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Michée 3

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1 C'est pourquoi j'ai dit : Ecoutez maintenant, Chefs de Jacob, et vous Conducteurs de la maison d'Israël : N'est ce point à vous de connaître ce qui est juste?

2 Ils haïssent le bien, et aiment le mal; ils ravissent la peau de ces gens-ci de dessus eux, et leur chair de dessus leurs os.

3 Et ce qu'ils mangent; c'est la chair de mon peuple, et ils ont écorché leur peau de dessus eux, et ont cassé leurs os, et les ont mis par pièces comme dans un pot, et comme de la chair dans une chaudière.

4 Alors ils crieront à l'Eternel, mais il ne les exaucera point, et il cachera sa face d'eux en ce temps-là, selon qu'ils se sont mal conduits dans leurs actions.

5 Ainsi a dit l'Eternel contre les Prophètes qui font égarer mon peuple, qui mordent de leurs dents, et qui crient : Paix! et si quelqu'un ne leur donne rien dans leur bouche, ils publient la guerre contre lui.

6 C'est pourquoi la nuit sera sur vous, afin que vous n'ayez point de vision; et elle s'obscurcira, afin que vous ne deviniez point; le soleil se couchera sur ces Prophètes-là, et le jour leur sera ténébreux.

7 Et [les] voyants seront honteux, et les devins rougiront de honte; eux tous se couvriront sur la lèvre de dessus, parce qu'il n'y aura aucune réponse de Dieu.

8 Mais moi, je suis rempli de force, et de jugement, et de courage, par l'Esprit de l'Eternel, pour déclarer à Jacob son crime, et à Israël son péché.

9 Ecoutez maintenant ceci, Chefs de la maison de Jacob, et vous Conducteurs de la maison d'Israël, qui avez le jugement en abomination, et qui pervertissez tout ce qui est juste.

10 On bâtit Sion de sang, et Jérusalem d'injustices.

11 Ses Chefs jugent pour des présents, ses Sacrificateurs enseignent pour le salaire, et ses prophètes devinent pour de l'argent, puis ils s'appuient sur l'Eternel, en disant : l'Eternel n'est-il pas parmi nous? Il ne viendra point de mal sur nous.

12 C'est pourquoi à cause de vous, Sion sera labourée [comme] un champ, et Jérusalem sera réduite en monceaux [de pierres], et la montagne du Temple en hauts lieux de forêt.

   

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Jacob or Israel (the man)

  

Jacob is told twice that his name will now be Israel. The first time is when he wrestles with an angel on his journey to meet Esau, and the angel tells him that his name will be changed. After he is reconciled with Esau, they go their separate ways. Jacob moves to Shechem and then on to Bethel, where he builds an altar to the Lord. The Lord appears to him there, renews the covenant He first made with Abraham and again tells him that his name will be Israel (Genesis 35). The story goes on to tell of Benjamin's birth and Rachel's death in bearing him, and then of Jacob's return to Isaac and Isaac's death and burial. But at that point the main thread of the story leaves Israel and turns to Joseph, and Israel is hardly mentioned until after Joseph has risen to power in Egypt, has revealed himself to his brothers and tells them to bring all of their father's household down to Egypt. There, before Israel dies, he blesses Joseph's sons, plus all his own sons. After his death he is returned to the land of Canaan for burial in Abraham's tomb. In the story of Jacob and Esau, Jacob represents truth, and Esau good. Jacob's stay in Padan-Aram, and the wealth he acquired there, represent learning the truths of scripture, just as we learn when we read the Ten Commandments or the Sermon on the Mount. The change of name from Jacob to Israel represents the realization that what we learn should not simply be knowledge, but should be the rules of our life, to be followed by action. This action is the good that Esau has represented in the story up to that time, but after the reconciliation between Jacob and Esau, Jacob as Israel now represents the truth and the good, together. It is interesting that even after his name change Jacob is rarely called Israel. Sometimes he is called one and sometimes the other, and sometimes he is called both Jacob and Israel in the same verse (Genesis 46:2, 5, & 8 also Psalm 14:7). This is because Jacob represents the external person and Israel the internal person, and even after the internal person comes into being, we spend much of our lives living on the external level.

(Odkazy: Arcana Coelestia 4274, 4292, 4570, 5595, 6225, 6256, Genesis 2:5, 46:8)

Bible

 

Genesis 35

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1 God said to Jacob, "Arise, go up to Bethel, and live there. Make there an altar to God, who appeared to you when you fled from the face of Esau your brother."

2 Then Jacob said to his household, and to all who were with him, "Put away the foreign gods that are among you, purify yourselves, change your garments.

3 Let us arise, and go up to Bethel. I will make there an altar to God, who answered me in the day of my distress, and was with me in the way which I went."

4 They gave to Jacob all the foreign gods which were in their hands, and the rings which were in their ears; and Jacob hid them under the oak which was by Shechem.

5 They traveled, and a terror of God was on the cities that were around them, and they didn't pursue the sons of Jacob.

6 So Jacob came to Luz (that is, Bethel), which is in the land of Canaan, he and all the people who were with him.

7 He built an altar there, and called the place El Beth El; because there God was revealed to him, when he fled from the face of his brother.

8 Deborah, Rebekah's nurse, died, and she was buried below Bethel under the oak; and its name was called Allon Bacuth.

9 God appeared to Jacob again, when he came from Paddan Aram, and blessed him.

10 God said to him, "Your name is Jacob. Your name shall not be Jacob any more, but your name will be Israel." He named him Israel.

11 God said to him, "I am God Almighty. Be fruitful and multiply. A nation and a company of nations will be from you, and kings will come out of your body.

12 The land which I gave to Abraham and Isaac, I will give it to you, and to your seed after you will I give the land."

13 God went up from him in the place where he spoke with him.

14 Jacob set up a pillar in the place where he spoke with him, a pillar of stone. He poured out a drink offering on it, and poured oil on it.

15 Jacob called the name of the place where God spoke with him "Bethel."

16 They traveled from Bethel. There was still some distance to come to Ephrath, and Rachel travailed. She had hard labor.

17 When she was in hard labor, the midwife said to her, "Don't be afraid, for now you will have another son."

18 It happened, as her soul was departing (for she died), that she named him Benoni, but his father named him Benjamin.

19 Rachel died, and was buried in the way to Ephrath (the same is Bethlehem).

20 Jacob set up a pillar on her grave. The same is the Pillar of Rachel's grave to this day.

21 Israel traveled, and spread his tent beyond the tower of Eder.

22 It happened, while Israel lived in that land, that Reuben went and lay with Bilhah, his father's concubine, and Israel heard of it. Now the sons of Jacob were twelve.

23 The sons of Leah: Reuben (Jacob's firstborn), Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.

24 The sons of Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.

25 The sons of Bilhah (Rachel's handmaid): Dan and Naphtali.

26 The sons of Zilpah (Leah's handmaid): Gad and Asher. These are the sons of Jacob, who were born to him in Paddan Aram.

27 Jacob came to Isaac his father, to Mamre, to Kiriath Arba (which is Hebron), where Abraham and Isaac lived as foreigners.

28 The days of Isaac were one hundred eighty years.

29 Isaac gave up the spirit, and died, and was gathered to his people, old and full of days. Esau and Jacob, his sons, buried him.