good by means of factual truths, 'the children of Israel' being people in possession of spiritual truths and forms of good, thus in the abstract sense spiritual truths and forms of good, see 5414, 5801, 5803, 5806, 5812, 5817, 5819, 5826, 5833, 5879, 5951, 7957, 8234, and 'the land of Egypt' being factual truth, as shown above. The same is meant by 'the Philistines from Caphtor' and by 'the Syrians from Kir', to whom they are therefore likened. 'The Philistines from Caphtor' are people who had been brought to interior truths by means of exterior ones, but who perverted them and used them to substantiate falsities and evils, 1197, 1198, 3412, 3413, 3762, 8093, 8096, 8099, 8313, whereas 'the Syrians from Kir' are those who were in possession of cognitions of goodness and truth, which they likewise perverted, 1232, 1234, 3051, 3249, 3664, 3680, 4112.

[7] In Jeremiah,

... because of the day that is coming to lay waste all the Philistines, to cut off from Tyre and Sidon every helper that is left, for Jehovah is laying waste the Philistines, the remnants of the island of Caphtor. Jeremiah 47:4.

The subject in Jeremiah 47 is the laying waste of the Church's truths of faith, interior truths of faith being meant by 'the Philistines' and exterior truths by 'the remnants of the island of Caphtor'.

[8] In Joel,

What have you to do with Me, O Tyre and Sidon, and all the borders of Philistia? Swiftly I will return your recompense upon your own head, inasmuch as you have taken My silver and My gold, and My good and desirable treasures you have carried into your temples. Joel 3:4-5.

'All the borders of Philistia' stands for all the interior and the exterior truths of faith; 'carrying silver and gold, and good and desirable treasures into their temples' stands for perverting truths and forms of good, and profaning them by putting them together with evils and falsities. For the meaning of 'silver and gold' as truths and forms of good, see 1551, 2954, 5658, 6112, 6914, 6917, 8932.

[9] In Obadiah,

At that time those in the south will be the heirs of the mountain of Esau, and of the plain of the Philistines, and they will become the heirs of the field of Ephraim; but Benjamin [will be the heir] of Gilead. Obad. verse 19.

This refers to the establishment of the Church; but spiritual things are implied by the names. 'Those in the south' are people who dwell in the light of truth, 1458, 3195, 3708, 5672, 5962; 'the mountain of Esau' is the good of love, 3300, 3322, 3494, 3504, 3576; 'the plain of the Philistines' is the truth of faith, 'the plain' being also that which constitutes matters of doctrine about faith, 2418; 'Ephraim' is the Church's power of understanding, 3969, 5354, 6222, 6234, 6238, 6267; 'Benjamin' is the Church's spiritual-celestial truth, 3969, 4592, 5686, 5689, 6440; and 'Gilead' is the corresponding exterior good, 4117, 4124, 4747.

[10] In Isaiah,

He will gather the outcasts of Israel, and will assemble the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth. They will fly down onto the shoulder of the Philistines towards the sea, together they will plunder the sons of the east. Isaiah 11:12, 14.

Here 'Israel' and 'Judah' are not used to mean Israel and Judah; rather, 'Israel' means those who are governed by the good of faith, and 'Judah' those who are governed by the good of love. 'Flying down onto the shoulder of the Philistines' stands for receiving and taking into possession interior truths of faith; and 'plundering the sons of the east' stands for receiving and taking into possession interior forms of the good of faith, for 'the sons of the east' are people who are governed by forms of the good of faith and with whom cognitions or knowledge of good exists, 3249. 3762. For the meaning of 'plundering' as receiving and taking into possession, see what has been shown in 6914, 6917, regarding the plundering of the Egyptians by the children of Israel.

[11] Since 'the land of Philistia' meant knowledge of the interior truths of faith, and since Abraham and Isaac represented the Lord, and the sojourning of these two in places meant instruction received by the Lord in the truths and forms of the good of faith and love, which belong to God's wisdom, therefore - to provide a figurative representation of this - Abraham was commanded to sojourn in Philistia, Genesis 20:1-end, and so too was Isaac, Genesis 26:1-24. Therefore also Abimelech king of the Philistines made a covenant with Abraham, Genesis 21:22-end, and also with Isaac, Genesis 26:26-end. Regarding all this, see the explanations to those chapters.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. i.e. in the superscription or heading of this Psalm

2. i.e. in the city of God, see 1164:7.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Psalms 108:9

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9 Moab is my wash pot. I will toss my sandal on Edom. I will shout over Philistia."