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2 Mose 28

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1 Und du, du sollst zu dir nahen lassen deinen Bruder Aaron und seine Söhne mit ihm, aus der Mitte der Kinder Israel, um mir den Priesterdienst auszuüben: Aaron, Nadab und Abihu, Eleasar und Ithamar, die Söhne Aarons.

2 Und du sollst heilige Kleider für deinen Bruder Aaron machen zur Herrlichkeit und zum Schmuck.

3 Und du sollst zu allen reden, die weisen Herzens sind, die ich mit dem Geiste der Weisheit erfüllt habe, daß sie die Kleider Aarons machen, ihn zu heiligen, um mir den Priesterdienst auszuüben.

4 Und dies sind die Kleider, die sie machen sollen: ein Brustschild und ein Ephod und ein Oberkleid, und einen Leibrock von zellenförmigem Gewebe, einen Kopfbund und einen Gürtel; und sie sollen heilige Kleider machen für deinen Bruder Aaron und für seine Söhne, um mir den Priesterdienst auszuüben.

5 Und sie sollen das Gold und den blauen und den roten Purpur und den Karmesin und den Byssus nehmen

6 und sollen das Ephod machen von Gold, blauem und rotem Purpur, Karmesin und gezwirntem Byssus, in Kunstweberarbeit.

7 Es soll zwei zusammenfügende Schulterstücke haben an seinen beiden Enden, und so werde es zusammengefügt.

8 Und der gewirkte Gürtel, mit dem es angebunden wird, der darüber ist, soll von gleicher Arbeit mit ihm sein, von gleichem Stoffe: (W. aus ihm, wie Kap. 25,31. 36;27,2) von Gold, blauem und rotem Purpur und Karmesin und gezwirntem Byssus.

9 Und du sollst zwei Onyxsteine nehmen und die Namen der Söhne Israels darauf stechen:

10 sechs ihrer Namen auf den einen Stein und die sechs übrigen Namen auf den anderen Stein, nach ihrer Geburtsfolge.

11 In Steinschneiderarbeit, in Siegelstecherei sollst du die beiden Steine stechen nach den Namen der Söhne Israels; mit Einfassungen von Gold umgeben sollst du sie machen.

12 Und setze die beiden Steine auf die Schulterstücke des Ephods, als Steine des Gedächtnisses für die Kinder Israel; und Aaron soll ihre Namen auf seinen beiden Schultern tragen vor Jehova zum Gedächtnis.

13 Und mache Einfassungen von Gold;

14 und zwei Ketten von reinem Golde: schnurähnlich sollst du sie machen, in Flechtwerk, und die geflochtenen Ketten an die Einfassungen befestigen.

15 Und mache das Brustschild des Gerichts (O. des echts) in Kunstweberarbeit; gleich der Arbeit des Ephods sollst du es machen: von Gold, blauem und rotem Purpur und Karmesin und gezwirntem Byssus sollst du es machen.

16 Quadratförmig soll es sein, gedoppelt, eine Spanne seine Länge und eine Spanne seine Breite.

17 Und besetze es mit eingesetzten Steinen, vier eihen von Steinen; eine eihe: Sardis, Topas und Smaragd, die erste eihe;

18 und die zweite eihe: Karfunkel, Saphir und Diamant;

19 und die dritte eihe: Opal, Achat und Amethyst;

20 und die vierte eihe: Chrysolith und Onyx und Jaspis; mit Gold sollen sie eingefaßt sein in ihren Einsetzungen.

21 Und der Steine sollen nach den Namen der Söhne Israels zwölf sein, nach ihren Namen; in Siegelstecherei sollen sie sein, ein jeder nach seinem Namen, für die zwölf Stämme.

22 Und mache an das Brustschild schnurähnliche Ketten in Flechtwerk, von reinem Golde.

23 Und mache an das Brustschild zwei inge von Gold, und befestige die zwei inge an die beiden Enden des Brustschildes.

24 Und befestige die zwei geflochtenen Schnüre von Gold an die beiden inge an den Enden des Brustschildes;

25 und die beiden anderen Enden der zwei geflochtenen Schnüre sollst du an die beiden Einfassungen befestigen und sie an die Schulterstücke des Ephods befestigen, an seine Vorderseite.

26 Und mache zwei inge von Gold und befestige sie an die beiden Enden des Brustschildes, an seinen Saum, der gegen das Ephod hin ist, einwärts;

27 und mache zwei inge von Gold und befestige sie an die beiden Schulterstücke des Ephods, unten an seine Vorderseite, gerade bei seiner Zusammenfügung, oberhalb des gewirkten Gürtels des Ephods.

28 Und man soll das Brustschild mit seinen ingen an die inge des Ephods binden mit einer Schnur von blauem Purpur, daß es über dem gewirkten Gürtel des Ephods sei und das Brustschild sich nicht von dem Ephod verrücke.

29 Und Aaron soll die Namen der Söhne Israels an dem Brustschilde des Gerichts auf seinem Herzen tragen, wenn er ins Heiligtum hineingeht, zum Gedächtnis vor Jehova beständig.

30 Und lege in das Brustschild des Gerichts die Urim und die Thummim, (Lichter und Vollkommenheiten) daß sie auf dem Herzen Aarons seien, wenn er vor Jehova hineingeht; und Aaron soll das Gericht der Kinder Israel auf seinem Herzen tragen vor Jehova beständig.

31 Und mache das Oberkleid des Ephods ganz von blauem Purpur.

32 Und seine Kopföffnung soll in seiner Mitte sein; eine Borte soll es an seiner Öffnung haben ringsum, in Weberarbeit; wie die Öffnung eines Panzers soll daran sein, daß es nicht einreiße.

33 Und an seinen Saum mache Granatäpfel von blauem und rotem Purpur und Karmesin, an seinen Saum ringsum, und Schellen von Gold zwischen ihnen ringsum:

34 eine Schelle von Gold und einen Granatapfel, eine Schelle von Gold und einen Granatapfel an den Saum des Oberkleides ringsum.

35 Und Aaron soll es anhaben, um den Dienst zu verrichten, daß sein Klang gehört werde, wenn er ins Heiligtum hineingeht vor Jehova, und wenn er hinausgeht, daß er nicht sterbe.

36 Und mache ein Blech von reinem Golde und stich darauf mit Siegelstecherei: Heiligkeit dem Jehova!

37 Und tue es an eine Schnur von blauem Purpur; und es soll an dem Kopfbunde sein, an der Vorderseite des Kopfbundes soll es sein.

38 Und es soll auf der Stirn Aarons sein, und Aaron soll die Ungerechtigkeit der heiligen Dinge tragen, welche die Kinder Israel heiligen werden, bei allen (Eig. nach allen, d. h. so viele ihrer sein werden) Gaben ihrer heiligen Dinge; und es soll beständig an seiner Stirn sein, zum Wohlgefallen für sie vor Jehova.

39 Und mache den Leibrock von zellenförmigem Gewebe von Byssus, und mache einen Kopfbund von Byssus; und einen Gürtel sollst du machen in Buntwirkerarbeit.

40 Und den Söhnen Aarons sollst du Leibröcke machen und sollst ihnen Gürtel machen, und hohe Mützen sollst du ihnen machen zur Herrlichkeit und zum Schmuck.

41 Und du sollst deinen Bruder Aaron damit bekleiden und seine Söhne mit ihm; und du sollst sie salben und sie weihen (W. ihre Hand füllen. So auch Kap. 29,9. 33. 35;32,29 u. a. St.; vergl. die Anm. zu 3. Mose 8,28) und sie heiligen, daß sie mir den Priesterdienst ausüben.

42 Und mache ihnen Beinkleider von Linnen, um das Fleisch der Blöße zu bedecken; von den Hüften bis an die Schenkel sollen sie reichen.

43 Und Aaron und seine Söhne sollen sie anhaben, wenn sie in das Zelt der Zusammenkunft hineingehen, oder wenn sie dem Altar nahen, um den Dienst im Heiligtum zu verrichten, daß sie nicht eine Ungerechtigkeit tragen (O. Schuld auf sich laden) und sterben: eine ewige Satzung für ihn und für seinen Samen nach ihm.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 9962

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9962. 'And they shall be on Aaron and on his sons' means safety from the hells. This is clear from the meaning of 'the undergarments', to which 'they shall be on Aaron and on his sons' refers, as the things composing the external level of conjugial love, dealt with in 9959; and from the meaning of their 'nakedness', which the undergarments were to cover, as the inner desires of that love when they are foul and hellish, also dealt with above in 9960. And since 'nakedness' had that meaning, the purpose of the undergarments which were on Aaron and his sons was to keep them safe from the hells. The implications of all this are that so far as their interiors were concerned members of the Jewish and Israelite nation were steeped in self-love and love of the world, and so in hellish kinds of love, more than all the other nations; but so far as their exteriors were concerned they could be in a state of holiness, again more than all the other nations. For that reason when they were in a state of holiness their interiors were closed off; for then through that nation outwardly holy things were communicable to the heavens, and in this way they could be linked to heaven. It would have been altogether different if their internals, which were foul and hellish, as has been stated, had not been closed off. This is why no Church existed among them, only what was representative of the Church; for a Church that is indeed a Church resides in things of an internal nature, which are those of faith and love, not in those of an external nature separated from them. The things of an external nature among them were all representative.

[2] Since then things composing the external level of conjugial love - and in general those composing the external levels of all heavenly kinds of love - are meant by 'the undergarments', and since external levels were what covered internal ones, and since the internals with that nation were foul and hellish, the declaration that the undergarments should be on Aaron and on his sons means safety from the hells. For, as long as they were in a state of outward holiness, their internals having been covered or closed off, they were also remote from the hells and consequently in safety.

Internals with the Jewish and Israelite nation were foul and hellish, therefore no Church existed among them, only a representative of the Church, see the places referred to in 9320 (end), 9380.

When engaged in worship they were in a state of solely outward holiness, 3479, 4293, 4311, 6304, 8588, 9373, 9380.

And their interiors at such times were closed off, 8788, 8806.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 4311

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4311. In the internal historical sense 'for I have seen God face to face, and my soul is delivered' means His presence through representations. This is clear from the meaning of 'seeing God face to face' when used in reference to the state which Jacob's descendants were passing through, as the Lord's presence through representations, for if anyone 'sees God face to face' in an external form, and with his physical sight, it is not God Himself that he sees present then, 4299. The fact that He was not present with those people then, as He is with those who are regenerate and who for that reason are governed by spiritual love and by faith, is evident from what has been stated about that nation in 4281, 4288, 4290, 4293, namely about their worship being external and not at the same time internal; or what amounts to the same, about their being governed by bodily and worldly love and not by spiritual and celestial. With such people the Lord cannot possibly be present except through representations.

[2] What presence through representations is must be discussed briefly. Anyone who is governed by bodily and worldly love, and not at the same time by spiritual or by celestial love, does not have any but evil spirits with him, even when external holiness exists with him. Good spirits cannot in any way be present with such a person, for they perceive in an instant the kind of love which governs a person. There is a sphere emanating from the interior parts of him which the spirits perceive as plainly as man by his sense of smell perceives offensive and foul odours floating around him in the air. This is what the state of good and truth, or love and faith, was like with that nation dealt with here. But in order that they might nevertheless play the part of a representative of the Church, the Lord made provision in a miraculous way so that when an external holiness existed with them, and at the same time they were surrounded by evil spirits, that holiness existing with them might nevertheless be raised up to heaven. But this was effected through good spirits and angels who were not within them but outside them, for within them there was nothing but an empty void or else uncleanness. For this reason there was no communication with any person himself, only with the holiness which existed with them when they observed ordinances and commandments, all of which were representative of the spiritual and celestial things of the Lord's kingdom. This is what is meant by the Lord's presence with that nation through representations. But He is present in a different way with those within the Church in whom spiritual love and therefore faith are present. With these people good spirits and angels are present not only within external worship but also at the same time within internal, and therefore in their case the communication of heaven is with those persons themselves. Indeed the Lord is flowing in by way of heaven through their internals into their externals. For these latter people the holiness of worship is of value to them in the next life, but of no value to the former.

[3] It is similar with priests and ministers who preach about holy things and yet live wickedly and believe in what is wicked. With them no good spirits are present, only evil ones, even when they officiate at external acts of worship in a manner which is outwardly holy. For it is self-love and love of the world - that is, love directed towards the attainment of prominent positions and love directed towards the acquisition of gain and so of reputation - which fires them and is the reason for their display of holiness. Sometimes such ambitions are so great that those priests and ministers do not see any false presence in themselves, nor at the same time do they believe that such presence can even exist. Yet in fact they are in the midst of evil spirits whose state is at that time the same as theirs and who serve as their aspiration and inspiration. The presence of evil spirits in that kind of state - when priests or ministers officiate at external acts of worship and when a brake is put on their self-love and love of the world - I have been allowed to know from a considerable amount of experience, which will in the Lord's Divine mercy be described further on at the ends of chapters. Those priests and ministers do not themselves have any communication with heaven, but those who hear and receive the words coming from their lips do so if internal reverence and holiness exists with them. For it does not matter at all who declares what is good and true, provided their lives are not openly wicked, because that would give offence.

[4] This was the situation with the nation descended from Jacob; that is to say, they were surrounded by evil spirits and yet the Lord was present with them through representations, as becomes clear from many places in the Word. In their hearts they did anything but worship Jehovah, for as soon as miracles ceased they instantly turned to other gods and became idolaters, which was a sure sign that in their hearts they worshipped other gods and made mere lip confession to Jehovah; and they made this to Him solely for the reason that they might be the greatest and be pre-eminent over all the nations round about them. The fact that this nation - Aaron included - in their hearts worshipped an Egyptian idol and made mere lip confession to Jehovah because of His miracles, is plainly evident from the golden calf which Aaron made for them, one month after they had seen such great miracles on Mount Sinai, in addition to those they had seen previously in Egypt - see Exodus 32. That Aaron too was like this is explicitly stated in verses 2-5 of that same chapter, and especially in Verse 35. The same traits in that nation are in addition evident from many other places in Moses, in the Book of Judges, in the Books of Samuel, and in the Books of the Kings.

[5] It is also evident that their worship was solely external and not at all internal from the fact that they were forbidden to go near Mount Sinai when the Law was being proclaimed, and that if they touched the mountain they would certainly die, Exodus 19:11-13; 20:19. The reason they were forbidden to do so was that internally they were unclean. It is also stated in Moses that Jehovah dwelt with them in the midst of their uncleannesses, Leviticus 16:16. What that nation was like is also clear from the Song of Moses, Deuteronomy 32:15-43, and from many places in the Prophets. From this it can be recognized that no Church resided with that nation but merely a representative of the Church, and that the Lord was present with it merely through representations.

[6] See also what has been presented already regarding these people,

With the descendants of Jacob a representative of the Church existed but not a Church, 4281, 4288.

A representative of the Church was not established among them until they had been vastated altogether as regards internal holiness, otherwise they would have profaned holy things, 3398, 4289.

When they adhered to ordinances they were able to play a representative role, but not when they deviated from them, 3881 (end).

Therefore they were kept strictly to religious observances and were coerced by external means, 3147, 4281.

So that they could play the part of a representative of the Church their worship became external worship devoid of internal, 4281.

Therefore also interior things of the Church; were not disclosed to them, 301-303, 2520, 3398, 3479, 3769.

They were of such a nature that they were better able than others to have external holiness devoid of internal, 4293.

This is why they have been preserved even to the present day. 3479.

Their external holiness made no difference to their souls, 3479.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.